Creating CoW mmap pages from userspace

[Alex Bligh]

I have a threaded application which has a large file mmap'd into a
single large area L. L contains lots of page-aligned data structures
each of an integer number of pages in length.

L is volatile (altered by lots of threads). What I'd like to do
is take memory "snapshots" of bits of L by

1. taking a lock (preventing other threads writing to L)
2. generating an mmap CoW copy of a subset of L (just a few pages)
  which would generate a new mmap'd area S (much smaller).
3. releasing a lock.

I'm not going to write to S, but I will read from it, and I need
it to contain what that bit of L contained at the time, and not
be affected by subsequent changes to L.

At kernel level, I can see how this would work - it's pretty much
what happens with fork().

I can't, however, see any way to do it from userspace. The only
near seems to be MAP_PRIVATE (i.e. open the file backing L
with another fd, or perhaps use the same fd, then create
a new memory map with MAP_PRIVATE set), but as far as I can tell
a) this would require me to msync() the relevant portion of L, and
  there is no need for anything to hit the disk - memcpy() would
  be faster, and
b) MAP_PRIVATE seems to protect L against changes to S, but does
  not protect S against changes to L (which is what I need). The
  manpage says "It is unspecified whether changes made to the file
  after the mmap() call are visible in the mapped region"

Any ideas? Currently I am taking the easy way out and memcpy()'ing
the region, but I'd really rather avoid continuously memcpy()'ing
8MB chunks given that 99.9% of the time the relevant bit of L does
not change.

--
Alex Bligh
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