[PATCH 34/34] mm: dynamically allocate page->ptl if it cannot be embedded to struct page
From: Kirill A. Shutemov
Date: Thu Oct 10 2013 - 14:08:16 EST
If split page table lock is in use, we embed the lock into struct page
of table's page. We have to disable split lock, if spinlock_t is too big
be to be embedded, like when DEBUG_SPINLOCK or DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC enabled.
This patch add support for dynamic allocation of split page table lock
if we can't embed it to struct page.
page->ptl is unsigned long now and we use it as spinlock_t if
sizeof(spinlock_t) <= sizeof(long), otherwise it's pointer to
spinlock_t.
The spinlock_t allocated in pgtable_page_ctor() for PTE table and in
pgtable_pmd_page_ctor() for PMD table. All other helpers converted to
support dynamically allocated page->ptl.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
Documentation/vm/split_page_table_lock | 90 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
arch/x86/xen/mmu.c | 2 +-
include/linux/mm.h | 72 +++++++++++++++++++--------
include/linux/mm_types.h | 5 +-
mm/Kconfig | 2 -
mm/memory.c | 19 +++++++
6 files changed, 166 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 Documentation/vm/split_page_table_lock
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/split_page_table_lock b/Documentation/vm/split_page_table_lock
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e2f617b732
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/vm/split_page_table_lock
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+Split page table lock
+=====================
+
+Originally, mm->page_table_lock spinlock protected all page tables of the
+mm_struct. But this approach leads to poor page fault scalability of
+multi-threaded applications due high contention on the lock. To improve
+scalability, split page table lock was introduced.
+
+With split page table lock we have separate per-table lock to serialize
+access to the table. At the moment we use split lock for PTE and PMD
+tables. Access to higher level tables protected by mm->page_table_lock.
+
+There are helpers to lock/unlock a table and other accessor functions:
+ - pte_offset_map_lock()
+ maps pte and takes PTE table lock, returns pointer to the taken
+ lock;
+ - pte_unmap_unlock()
+ unlocks and unmaps PTE table;
+ - pte_alloc_map_lock()
+ allocates PTE table if needed and take the lock, returns pointer
+ to taken lock or NULL if allocation failed;
+ - pte_lockptr()
+ returns pointer to PTE table lock;
+ - pmd_lock()
+ takes PMD table lock, returns pointer to taken lock;
+ - pmd_lockptr()
+ returns pointer to PMD table lock;
+
+Split page table lock for PTE tables is enabled compile-time if
+CONFIG_SPLIT_PTLOCK_CPUS (usually 4) is less or equal to NR_CPUS.
+If split lock is disabled, all tables guaded by mm->page_table_lock.
+
+Split page table lock for PMD tables is enabled, if it's enabled for PTE
+tables and the architecture supports it (see below).
+
+Hugetlb and split page table lock
+---------------------------------
+
+Hugetlb can support several page sizes. We use split lock only for PMD
+level, but not for PUD.
+
+Hugetlb-specific helpers:
+ - huge_pte_lock()
+ takes pmd split lock for PMD_SIZE page, mm->page_table_lock
+ otherwise;
+ - huge_pte_lockptr()
+ returns pointer to table lock;
+
+Support of split page table lock by an architecture
+---------------------------------------------------
+
+There's no need in special enabling of PTE split page table lock:
+everything required is done by pgtable_page_ctor() and pgtable_page_dtor(),
+which must be called on PTE table allocation / freeing.
+
+PMD split lock only makes sense if you have more than two page table
+levels.
+
+PMD split lock enabling requires pgtable_pmd_page_ctor() call on PMD table
+allocation and pgtable_pmd_page_dtor() on freeing.
+
+Allocation usually happens in pmd_alloc_one(), freeing in pmd_free(), but
+make sure you cover all PMD table allocation / freeing paths: i.e X86_PAE
+preallocate few PMDs on pgd_alloc().
+
+With everything in place you can set CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_SPLIT_PMD_PTLOCK.
+
+NOTE: pgtable_page_ctor() and pgtable_pmd_page_ctor() can fail -- it must
+be handled properly.
+
+page->ptl
+---------
+
+page->ptl is used to access split page table lock, where 'page' is struct
+page of page containing the table. It shares storage with page->private
+(and few other fields in union).
+
+To avoid increasing size of struct page and have best performance, we use a
+trick:
+ - if spinlock_t fits into long, we use page->ptr as spinlock, so we
+ can avoid indirect access and save a cache line.
+ - if size of spinlock_t is bigger then size of long, we use page->ptl as
+ pointer to spinlock_t and allocate it dynamically. This allows to use
+ split lock with enabled DEBUG_SPINLOCK or DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC, but costs
+ one more cache line for indirect access;
+
+The spinlock_t allocated in pgtable_page_ctor() for PTE table and in
+pgtable_pmd_page_ctor() for PMD table.
+
+Please, never access page->ptl directly -- use appropriate helper.
diff --git a/arch/x86/xen/mmu.c b/arch/x86/xen/mmu.c
index 455c873ce0..49c962fe7e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/xen/mmu.c
+++ b/arch/x86/xen/mmu.c
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ static spinlock_t *xen_pte_lock(struct page *page, struct mm_struct *mm)
spinlock_t *ptl = NULL;
#if USE_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS
- ptl = __pte_lockptr(page);
+ ptl = ptlock_ptr(page);
spin_lock_nest_lock(ptl, &mm->page_table_lock);
#endif
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index f6467032a9..658e8b317f 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -1233,32 +1233,64 @@ static inline pmd_t *pmd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud, unsigned long a
#endif /* CONFIG_MMU && !__ARCH_HAS_4LEVEL_HACK */
#if USE_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS
-/*
- * We tuck a spinlock to guard each pagetable page into its struct page,
- * at page->private, with BUILD_BUG_ON to make sure that this will not
- * overflow into the next struct page (as it might with DEBUG_SPINLOCK).
- * When freeing, reset page->mapping so free_pages_check won't complain.
- */
-#define __pte_lockptr(page) &((page)->ptl)
-#define pte_lock_init(_page) do { \
- spin_lock_init(__pte_lockptr(_page)); \
-} while (0)
-#define pte_lock_deinit(page) ((page)->mapping = NULL)
-#define pte_lockptr(mm, pmd) ({(void)(mm); __pte_lockptr(pmd_page(*(pmd)));})
+bool __ptlock_alloc(struct page *page);
+void __ptlock_free(struct page *page);
+static inline bool ptlock_alloc(struct page *page)
+{
+ if (sizeof(spinlock_t) > sizeof(page->ptl))
+ return __ptlock_alloc(page);
+ return true;
+}
+static inline void ptlock_free(struct page *page)
+{
+ if (sizeof(spinlock_t) > sizeof(page->ptl))
+ __ptlock_free(page);
+}
+
+static inline spinlock_t *ptlock_ptr(struct page *page)
+{
+ if (sizeof(spinlock_t) > sizeof(page->ptl))
+ return (spinlock_t *) page->ptl;
+ else
+ return (spinlock_t *) &page->ptl;
+}
+
+static inline spinlock_t *pte_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
+{
+ return ptlock_ptr(pmd_page(*pmd));
+}
+
+static inline bool ptlock_init(struct page *page)
+{
+ if (!ptlock_alloc(page))
+ return false;
+ spin_lock_init(ptlock_ptr(page));
+ return true;
+}
+
+/* Reset page->mapping so free_pages_check won't complain. */
+static inline void pte_lock_deinit(struct page *page)
+{
+ page->mapping = NULL;
+ ptlock_free(page);
+}
+
#else /* !USE_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS */
/*
* We use mm->page_table_lock to guard all pagetable pages of the mm.
*/
-#define pte_lock_init(page) do {} while (0)
-#define pte_lock_deinit(page) do {} while (0)
-#define pte_lockptr(mm, pmd) ({(void)(pmd); &(mm)->page_table_lock;})
+static inline spinlock_t *pte_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
+{
+ return &mm->page_table_lock;
+}
+static inline bool ptlock_init(struct page *page) { return true; }
+static inline void pte_lock_deinit(struct page *page) {}
#endif /* USE_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS */
static inline bool pgtable_page_ctor(struct page *page)
{
- pte_lock_init(page);
inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_PAGETABLE);
- return true;
+ return ptlock_init(page);
}
static inline void pgtable_page_dtor(struct page *page)
@@ -1299,16 +1331,15 @@ static inline void pgtable_page_dtor(struct page *page)
static inline spinlock_t *pmd_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
{
- return &virt_to_page(pmd)->ptl;
+ return ptlock_ptr(virt_to_page(pmd));
}
static inline bool pgtable_pmd_page_ctor(struct page *page)
{
- spin_lock_init(&page->ptl);
#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
page->pmd_huge_pte = NULL;
#endif
- return true;
+ return ptlock_init(page);
}
static inline void pgtable_pmd_page_dtor(struct page *page)
@@ -1316,6 +1347,7 @@ static inline void pgtable_pmd_page_dtor(struct page *page)
#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
VM_BUG_ON(page->pmd_huge_pte);
#endif
+ ptlock_free(page);
}
#define pmd_huge_pte(mm, pmd) (virt_to_page(pmd)->pmd_huge_pte)
diff --git a/include/linux/mm_types.h b/include/linux/mm_types.h
index bacc15f078..257ac12fac 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm_types.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm_types.h
@@ -147,7 +147,10 @@ struct page {
* system if PG_buddy is set.
*/
#if USE_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS
- spinlock_t ptl;
+ unsigned long ptl; /* It's spinlock_t if it fits to long,
+ * otherwise it's pointer to dynamicaly
+ * allocated spinlock_t.
+ */
#endif
struct kmem_cache *slab_cache; /* SL[AU]B: Pointer to slab */
struct page *first_page; /* Compound tail pages */
diff --git a/mm/Kconfig b/mm/Kconfig
index d19f7d380b..9e8c8ae3b6 100644
--- a/mm/Kconfig
+++ b/mm/Kconfig
@@ -211,8 +211,6 @@ config SPLIT_PTLOCK_CPUS
int
default "999999" if ARM && !CPU_CACHE_VIPT
default "999999" if PARISC && !PA20
- default "999999" if DEBUG_SPINLOCK || DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
- default "999999" if !64BIT && GENERIC_LOCKBREAK
default "4"
config ARCH_ENABLE_SPLIT_PMD_PTLOCK
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 1200d6230c..7e11f745bc 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -4330,3 +4330,22 @@ void copy_user_huge_page(struct page *dst, struct page *src,
}
}
#endif /* CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE || CONFIG_HUGETLBFS */
+
+#if USE_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS
+bool __ptlock_alloc(struct page *page)
+{
+ spinlock_t *ptl;
+
+ ptl = kmalloc(sizeof(spinlock_t), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!ptl)
+ return false;
+ page->ptl = (unsigned long)ptl;
+ return true;
+}
+
+void __ptlock_free(struct page *page)
+{
+ if (sizeof(spinlock_t) > sizeof(page->ptl))
+ kfree((spinlock_t *)page->ptl);
+}
+#endif
--
1.8.4.rc3
--
To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in
the body of a message to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
Please read the FAQ at http://www.tux.org/lkml/