Re: [PATCH 4/4] nohz: Fix iowait overcounting if iowait task migrates

From: Frederic Weisbecker
Date: Tue Apr 29 2014 - 10:47:40 EST


On Thu, Apr 24, 2014 at 08:45:58PM +0200, Denys Vlasenko wrote:
> Before this change, if last IO-blocked task wakes up
> on a different CPU, the original CPU may stay idle for much longer,
> and the entire time it stays idle is accounted as iowait time.
>
> This change adds struct tick_sched::iowait_exittime member.
> On entry to idle, it is set to KTIME_MAX.
> Last IO-blocked task, if migrated, sets it to current time.
> Note that this can happen only once per each idle period:
> new iowaiting tasks can't magically appear on idle CPU's rq.
>
> If iowait_exittime is set, then (iowait_exittime - idle_entrytime)
> gets accounted as iowait, and the remaining (now - iowait_exittime)
> as "true" idle.
>
> Run-tested: /proc/stat counters no longer go backwards.
>
> Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@xxxxxxxxxx>
> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@xxxxxxxxx>
> Cc: Hidetoshi Seto <seto.hidetoshi@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> Cc: Fernando Luis Vazquez Cao <fernando_b1@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@xxxxxxxxxx>
> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@xxxxxxxxxx>
> ---
> include/linux/tick.h | 2 ++
> kernel/sched/core.c | 14 +++++++++++
> kernel/time/tick-sched.c | 64 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
> 3 files changed, 70 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/tick.h b/include/linux/tick.h
> index 4de1f9e..1bf653e 100644
> --- a/include/linux/tick.h
> +++ b/include/linux/tick.h
> @@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ struct tick_sched {
> ktime_t idle_exittime;
> ktime_t idle_sleeptime;
> ktime_t iowait_sleeptime;
> + ktime_t iowait_exittime;
> seqcount_t idle_sleeptime_seq;
> ktime_t sleep_length;
> unsigned long last_jiffies;
> @@ -140,6 +141,7 @@ extern void tick_nohz_irq_exit(void);
> extern ktime_t tick_nohz_get_sleep_length(void);
> extern u64 get_cpu_idle_time_us(int cpu, u64 *last_update_time);
> extern u64 get_cpu_iowait_time_us(int cpu, u64 *last_update_time);
> +extern void tick_nohz_iowait_to_idle(int cpu);
>
> # else /* !CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON */
> static inline int tick_nohz_tick_stopped(void)
> diff --git a/kernel/sched/core.c b/kernel/sched/core.c
> index 268a45e..ffea757 100644
> --- a/kernel/sched/core.c
> +++ b/kernel/sched/core.c
> @@ -4218,7 +4218,14 @@ void __sched io_schedule(void)
> current->in_iowait = 1;
> schedule();
> current->in_iowait = 0;
> +#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
> + if (atomic_dec_and_test(&rq->nr_iowait)) {
> + if (raw_smp_processor_id() != cpu_of(rq))
> + tick_nohz_iowait_to_idle(cpu_of(rq));
> + }
> +#else
> atomic_dec(&rq->nr_iowait);
> +#endif
> delayacct_blkio_end();
> }
> EXPORT_SYMBOL(io_schedule);
> @@ -4234,7 +4241,14 @@ long __sched io_schedule_timeout(long timeout)
> current->in_iowait = 1;
> ret = schedule_timeout(timeout);
> current->in_iowait = 0;
> +#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
> + if (atomic_dec_and_test(&rq->nr_iowait)) {
> + if (raw_smp_processor_id() != cpu_of(rq))
> + tick_nohz_iowait_to_idle(cpu_of(rq));
> + }
> +#else
> atomic_dec(&rq->nr_iowait);
> +#endif
> delayacct_blkio_end();
> return ret;
> }
> diff --git a/kernel/time/tick-sched.c b/kernel/time/tick-sched.c
> index 47ed7cf..d78c942 100644
> --- a/kernel/time/tick-sched.c
> +++ b/kernel/time/tick-sched.c
> @@ -408,15 +408,27 @@ static void tick_nohz_update_jiffies(ktime_t now)
>
> static void tick_nohz_stop_idle(struct tick_sched *ts, ktime_t now)
> {
> - ktime_t delta;
> + ktime_t delta, entry, end;
>
> /* Updates the per cpu time idle statistics counters */
> write_seqcount_begin(&ts->idle_sleeptime_seq);
> - delta = ktime_sub(now, ts->idle_entrytime);
> - if (ts->idle_active == 2)
> + entry = ts->idle_entrytime;
> + delta = ktime_sub(now, entry);
> + if (ts->idle_active == 2) {
> + end = ts->iowait_exittime;
> + if (end.tv64 != KTIME_MAX) {
> + /*
> + * Last iowaiting task on our rq was woken up on other CPU
> + * sometime in the past, it updated ts->iowait_exittime.
> + */
> + delta = ktime_sub(now, end);
> + ts->idle_sleeptime = ktime_add(ts->idle_sleeptime, delta);
> + delta = ktime_sub(end, entry);
> + }
> ts->iowait_sleeptime = ktime_add(ts->iowait_sleeptime, delta);
> - else
> + } else {
> ts->idle_sleeptime = ktime_add(ts->idle_sleeptime, delta);
> + }
> ts->idle_active = 0;
> write_seqcount_end(&ts->idle_sleeptime_seq);
>
> @@ -430,6 +442,7 @@ static ktime_t tick_nohz_start_idle(struct tick_sched *ts)
> write_seqcount_begin(&ts->idle_sleeptime_seq);
> ts->idle_entrytime = now;
> ts->idle_active = nr_iowait_cpu(smp_processor_id()) ? 2 : 1;
> + ts->iowait_exittime.tv64 = KTIME_MAX;
> write_seqcount_end(&ts->idle_sleeptime_seq);
>
> sched_clock_idle_sleep_event();
> @@ -437,6 +450,16 @@ static ktime_t tick_nohz_start_idle(struct tick_sched *ts)
> return now;
> }
>
> +void tick_nohz_iowait_to_idle(int cpu)
> +{
> + struct tick_sched *ts = tick_get_tick_sched(cpu);
> + ktime_t now = ktime_get();
> +
> + write_seqcount_begin(&ts->idle_sleeptime_seq);
> + ts->iowait_exittime = now;
> + write_seqcount_end(&ts->idle_sleeptime_seq);

So now you have two concurrent updaters using the seqcount, which is
very dangerous as the counters aren't updated atomically.

seqcount is only suitable when there is a single sequential updater.
Once you deal with concurrent updaters you need seqlock.

And once you add seqlock in the hot scheduler path, you're hitting
a big scalability issue.
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