[ANNOUNCE] Git v2.18.0

From: Junio C Hamano
Date: Thu Jun 21 2018 - 15:27:40 EST


The latest feature release Git v2.18.0 is now available at the
usual places. It is comprised of 903 non-merge commits since
v2.17.0, contributed by 80 people, 24 of which are new faces.

The tarballs are found at:

https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/

The following public repositories all have a copy of the 'v2.18.0'
tag and the 'master' branch that the tag points at:

url = https://kernel.googlesource.com/pub/scm/git/git
url = git://repo.or.cz/alt-git.git
url = https://github.com/gitster/git

New contributors whose contributions weren't in v2.17.0 are as follows.
Welcome to the Git development community!

Bill Ritcher, Birger Skogeng Pedersen, Casey Fitzpatrick,
Dan Jacques, Drew DeVault, Eckhard S. MaaÃ, Erik E Brady,
Florian GambÃck, Harald Nordgren, Jeremy Linton, Karthikeyan
Singaravelan, Leif Middelschulte, Loganaden Velvindron, Luis
Marsano, Meng-Sung Wu, Paul-Sebastian Ungureanu, Pedro Alvarez
Piedehierro, Pratik Karki, Romain Merland, Ryan Dammrose,
Takuto Ikuta, Tao Qingyun, Wink Saville, and Yuki Kokubun.

Returning contributors who helped this release are as follows.
Thanks for your continued support.

Ãvar ArnfjÃrà Bjarmason, Alexander Shopov, Anders Kaseorg,
Andreas Heiduk, Andre Hinrichs, Antonio Ospite, Beat Bolli,
Ben Peart, Brandon Williams, brian m. carlson, Changwoo Ryu,
Christian Couder, Christian Hesse, Christopher Diaz Riveros,
Clemens Buchacher, David Turner, Derrick Stolee, Elijah Newren,
Eric Sunshine, Jameson Miller, Jean-NoÃl Avila, Jeff King,
Jiang Xin, Johannes Schindelin, Johannes Sixt, Jonathan Nieder,
Jonathan Tan, Jordi Mas, Junio C Hamano, Kaartic Sivaraam,
Kyle Meyer, Lars Schneider, Lucas Werkmeister, Luke Diamand,
Martin Ãgren, Michal Nazarewicz, Michele Locati, Nguyán ThÃi
Ngác Duy, Olga Telezhnaya, Orgad Shaneh, Peter Krefting, Philip
Oakley, Phillip Wood, Ralf Thielow, Ramsay Jones, Renà Scharfe,
Robert P. J. Day, Sergey Organov, Stefan Agner, Stefan Beller,
SZEDER GÃbor, Taylor Blau, Thomas Gummerer, Todd Zullinger,
Torsten BÃgershausen, and Trán Ngác QuÃn.

----------------------------------------------------------------

Git 2.18 Release Notes
======================

Updates since v2.17
-------------------

UI, Workflows & Features

* Rename detection logic that is used in "merge" and "cherry-pick" has
learned to guess when all of x/a, x/b and x/c have moved to z/a,
z/b and z/c, it is likely that x/d added in the meantime would also
want to move to z/d by taking the hint that the entire directory
'x' moved to 'z'. A bug causing dirty files involved in a rename
to be overwritten during merge has also been fixed as part of this
work. Incidentally, this also avoids updating a file in the
working tree after a (non-trivial) merge whose result matches what
our side originally had.

* "git filter-branch" learned to use a different exit code to allow
the callers to tell the case where there was no new commits to
rewrite from other error cases.

* When built with more recent cURL, GIT_SSL_VERSION can now specify
"tlsv1.3" as its value.

* "git gui" learned that "~/.ssh/id_ecdsa.pub" and
"~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub" are also possible SSH key files.
(merge 2e2f0288ef bb/git-gui-ssh-key-files later to maint).

* "git gui" performs commit upon CTRL/CMD+ENTER but the
CTRL/CMD+KP_ENTER (i.e. enter key on the numpad) did not have the
same key binding. It now does.
(merge 28a1d94a06 bp/git-gui-bind-kp-enter later to maint).

* "git gui" has been taught to work with old versions of tk (like
8.5.7) that do not support "ttk::style theme use" as a way to query
the current theme.
(merge 4891961105 cb/git-gui-ttk-style later to maint).

* "git rebase" has learned to honor "--signoff" option when using
backends other than "am" (but not "--preserve-merges").

* "git branch --list" during an interrupted "rebase -i" now lets
users distinguish the case where a detached HEAD is being rebased
and a normal branch is being rebased.

* "git mergetools" learned talking to guiffy.

* The scripts in contrib/emacs/ have outlived their usefulness and
have been replaced with a stub that errors out and tells the user
there are replacements.

* The new "working-tree-encoding" attribute can ask Git to convert the
contents to the specified encoding when checking out to the working
tree (and the other way around when checking in).

* The "git config" command uses separate options e.g. "--int",
"--bool", etc. to specify what type the caller wants the value to
be interpreted as. A new "--type=<typename>" option has been
introduced, which would make it cleaner to define new types.

* "git config --get" learned the "--default" option, to help the
calling script. Building on top of the above changes, the
"git config" learns "--type=color" type. Taken together, you can
do things like "git config --get foo.color --default blue" and get
the ANSI color sequence for the color given to foo.color variable,
or "blue" if the variable does not exist.

* "git ls-remote" learned an option to allow sorting its output based
on the refnames being shown.

* The command line completion (in contrib/) has been taught that "git
stash save" has been deprecated ("git stash push" is the preferred
spelling in the new world) and does not offer it as a possible
completion candidate when "git stash push" can be.

* "git gc --prune=nonsense" spent long time repacking and then
silently failed when underlying "git prune --expire=nonsense"
failed to parse its command line. This has been corrected.

* Error messages from "git push" can be painted for more visibility.

* "git http-fetch" (deprecated) had an optional and experimental
"feature" to fetch only commits and/or trees, which nobody used.
This has been removed.

* The functionality of "$GIT_DIR/info/grafts" has been superseded by
the "refs/replace/" mechanism for some time now, but the internal
code had support for it in many places, which has been cleaned up
in order to drop support of the "grafts" mechanism.

* "git worktree add" learned to check out an existing branch.

* "git --no-pager cmd" did not have short-and-sweet single letter
option. Now it does as "-P".
(merge 7213c28818 js/no-pager-shorthand later to maint).

* "git rebase" learned "--rebase-merges" to transplant the whole
topology of commit graph elsewhere.

* "git status" learned to pay attention to UI related diff
configuration variables such as diff.renames.

* The command line completion mechanism (in contrib/) learned to load
custom completion file for "git $command" where $command is a
custom "git-$command" that the end user has on the $PATH when using
newer version of bash-completion.

* "git send-email" can sometimes offer confirmation dialog "Send this
email?" with choices 'Yes', 'No', 'Quit', and 'All'. A new action
'Edit' has been added to this dialog's choice.

* With merge.renames configuration set to false, the recursive merge
strategy can be told not to spend cycles trying to find renamed
paths and merge them accordingly.

* "git status" learned to honor a new status.renames configuration to
skip rename detection, which could be useful for those who want to
do so without disabling the default rename detection done by the
"git diff" command.

* Command line completion (in contrib/) learned to complete pathnames
for various commands better.

* "git blame" learns to unhighlight uninteresting metadata from the
originating commit on lines that are the same as the previous one,
and also paint lines in different colors depending on the age of
the commit.

* Transfer protocol v2 learned to support the partial clone.

* When a short hexadecimal string is used to name an object but there
are multiple objects that share the string as the prefix of their
names, the code lists these ambiguous candidates in a help message.
These object names are now sorted according to their types for
easier eyeballing.

* "git fetch $there $refspec" that talks over protocol v2 can take
advantage of server-side ref filtering; the code has been extended
so that this mechanism triggers also when fetching with configured
refspec.

* Our HTTP client code used to advertise that we accept gzip encoding
from the other side; instead, just let cURL library to advertise
and negotiate the best one.

* "git p4" learned to "unshelve" shelved commit from P4.
(merge 123f631761 ld/p4-unshelve later to maint).


Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.

* A "git fetch" from a repository with insane number of refs into a
repository that is already up-to-date still wasted too many cycles
making many lstat(2) calls to see if these objects at the tips
exist as loose objects locally. These lstat(2) calls are optimized
away by enumerating all loose objects beforehand.
It is unknown if the new strategy negatively affects existing use
cases, fetching into a repository with many loose objects from a
repository with small number of refs.

* Git can be built to use either v1 or v2 of the PCRE library, and so
far, the build-time configuration USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease instructed
the build procedure to use v1, but now it means v2. USE_LIBPCRE1
and USE_LIBPCRE2 can be used to explicitly choose which version to
use, as before.

* The build procedure learned to optionally use symbolic links
(instead of hardlinks and copies) to install "git-foo" for built-in
commands, whose binaries are all identical.

* Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues.

* The way "git worktree prune" worked internally has been simplified,
by assuming how "git worktree move" moves an existing worktree to a
different place.

* Code clean-up for the "repository" abstraction.
(merge 00a3da2a13 nd/remove-ignore-env-field later to maint).

* Code to find the length to uniquely abbreviate object names based
on packfile content, which is a relatively recent addtion, has been
optimized to use the same fan-out table.

* The mechanism to use parse-options API to automate the command line
completion continues to get extended and polished.

* Copies of old scripted Porcelain commands in contrib/examples/ have
been removed.

* Some tests that rely on the exact hardcoded values of object names
have been updated in preparation for hash function migration.

* Perf-test update.

* Test helper update.

* The effort continues to refactor the internal global data structure
to make it possible to open multiple repositories, work with and
then close them,

* Small test-helper programs have been consolidated into a single
binary.

* API clean-up around ref-filter code.

* Shell completion (in contrib) that gives list of paths have been
optimized somewhat.

* The index file is updated to record the fsmonitor section after a
full scan was made, to avoid wasting the effort that has already
spent.

* Performance measuring framework in t/perf learned to help bisecting
performance regressions.

* Some multi-word source filenames are being renamed to separate
words with dashes instead of underscores.

* An reusable "memory pool" implementation has been extracted from
fast-import.c, which in turn has become the first user of the
mem-pool API.

* A build-time option has been added to allow Git to be told to refer
to its associated files relative to the main binary, in the same
way that has been possible on Windows for quite some time, for
Linux, BSDs and Darwin.

* Precompute and store information necessary for ancestry traversal
in a separate file to optimize graph walking.

* The effort to pass the repository in-core structure throughout the
API continues. This round deals with the code that implements the
refs/replace/ mechanism.

* The build procedure "make DEVELOPER=YesPlease" learned to enable a
bit more warning options depending on the compiler used to help
developers more. There also is "make DEVOPTS=tokens" knob
available now, for those who want to help fixing warnings we
usually ignore, for example.

* A new version of the transport protocol is being worked on.

* The code to interface to GPG has been restructured somewhat to make
it cleaner to integrate with other types of signature systems later.

* The code has been taught to use the duplicated information stored
in the commit-graph file to learn the tree object name for a commit
to avoid opening and parsing the commit object when it makes sense
to do so.

* "git gc" in a large repository takes a lot of time as it considers
to repack all objects into one pack by default. The command has
been taught to pretend as if the largest existing packfile is
marked with ".keep" so that it is left untouched while objects in
other packs and loose ones are repacked.

* The transport protocol v2 is getting updated further.

* The codepath around object-info API has been taught to take the
repository object (which in turn tells the API which object store
the objects are to be located).

* "git pack-objects" needs to allocate tons of "struct object_entry"
while doing its work, and shrinking its size helps the performance
quite a bit.

* The implementation of "git rebase -i --root" has been updated to use
the sequencer machinery more.

* Developer support update, by using BUG() macro instead of die() to
mark codepaths that should not happen more clearly.

* Developer support. Use newer GCC on one of the builds done at
TravisCI.org to get more warnings and errors diagnosed.

* Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues.

* By code restructuring of submodule merge in merge-recursive,
informational messages from the codepath are now given using the
same mechanism as other output, and honor the merge.verbosity
configuration. The code also learned to give a few new messages
when a submodule three-way merge resolves cleanly when one side
records a descendant of the commit chosen by the other side.

* Avoid unchecked snprintf() to make future code auditing easier.
(merge ac4896f007 jk/snprintf-truncation later to maint).

* Many tests hardcode the raw object names, which would change once
we migrate away from SHA-1. While some of them must test against
exact object names, most of them do not have to use hardcoded
constants in the test. The latter kind of tests have been updated
to test the moral equivalent of the original without hardcoding the
actual object names.

* The list of commands with their various attributes were spread
across a few places in the build procedure, but it now is getting a
bit more consolidated to allow more automation.

* Quite a many tests assumed that newly created refs are made as
loose refs using the files backend, which have been updated to use
proper plumbing like rev-parse and update-ref, to avoid breakage
once we start using different ref backends.


Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.


Fixes since v2.17
-----------------

* "git shortlog cruft" aborted with a BUG message when run outside a
Git repository. The command has been taught to complain about
extra and unwanted arguments on its command line instead in such a
case.
(merge 4aa0161e83 ma/shortlog-revparse later to maint).

* "git stash push -u -- <pathspec>" gave an unnecessary and confusing
error message when there was no tracked files that match the
<pathspec>, which has been fixed.
(merge 353278687e tg/stash-untracked-with-pathspec-fix later to maint).

* "git tag --contains no-such-commit" gave a full list of options
after giving an error message.
(merge 3bb0923f06 ps/contains-id-error-message later to maint).

* "diff-highlight" filter (in contrib/) learned to understand "git log
--graph" output better.
(merge 4551fbba14 jk/diff-highlight-graph-fix later to maint).

* when refs that do not point at committish are given, "git
filter-branch" gave a misleading error messages. This has been
corrected.
(merge f78ab355e7 yk/filter-branch-non-committish-refs later to maint).

* "git submodule status" misbehaved on a submodule that has been
removed from the working tree.
(merge 74b6bda32f rs/status-with-removed-submodule later to maint).

* When credential helper exits very quickly without reading its
input, it used to cause Git to die with SIGPIPE, which has been
fixed.
(merge a0d51e8d0e eb/cred-helper-ignore-sigpipe later to maint).

* "git rebase --keep-empty" still removed an empty commit if the
other side contained an empty commit (due to the "does an
equivalent patch exist already?" check), which has been corrected.
(merge 3d946165e1 pw/rebase-keep-empty-fixes later to maint).

* Some codepaths, including the refs API, get and keep relative
paths, that go out of sync when the process does chdir(2). The
chdir-notify API is introduced to let these codepaths adjust these
cached paths to the new current directory.
(merge fb9c2d2703 jk/relative-directory-fix later to maint).

* "cd sub/dir && git commit ../path" ought to record the changes to
the file "sub/path", but this regressed long time ago.
(merge 86238e07ef bw/commit-partial-from-subdirectory-fix later to maint).

* Recent introduction of "--log-destination" option to "git daemon"
did not work well when the daemon was run under "--inetd" mode.
(merge e67d906d73 lw/daemon-log-destination later to maint).

* Small fix to the autoconf build procedure.
(merge 249482daf0 es/fread-reads-dir-autoconf-fix later to maint).

* Fix an unexploitable (because the oversized contents are not under
attacker's control) buffer overflow.
(merge d8579accfa bp/fsmonitor-bufsize-fix later to maint).

* Recent simplification of build procedure forgot a bit of tweak to
the build procedure of contrib/mw-to-git/
(merge d8698987f3 ab/simplify-perl-makefile later to maint).

* Moving a submodule that itself has submodule in it with "git mv"
forgot to make necessary adjustment to the nested sub-submodules;
now the codepath learned to recurse into the submodules.

* "git config --unset a.b", when "a.b" is the last variable in an
otherwise empty section "a", left an empty section "a" behind, and
worse yet, a subsequent "git config a.c value" did not reuse that
empty shell and instead created a new one. These have been
(partially) corrected.
(merge c71d8bb38a js/empty-config-section-fix later to maint).

* "git worktree remove" learned that "-f" is a shorthand for
"--force" option, just like for "git worktree add".
(merge d228eea514 sb/worktree-remove-opt-force later to maint).

* The completion script (in contrib/) learned to clear cached list of
command line options upon dot-sourcing it again in a more efficient
way.
(merge 94408dc71c sg/completion-clear-cached later to maint).

* "git svn" had a minor thinko/typo which has been fixed.
(merge 51db271587 ab/git-svn-get-record-typofix later to maint).

* During a "rebase -i" session, the code could give older timestamp
to commits created by later "pick" than an earlier "reword", which
has been corrected.
(merge 12f7babd6b js/ident-date-fix later to maint).

* "git submodule status" did not check the symbolic revision name it
computed for the submodule HEAD is not the NULL, and threw it at
printf routines, which has been corrected.
(merge 0b5e2ea7cf nd/submodule-status-fix later to maint).

* When fed input that already has In-Reply-To: and/or References:
headers and told to add the same information, "git send-email"
added these headers separately, instead of appending to an existing
one, which is a violation of the RFC. This has been corrected.
(merge 256be1d3f0 sa/send-email-dedup-some-headers later to maint).

* "git fast-export" had a regression in v2.15.0 era where it skipped
some merge commits in certain cases, which has been corrected.
(merge be011bbe00 ma/fast-export-skip-merge-fix later to maint).

* The code did not propagate the terminal width to subprocesses via
COLUMNS environment variable, which it now does. This caused
trouble to "git column" helper subprocess when "git tag --column=row"
tried to list the existing tags on a display with non-default width.
(merge b5d5a567fb nd/term-columns later to maint).

* We learned that our source files with ".pl" and ".py" extensions
are Perl and Python files respectively and changes to them are
better viewed as such with appropriate diff drivers.
(merge 7818b619e2 ab/perl-python-attrs later to maint).

* "git rebase -i" sometimes left intermediate "# This is a
combination of N commits" message meant for the human consumption
inside an editor in the final result in certain corner cases, which
has been fixed.
(merge 15ef69314d js/rebase-i-clean-msg-after-fixup-continue later to maint).

* A test to see if the filesystem normalizes UTF-8 filename has been
updated to check what we need to know in a more direct way, i.e. a
path created in NFC form can be accessed with NFD form (or vice
versa) to cope with APFS as well as HFS.
(merge 742ae10e35 tb/test-apfs-utf8-normalization later to maint).

* "git format-patch --cover --attach" created a broken MIME multipart
message for the cover letter, which has been fixed by keeping the
cover letter as plain text file.
(merge 50cd54ef4e bc/format-patch-cover-no-attach later to maint).

* The split-index feature had a long-standing and dormant bug in
certain use of the in-core merge machinery, which has been fixed.
(merge 7db118303a en/unpack-trees-split-index-fix later to maint).

* Asciidoctor gives a reasonable imitation for AsciiDoc, but does not
render illustration in a literal block correctly when indented with
HT by default. The problem is fixed by forcing 8-space tabs.
(merge 379805051d bc/asciidoctor-tab-width later to maint).

* Code clean-up to adjust to a more recent lockfile API convention that
allows lockfile instances kept on the stack.
(merge 0fa5a2ed8d ma/lockfile-cleanup later to maint).

* the_repository->index is not a allocated piece of memory but
repo_clear() indiscriminately attempted to free(3) it, which has
been corrected.
(merge 74373b5f10 nd/repo-clear-keep-the-index later to maint).

* Code clean-up to avoid non-standard-conformant pointer arithmetic.
(merge c112084af9 rs/no-null-ptr-arith-in-fast-export later to maint).

* Code clean-up to turn history traversal more robust in a
semi-corrupt repository.
(merge 8702b30fd7 jk/unavailable-can-be-missing later to maint).

* "git update-ref A B" is supposed to ensure that ref A does not yet
exist when B is a NULL OID, but this check was not done correctly
for pseudo-refs outside refs/ hierarchy, e.g. MERGE_HEAD.

* "git submodule update" and "git submodule add" supported the
"--reference" option to borrow objects from a neighbouring local
repository like "git clone" does, but lacked the more recent
invention "--dissociate". Also "git submodule add" has been taught
to take the "--progress" option.
(merge a0ef29341a cf/submodule-progress-dissociate later to maint).

* Update credential-netrc helper (in contrib/) to allow customizing
the GPG used to decrypt the encrypted .netrc file.
(merge 786ef50a23 lm/credential-netrc later to maint).

* "git submodule update" attempts two different kinds of "git fetch"
against the upstream repository to grab a commit bound at the
submodule's path, but it incorrectly gave up if the first kind
(i.e. a normal fetch) failed, making the second "last resort" one
(i.e. fetching an exact commit object by object name) ineffective.
This has been corrected.
(merge e30d833671 sb/submodule-update-try-harder later to maint).

* Error behaviour of "git grep" when it cannot read the index was
inconsistent with other commands that uses the index, which has
been corrected to error out early.
(merge b2aa84c789 sb/grep-die-on-unreadable-index later to maint).

* We used to call regfree() after regcomp() failed in some codepaths,
which have been corrected.
(merge 17154b1576 ma/regex-no-regfree-after-comp-fail later to maint).

* The import-tars script (in contrib/) has been taught to handle
tarballs with overly long paths that use PAX extended headers.
(merge 12ecea46e3 pa/import-tars-long-names later to maint).

* "git rev-parse Y..." etc. misbehaved when given endpoints were
not committishes.
(merge 0ed556d38f en/rev-parse-invalid-range later to maint).

* "git pull --recurse-submodules --rebase", when the submodule
repository's history did not have anything common between ours and
the upstream's, failed to execute. We need to fetch from them to
continue even in such a case.
(merge 4d36f88be7 jt/submodule-pull-recurse-rebase later to maint).

* "git remote update" can take both a single remote nickname and a
nickname for remote groups, but only one of them was documented.
(merge a97447a42a nd/remote-update-doc later to maint).

* "index-pack --strict" has been taught to make sure that it runs the
final object integrity checks after making the freshly indexed
packfile available to itself.
(merge 3737746120 jk/index-pack-maint later to maint).

* Make zlib inflate codepath more robust against versions of zlib
that clobber unused portion of outbuf.
(merge b611396e97 jl/zlib-restore-nul-termination later to maint).

* Fix old merge glitch in Documentation during v2.13-rc0 era.
(merge 28cb06020b mw/doc-merge-enumfix later to maint).

* The code to read compressed bitmap was not careful to avoid reading
past the end of the file, which has been corrected.
(merge 1140bf01ec jk/ewah-bounds-check later to maint).

* "make NO_ICONV=NoThanks" did not override NEEDS_LIBICONV
(i.e. linkage of -lintl, -liconv, etc. that are platform-specific
tweaks), which has been corrected.
(merge fdb1fbbc7d es/make-no-iconv later to maint).

* Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
(merge 248f66ed8e nd/trace-with-env later to maint).
(merge 14ced5562c ys/bisect-object-id-missing-conversion-fix later to maint).
(merge 5988eb631a ab/doc-hash-brokenness later to maint).
(merge a4d4e32a70 pk/test-avoid-pipe-hiding-exit-status later to maint).
(merge 05e293c1ac jk/flockfile-stdio later to maint).
(merge e9184b0789 jk/t5561-missing-curl later to maint).
(merge b1801b85a3 nd/worktree-move later to maint).
(merge bbd374dd20 ak/bisect-doc-typofix later to maint).
(merge 4855f06fb3 mn/send-email-credential-doc later to maint).
(merge 8523b1e355 en/doc-typoes later to maint).
(merge 43b44ccfe7 js/t5404-path-fix later to maint).
(merge decf711fc1 ps/test-chmtime-get later to maint).
(merge 22d11a6e8e es/worktree-docs later to maint).
(merge 92a5dbbc22 tg/use-git-contacts later to maint).
(merge adc887221f tq/t1510 later to maint).
(merge bed21a8ad6 sg/doc-gc-quote-mismatch-fix later to maint).
(merge 73364e4f10 tz/doc-git-urls-reference later to maint).
(merge cd1e606bad bc/mailmap-self later to maint).
(merge f7997e3682 ao/config-api-doc later to maint).
(merge ee930754d8 jk/apply-p-doc later to maint).
(merge 011b648646 nd/pack-format-doc later to maint).
(merge 87a6bb701a sg/t5310-jgit-bitmap-test later to maint).
(merge f6b82970aa sg/t5516-fixes later to maint).
(merge 4362da078e sg/t7005-spaces-in-filenames-cleanup later to maint).
(merge 7d0ee47c11 js/test-unset-prereq later to maint).
(merge 5356a3c354 ah/misc-doc-updates later to maint).
(merge 92c4a7a129 nd/completion-aliasfiletype-typofix later to maint).
(merge 58bd77b66a nd/pack-unreachable-objects-doc later to maint).
(merge 4ed79d5203 sg/t6500-no-redirect-of-stdin later to maint).
(merge 17b8a2d6cd jk/config-blob-sans-repo later to maint).
(merge 590551ca2c rd/tag-doc-lightweight later to maint).
(merge 44f560fc16 rd/init-typo later to maint).
(merge f156a0934a rd/p4-doc-markup-env later to maint).
(merge 2a00502b14 tg/doc-sec-list later to maint).
(merge 47cc91310a jk/submodule-fsck-loose-fixup later to maint).
(merge efde7b725c rd/comment-typofix-in-sha1-file later to maint).
(merge 7eedad15df rd/diff-options-typofix later to maint).
(merge 58ebd936cc km/doc-workflows-typofix later to maint).
(merge 30aa96cdf8 rd/doc-remote-tracking-with-hyphen later to maint).
(merge cf317877e3 ks/branch-set-upstream later to maint).
(merge 8de19d6be8 sg/t7406-chain-fix later to maint).

----------------------------------------------------------------

Changes since v2.17.0 are as follows:

Alexander Shopov (2):
l10n: bg.po: Updated Bulgarian translation (3608t)
l10n: bg.po: Updated Bulgarian translation (3608t)

Anders Kaseorg (1):
Documentation/git-bisect.txt: git bisect term â git bisect terms

Andre Hinrichs (1):
l10n: de.po: fix typos

Andreas Heiduk (9):
git-svn: search --authors-prog in PATH too
git-svn: allow empty email-address using authors-prog and authors-file
doc: improve formatting in githooks.txt
doc: align 'diff --no-index' in text and synopsis
doc: clarify ignore rules for git ls-files
doc: add '-d' and '-o' for 'git push'
git-svn: remove ''--add-author-from' for 'commit-diff'
doc: add note about shell quoting to revision.txt
doc: normalize [--options] to [options] in git-diff

Antonio Ospite (1):
doc: fix config API documentation about config_with_options

Beat Bolli (1):
git-gui: search for all current SSH key types

Ben Peart (7):
fsmonitor: fix incorrect buffer size when printing version number
fsmonitor: force index write after full scan
test-drop-caches: simplify delay loading of NtSetSystemInformation
merge: update documentation for {merge,diff}.renameLimit
merge: add merge.renames config setting
merge: pass aggressive when rename detection is turned off
add status config and command line options for rename detection

Bill Ritcher (1):
mergetools: add support for guiffy

Birger Skogeng Pedersen (1):
git-gui: bind CTRL/CMD+numpad ENTER to do_commit

Brandon Williams (79):
pkt-line: introduce packet_read_with_status
pkt-line: allow peeking a packet line without consuming it
pkt-line: add delim packet support
upload-pack: convert to a builtin
upload-pack: factor out processing lines
transport: use get_refs_via_connect to get refs
connect: convert get_remote_heads to use struct packet_reader
connect: discover protocol version outside of get_remote_heads
transport: store protocol version
protocol: introduce enum protocol_version value protocol_v2
test-pkt-line: introduce a packet-line test helper
serve: introduce git-serve
ls-refs: introduce ls-refs server command
connect: request remote refs using v2
transport: convert get_refs_list to take a list of ref prefixes
transport: convert transport_get_remote_refs to take a list of ref prefixes
ls-remote: pass ref prefixes when requesting a remote's refs
fetch: pass ref prefixes when fetching
push: pass ref prefixes when pushing
upload-pack: introduce fetch server command
fetch-pack: perform a fetch using v2
fetch-pack: support shallow requests
connect: refactor git_connect to only get the protocol version once
connect: don't request v2 when pushing
transport-helper: remove name parameter
transport-helper: refactor process_connect_service
transport-helper: introduce stateless-connect
pkt-line: add packet_buf_write_len function
remote-curl: create copy of the service name
remote-curl: store the protocol version the server responded with
http: allow providing extra headers for http requests
http: don't always add Git-Protocol header
http: eliminate "# service" line when using protocol v2
remote-curl: implement stateless-connect command
remote-curl: don't request v2 when pushing
commit: allow partial commits with relative paths
serve: introduce the server-option capability
ls-remote: send server options when using protocol v2
fetch: send server options when using protocol v2
refspec: move refspec parsing logic into its own file
refspec: rename struct refspec to struct refspec_item
refspec: factor out parsing a single refspec
refspec: introduce struct refspec
refspec: convert valid_fetch_refspec to use parse_refspec
submodule--helper: convert push_check to use struct refspec
pull: convert get_tracking_branch to use refspec_item_init
transport: convert transport_push to use struct refspec
remote: convert check_push_refs to use struct refspec
remote: convert match_push_refs to use struct refspec
clone: convert cmd_clone to use refspec_item_init
fast-export: convert to use struct refspec
remote: convert push refspecs to struct refspec
remote: convert fetch refspecs to struct refspec
remote: remove add_prune_tags_to_fetch_refspec
transport-helper: convert to use struct refspec
fetch: convert fetch_one to use struct refspec
fetch: convert refmap to use struct refspec
refspec: remove the deprecated functions
fetch: convert do_fetch to take a struct refspec
fetch: convert get_ref_map to take a struct refspec
fetch: convert prune_refs to take a struct refspec
remote: convert get_stale_heads to take a struct refspec
remote: convert apply_refspecs to take a struct refspec
remote: convert query_refspecs to take a struct refspec
remote: convert get_ref_match to take a struct refspec
remote: convert match_explicit_refs to take a struct refspec
push: check for errors earlier
push: convert to use struct refspec
transport: convert transport_push to take a struct refspec
send-pack: store refspecs in a struct refspec
transport: remove transport_verify_remote_names
http-push: store refspecs in a struct refspec
remote: convert match_push_refs to take a struct refspec
remote: convert check_push_refs to take a struct refspec
submodule: convert push_unpushed_submodules to take a struct refspec
refspec: consolidate ref-prefix generation logic
fetch: generate ref-prefixes when using a configured refspec
remote-curl: accept all encodings supported by curl
remote-curl: accept compressed responses with protocol v2

Casey Fitzpatrick (3):
submodule: clean up substitutions in script
submodule: add --progress option to add command
submodule: add --dissociate option to add/update commands

Changwoo Ryu (1):
l10n: ko.po: Update Korean translation

Christian Couder (7):
perf/aggregate: add display_dir()
perf/aggregate: add --sort-by=regression option
perf/run: add --subsection option
t/perf: add scripts to bisect performance regressions
perf/aggregate: use Getopt::Long for option parsing
perf/bisect_run_script: disable codespeed
t990X: use '.git/objects' as 'deep inside .git' path

Christian Hesse (2):
perl: fix installing modules from contrib
Makefile: mark perllibdir as a .PHONY target

Christopher Diaz Riveros (3):
l10n: es.po: Spanish update for v2.18.0 round 1
l10n: es.po: Spanish update for v2.18.0 round 2
l10n: es.po: Spanish update for v2.18.0 round 3

Clemens Buchacher (2):
git-gui: workaround ttk:style theme use
completion: improve ls-files filter performance

Dan Jacques (3):
Makefile: generate Perl header from template file
Makefile: add Perl runtime prefix support
exec_cmd: RUNTIME_PREFIX on some POSIX systems

David Turner (1):
t: make many tests depend less on the refs being files

Derrick Stolee (20):
packfile: define and use bsearch_pack()
sha1_name: use bsearch_pack() for abbreviations
csum-file: rename hashclose() to finalize_hashfile()
csum-file: refactor finalize_hashfile() method
commit-graph: add format document
graph: add commit graph design document
commit-graph: create git-commit-graph builtin
commit-graph: implement write_commit_graph()
commit-graph: implement git-commit-graph write
commit-graph: implement git commit-graph read
commit-graph: add core.commitGraph setting
commit-graph: close under reachability
commit: integrate commit graph with commit parsing
commit-graph: read only from specific pack-indexes
commit-graph: build graph from starting commits
commit-graph: implement "--append" option
treewide: rename tree to maybe_tree
commit: create get_commit_tree() method
treewide: replace maybe_tree with accessor methods
commit-graph: lazy-load trees for commits

Drew DeVault (1):
git-send-email: allow re-editing of message

Eckhard S. Maaà (1):
wt-status: use settings from git_diff_ui_config

Elijah Newren (73):
directory rename detection: basic testcases
directory rename detection: directory splitting testcases
directory rename detection: testcases to avoid taking detection too far
directory rename detection: partially renamed directory testcase/discussion
directory rename detection: files/directories in the way of some renames
directory rename detection: testcases checking which side did the rename
directory rename detection: more involved edge/corner testcases
directory rename detection: testcases exploring possibly suboptimal merges
directory rename detection: miscellaneous testcases to complete coverage
directory rename detection: tests for handling overwriting untracked files
directory rename detection: tests for handling overwriting dirty files
merge-recursive: move the get_renames() function
merge-recursive: introduce new functions to handle rename logic
merge-recursive: fix leaks of allocated renames and diff_filepairs
merge-recursive: make !o->detect_rename codepath more obvious
merge-recursive: split out code for determining diff_filepairs
merge-recursive: make a helper function for cleanup for handle_renames
merge-recursive: add get_directory_renames()
merge-recursive: check for directory level conflicts
merge-recursive: add computation of collisions due to dir rename & merging
merge-recursive: check for file level conflicts then get new name
merge-recursive: when comparing files, don't include trees
merge-recursive: apply necessary modifications for directory renames
merge-recursive: avoid clobbering untracked files with directory renames
merge-recursive: fix overwriting dirty files involved in renames
merge-recursive: fix remaining directory rename + dirty overwrite cases
directory rename detection: new testcases showcasing a pair of bugs
merge-recursive: avoid spurious rename/rename conflict from dir renames
merge-recursive: ensure we write updates for directory-renamed file
Documentation: fix several one-character-off spelling errors
Documentation: normalize spelling of 'normalised'
directory rename detection: basic testcases
directory rename detection: directory splitting testcases
directory rename detection: testcases to avoid taking detection too far
directory rename detection: partially renamed directory testcase/discussion
directory rename detection: files/directories in the way of some renames
directory rename detection: testcases checking which side did the rename
directory rename detection: more involved edge/corner testcases
directory rename detection: testcases exploring possibly suboptimal merges
directory rename detection: miscellaneous testcases to complete coverage
directory rename detection: tests for handling overwriting untracked files
directory rename detection: tests for handling overwriting dirty files
merge-recursive: move the get_renames() function
merge-recursive: introduce new functions to handle rename logic
merge-recursive: fix leaks of allocated renames and diff_filepairs
merge-recursive: make !o->detect_rename codepath more obvious
merge-recursive: split out code for determining diff_filepairs
merge-recursive: make a helper function for cleanup for handle_renames
Make running git under other debugger-like programs easy
unpack_trees: fix breakage when o->src_index != o->dst_index
merge-recursive: add get_directory_renames()
merge-recursive: check for directory level conflicts
merge-recursive: add computation of collisions due to dir rename & merging
merge-recursive: check for file level conflicts then get new name
merge-recursive: when comparing files, don't include trees
merge-recursive: apply necessary modifications for directory renames
merge-recursive: avoid clobbering untracked files with directory renames
merge-recursive: fix overwriting dirty files involved in renames
merge-recursive: fix remaining directory rename + dirty overwrite cases
directory rename detection: new testcases showcasing a pair of bugs
merge-recursive: avoid spurious rename/rename conflict from dir renames
merge-recursive: improve add_cacheinfo error handling
merge-recursive: move more is_dirty handling to merge_content
merge-recursive: avoid triggering add_cacheinfo error with dirty mod
t6046: testcases checking whether updates can be skipped in a merge
merge-recursive: fix was_tracked() to quit lying with some renamed paths
merge-recursive: fix remainder of was_dirty() to use original index
merge-recursive: make "Auto-merging" comment show for other merges
merge-recursive: fix check for skipability of working tree updates
merge-recursive: provide pair of `unpack_trees_{start,finish}()`
rev-parse: check lookup'ed commit references for NULL
RelNotes: remove duplicate release note
RelNotes 2.18: clarify where directory rename detection applies

Eric Sunshine (6):
t3200: verify "branch --list" sanity when rebasing from detached HEAD
t2028: tighten grep expression to make "move worktree" test more robust
git-worktree.txt: recommend 'git worktree remove' over manual deletion
git-worktree.txt: unify command-line prompt in example blocks
configure.ac: fix botched FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES check
Makefile: make NO_ICONV really mean "no iconv"

Erik E Brady (1):
credential: ignore SIGPIPE when writing to credential helpers

Florian GambÃck (1):
completion: load completion file for external subcommand

Harald Nordgren (1):
ls-remote: create '--sort' option

Jameson Miller (3):
fast-import: rename mem_pool type to mp_block
fast-import: introduce mem_pool type
mem-pool: move reusable parts of memory pool into its own file

Jean-NoÃl Avila (2):
l10n: fr.po v2.18 round 1
l10n: fr.po v2.18.0 round 3

Jeff King (60):
diff-highlight: correct test graph diagram
diff-highlight: use test_tick in graph test
diff-highlight: prefer "echo" to "cat" in tests
diff-highlight: test interleaved parallel lines of history
diff-highlight: test graphs with --color
diff-highlight: use flush() helper consistently
diff-highlight: detect --graph by indent
set_git_dir: die when setenv() fails
add chdir-notify API
set_work_tree: use chdir_notify
refs: use chdir_notify to update cached relative paths
config: move flockfile() closer to unlocked functions
t5561: drop curl stderr redirects
t5561: skip tests if curl is not available
ref-filter: use "struct object_id" consistently
ref-filter: make ref_array_item allocation more consistent
ref-filter: factor ref_array pushing into its own function
t7004: fix mistaken tag name
gpg-interface: handle bool user.signingkey
gpg-interface: modernize function declarations
gpg-interface: use size_t for signature buffer size
gpg-interface: fix const-correctness of "eol" pointer
gpg-interface: extract gpg line matching helper
gpg-interface: find the last gpg signature line
apply: clarify "-p" documentation
pager: set COLUMNS to term_columns()
mark_tree_contents_uninteresting(): drop missing object check
mark_parents_uninteresting(): drop missing object check
mark_parents_uninteresting(): replace list with stack
mark_parents_uninteresting(): avoid most allocation
get_main_ref_store: BUG() when outside a repository
config: die when --blob is used outside a repository
http: use strbufs instead of fixed buffers
log_write_email_headers: use strbufs
shorten_unambiguous_ref: use xsnprintf
fmt_with_err: add a comment that truncation is OK
submodule-config: verify submodule names as paths
is_ntfs_dotgit: use a size_t for traversing string
is_hfs_dotgit: match other .git files
skip_prefix: add case-insensitive variant
verify_path: drop clever fallthrough
verify_dotfile: mention case-insensitivity in comment
update-index: stat updated files earlier
verify_path: disallow symlinks in .gitmodules
index-pack: make fsck error message more specific
fsck: simplify ".git" check
fsck: actually fsck blob data
fsck: detect gitmodules files
fsck: handle promisor objects in .gitmodules check
fsck: check .gitmodules content
fsck: call fsck_finish() after fscking objects
unpack-objects: call fsck_finish() after fscking objects
index-pack: check .gitmodules files with --strict
fsck: complain when .gitmodules is a symlink
prepare_commit_graft: treat non-repository as a noop
index-pack: handle --strict checks of non-repo packs
t7415: don't bother creating commit for symlink test
fsck: avoid looking at NULL blob->object
ewah_read_mmap: bounds-check mmap reads
ewah: adjust callers of ewah_read_mmap()

Jeremy Linton (1):
packfile: correct zlib buffer handling

Jiang Xin (4):
l10n: git.pot: v2.18.0 round 1 (108 new, 14 removed)
l10n: git.pot: v2.18.0 round 2 (144 new, 6 removed)
l10n: git.pot: v2.18.0 round 3 (1 new, 1 removed)
l10n: zh_CN: for git v2.18.0 l10n round 1 to 3

Johannes Schindelin (69):
git_config_set: fix off-by-two
t1300: rename it to reflect that `repo-config` was deprecated
t1300: demonstrate that --replace-all can "invent" newlines
config --replace-all: avoid extra line breaks
t1300: avoid relying on a bug
t1300: remove unreasonable expectation from TODO
t5404: relax overzealous test
t1300: add a few more hairy examples of sections becoming empty
t1300: `--unset-all` can leave an empty section behind (bug)
config: introduce an optional event stream while parsing
config: avoid using the global variable `store`
config_set_store: rename some fields for consistency
git_config_set: do not use a state machine
git_config_set: make use of the config parser's event stream
git config --unset: remove empty sections (in the common case)
git_config_set: reuse empty sections
exec_cmd: provide a new-style RUNTIME_PREFIX helper for Windows
mingw/msvc: use the new-style RUNTIME_PREFIX helper
color: introduce support for colorizing stderr
push: test to verify that push errors are colored
config: document the settings to colorize push errors/hints
gettext: avoid initialization if the locale dir is not present
git_setup_gettext: plug memory leak
sequencer: avoid using errno clobbered by rollback_lock_file()
sequencer: make rearrange_squash() a bit more obvious
sequencer: refactor how original todo list lines are accessed
sequencer: offer helpful advice when a command was rescheduled
sequencer: introduce new commands to reset the revision
sequencer: introduce the `merge` command
sequencer: fast-forward `merge` commands, if possible
rebase-helper --make-script: introduce a flag to rebase merges
rebase: introduce the --rebase-merges option
sequencer: make refs generated by the `label` command worktree-local
sequencer: handle post-rewrite for merge commands
rebase --rebase-merges: avoid "empty merges"
pull: accept --rebase=merges to recreate the branch topology
rebase -i: introduce --rebase-merges=[no-]rebase-cousins
rebase -i --rebase-merges: add a section to the man page
argv_array: offer to split a string by whitespace
commit: Let the callback of for_each_mergetag return on error
replace: avoid using die() to indicate a bug
tests: introduce test_unset_prereq, for debugging
replace: "libify" create_graft() and callees
replace: prepare create_graft() for converting graft files wholesale
replace: introduce --convert-graft-file
Add a test for `git replace --convert-graft-file`
Deprecate support for .git/info/grafts
filter-branch: stop suggesting to use grafts
technical/shallow: stop referring to grafts
technical/shallow: describe why shallow cannot use replace refs
Remove obsolete script to convert grafts to replace refs
rebase -i: demonstrate bugs with fixup!/squash! commit messages
rebase -i: Handle "combination of <n> commits" with GETTEXT_POISON
sequencer: always commit without editing when asked for
rebase --skip: clean up commit message after a failed fixup/squash
sequencer: extract helper to update active_cache_tree
sequencer: allow introducing new root commits
rebase --rebase-merges: a "merge" into a new root is a fast-forward
sequencer: learn about the special "fake root commit" handling
rebase --rebase-merges: root commits can be cousins, too
rebase -i --root: let the sequencer handle even the initial part
test-tool: help verifying BUG() code paths
run-command: use BUG() to report bugs, not die()
Replace all die("BUG: ...") calls by BUG() ones
Convert remaining die*(BUG) messages
config: a user-provided invalid section is not a BUG
is_ntfs_dotgit: match other .git files
is_{hfs,ntfs}_dotgitmodules: add tests
rebase --root: fix amending root commit messages

Johannes Sixt (2):
sequencer: reset the committer date before commits
git: add -P as a short option for --no-pager

Jonathan Nieder (6):
sha1_file: allow map_sha1_file_1 to handle arbitrary repositories
sha1_file: allow sha1_loose_object_info to handle arbitrary repositories
Makefile: remove unused @@PERLLIBDIR@@ substitution variable
Makefile: quote $INSTLIBDIR when passing it to sed
packfile: add repository argument to packed_object_info
fetch: do not pass ref-prefixes for fetch by exact SHA1

Jonathan Tan (5):
grep: remove "repo" arg from non-supporting funcs
upload-pack: fix error message typo
upload-pack: read config when serving protocol v2
{fetch,upload}-pack: support filter in protocol v2
submodule: do not pass null OID to setup_revisions

Jordi Mas (1):
l10n: Update Catalan translation

Junio C Hamano (27):
stash: fix nonsense pipeline
The first batch for 2.18 cycle
The second batch for 2.18
The third batch for 2.18
Revert "Merge branch 'en/rename-directory-detection'"
gc: do not upcase error message shown with die()
parseopt: handle malformed --expire arguments more nicely
The fourth batch for 2.18
The fifth batch for 2.18
argv-array: return the pushed string from argv_push*()
Git 2.13.7
Git 2.14.4
Git 2.15.2
Git 2.16.4
Git 2.17.1
The sixth batch for 2.18
The seventh batch for 2.18
Git 2.18-rc0
refspec-api: avoid uninitialized field in refspec item
A bit more topics before -rc1
Git 2.18-rc1
RelNotes 2.18: typofixes
index-pack: correct install_packed_git() args
Git 2.18-rc2
A bunch of micro-fixes before going 2.18 final
Almost 2.18 final
Git 2.18

Kaartic Sivaraam (2):
branch --list: print useful info whilst interactive rebasing a detached HEAD
t3200: clarify description of --set-upstream test

Karthikeyan Singaravelan (1):
doc: fix typos in documentation and release notes

Kyle Meyer (1):
gitworkflows: fix grammar in 'Merge upwards' rule

Lars Schneider (10):
strbuf: remove unnecessary NUL assignment in xstrdup_tolower()
strbuf: add xstrdup_toupper()
strbuf: add a case insensitive starts_with()
utf8: teach same_encoding() alternative UTF encoding names
utf8: add function to detect prohibited UTF-16/32 BOM
utf8: add function to detect a missing UTF-16/32 BOM
convert: add 'working-tree-encoding' attribute
convert: check for detectable errors in UTF encodings
convert: add tracing for 'working-tree-encoding' attribute
convert: add round trip check based on 'core.checkRoundtripEncoding'

Leif Middelschulte (2):
merge-recursive: give notice when submodule commit gets fast-forwarded
merge-submodule: reduce output verbosity

Loganaden Velvindron (1):
http: allow use of TLS 1.3

Lucas Werkmeister (1):
daemon.c: fix condition for redirecting stderr

Luis Marsano (2):
git-credential-netrc: adapt to test framework for git
git-credential-netrc: accept gpg option

Luke Diamand (7):
git-p4: add unshelve command
git-p4: disable-rebase: allow setting this via configuration
git-p4: add option to disable syncing of p4/master with p4
git-p4: better error reporting when p4 fails
git-p4: raise exceptions from p4CmdList based on error from p4 server
git-p4: narrow the scope of exceptions caught when parsing an int
git-p4: auto-size the block

Martin Ãgren (24):
git-shortlog.txt: reorder usages
shortlog: add usage-string for stdin-reading
shortlog: disallow left-over arguments outside repo
doc: convert \--option to --option
doc: convert [\--] to [--]
git-[short]log.txt: unify quoted standalone --
git-submodule.txt: quote usage in monospace, drop backslash
fast-export: fix regression skipping some merge-commits
http-fetch: make `-a` standard behaviour
walker: drop fields of `struct walker` which are always 1
t/helper/test-write-cache: clean up lock-handling
refs.c: do not die if locking fails in `write_pseudoref()`
refs.c: do not die if locking fails in `delete_pseudoref()`
lock_file: make function-local locks non-static
lock_file: move static locks into functions
refs.c: refer to "object ID", not "sha1", in error messages
t1400: add tests around adding/deleting pseudorefs
refs: handle zero oid for pseudorefs
merge: setup `opts` later in `checkout_fast_forward()`
config: free resources of `struct config_store_data`
config: let `config_store_data_clear()` handle `value_regex`
config: let `config_store_data_clear()` handle `key`
regex: do not call `regfree()` if compilation fails
unpack_trees_options: free messages when done

Meng-Sung Wu (1):
doc: update the order of the syntax `git merge --continue`

Michal Nazarewicz (1):
send-email: simplify Gmail example in the documentation

Michele Locati (1):
filter-branch: return 2 when nothing to rewrite

Nguyán ThÃi Ngác Duy (108):
repository: initialize the_repository in main()
repository.c: move env-related setup code back to environment.c
repository.c: delete dead functions
sha1_file.c: move delayed getenv(altdb) back to setup_git_env()
repository: delete ignore_env member
gc.txt: more details about what gc does
worktree: delete dead code
worktree prune: improve prune logic when worktree is moved
repository.h: add comment and clarify repo_set_gitdir
git.c: move cmd_struct declaration up
git.c: add hidden option --list-parseopt-builtins
completion: mention the oldest version we need to support
completion: factor out _git_xxx calling code
completion: add --option completion for most builtin commands
completion: delete option-only completion commands
completion: use __gitcomp_builtin in _git_ls_tree
completion: use __gitcomp_builtin in _git_cherry
packfile: keep prepare_packed_git() private
t/helper: add an empty test-tool program
t/helper: merge test-chmtime into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-sha1 into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-lazy-init-name-hash into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-config into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-ctype into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-date into test-tool
t/helper: merge (unused) test-delta into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-drop-caches into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-dump-cache-tree into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-dump-split-index into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-example-decorate into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-genrandom into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-hashmap into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-index-version into test-tool
t/helper: merge (unused) test-match-trees into test-tool
t/helper: merge (unused) test-mergesort into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-mktemp into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-online-cpus into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-path-utils into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-prio-queue into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-read-cache into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-ref-store into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-regex into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-revision-walking into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-run-command into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-scrap-cache-tree into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-sha1-array into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-sigchain into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-strcmp-offset into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-string-list into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-submodule-config into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-subprocess into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-urlmatch-normalization into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-wildmatch into test-tool
t/helper: merge test-write-cache into test-tool
trace.c: export trace_setup_key
read-cache.c: make $GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX boolean
pack-objects: a bit of document about struct object_entry
pack-objects: turn type and in_pack_type to bitfields
pack-objects: use bitfield for object_entry::dfs_state
pack-objects: use bitfield for object_entry::depth
pack-objects: move in_pack_pos out of struct object_entry
pack-objects: move in_pack out of struct object_entry
pack-objects: refer to delta objects by index instead of pointer
pack-objects: shrink z_delta_size field in struct object_entry
pack-objects: don't check size when the object is bad
pack-objects: clarify the use of object_entry::size
pack-objects: shrink size field in struct object_entry
pack-objects: shrink delta_size field in struct object_entry
pack-objects: reorder members to shrink struct object_entry
ci: exercise the whole test suite with uncommon code in pack-objects
t7700: have closing quote of a test at the beginning of line
repack: add --keep-pack option
gc: add --keep-largest-pack option
gc: add gc.bigPackThreshold config
gc: handle a corner case in gc.bigPackThreshold
gc --auto: exclude base pack if not enough mem to "repack -ad"
pack-objects: show some progress when counting kept objects
connect.c: mark die_initial_contact() NORETURN
Makefile: detect compiler and enable more warnings in DEVELOPER=1
submodule--helper: don't print null in 'submodule status'
doc: keep first level section header in upper case
pack-objects: validation and documentation about unreachable options
completion: fix misspelled config key aliasesfiletype
repository: fix free problem with repo_clear(the_repository)
generate-cmds.sh: factor out synopsis extract code
generate-cmds.sh: export all commands to command-list.h
help: use command-list.h for common command list
Remove common-cmds.h
pack-format.txt: more details on pack file format
column: fix off-by-one default width
commit.h: rearrange 'index' to shrink struct commit
git.c: convert --list-* to --list-cmds=*
git --list-cmds: collect command list in a string_list
completion: implement and use --list-cmds=main,others
git: support --list-cmds=list-<category>
help: add "-a --verbose" to list all commands with synopsis
help: use command-list.txt for the source of guides
command-list.txt: documentation and guide line
completion: let git provide the completable command list
completion: reduce completable command list
Move declaration for alias.c to alias.h
completion: add and use --list-cmds=nohelpers
completion: add and use --list-cmds=alias
completion: allow to customize the completable command list
travis-ci: run gcc-8 on linux-gcc jobs
Use OPT_SET_INT_F() for cmdline option specification
remote.txt: update documentation for 'update' command
remote: doc typofix

Olga Telezhnaya (6):
ref-filter: add shortcut to work with strbufs
ref-filter: start adding strbufs with errors
ref-filter: add return value && strbuf to handlers
ref-filter: change parsing function error handling
ref-filter: add return value to parsers
ref-filter: libify get_ref_atom_value()

Orgad Shaneh (1):
git-rebase--interactive: fix copy-paste mistake

Paul-Sebastian Ungureanu (2):
parse-options: do not show usage upon invalid option value
t/helper: 'test-chmtime (--get|-g)' to print only the mtime

Pedro Alvarez Piedehierro (1):
import-tars: read overlong names from pax extended header

Peter Krefting (2):
l10n: sv.po: Update Swedish translation (3470t0f0u)
l10n: sv.po: Update Swedish translation (3608t0f0u)

Philip Oakley (1):
Avoid multiple PREFIX definitions

Phillip Wood (7):
rebase --root: stop assuming squash_onto is unset
rebase -i --keep-empty: don't prune empty commits
rebase: respect --no-keep-empty
rebase: extend --signoff support
rebase -p: error out if --signoff is given
rebase --keep-empty: always use interactive rebase
rebase --rebase-merges: add test for --keep-empty

Pratik Karki (1):
test: avoid pipes in git related commands for test

Ralf Thielow (1):
l10n: TEAMS: remove inactive de team members

Ramsay Jones (1):
BUG_exit_code: fix sparse "symbol not declared" warning

Renà Scharfe (11):
sha1_name: use bsearch_pack() in unique_in_pack()
bisect: use oid_to_hex() for converting object_id hashes to hex strings
run-command: use strbuf_addstr() for adding a string to a strbuf
submodule: check for NULL return of get_submodule_ref_store()
replace_object: use oidmap
fast-export: avoid NULL pointer arithmetic
t5512: run git fetch inside test
fsmonitor: use internal argv_array of struct child_process
merge-recursive: use xstrdup() instead of fixed buffer
blame: release string_list after use in parse_color_fields()
merge-recursive: use xstrdup() instead of fixed buffer

Robert P. J. Day (7):
Use proper syntax for replaceables in command docs
tag: clarify in the doc that a tag can refer to a non-commit object
init: fix grammar in "templates not found" msg
p4.txt: Use backquotes for variable names
sha1-file.c: correct $GITDIR to $GIT_DIR in a comment
diff-options.txt: fix minor typos, font inconsistencies, in docs
Use hyphenated "remote-tracking branch" (docs and comments)

Romain Merland (1):
git-p4: add options --commit and --disable-rebase

Ryan Dammrose (1):
push: colorize errors

SZEDER GÃbor (25):
test_must_be_empty: simplify file existence check
t9902-completion: add tests demonstrating issues with quoted pathnames
completion: move __git_complete_index_file() next to its helpers
completion: simplify prefix path component handling during path completion
completion: support completing non-ASCII pathnames
completion: improve handling quoted paths on the command line
completion: let 'ls-files' and 'diff-index' filter matching paths
completion: use 'awk' to strip trailing path components
t9902-completion: ignore COMPREPLY element order in some tests
completion: remove repeated dirnames with 'awk' during path completion
completion: improve handling quoted paths in 'git ls-files's output
completion: fill COMPREPLY directly when completing paths
completion: reduce overhead of clearing cached --options
docs/git-gc: fix minor rendering issue
coccinelle: avoid wrong transformation suggestions from commit.cocci
t6050-replace: don't disable stdin for the whole test script
t5310-pack-bitmaps: make JGit tests work with GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX
t5516-fetch-push: fix 'push with dry-run' test
t5516-fetch-push: fix broken &&-chain
t7005-editor: get rid of the SPACES_IN_FILENAMES prereq
completion: don't return with error from __gitcomp_file_direct()
t9902-completion: exercise __git_complete_index_file() directly
completion: correct zsh detection when run from git-completion.zsh
t7406-submodule-update: fix broken &&-chains
RelNotes 2.18: minor fix to entry about dynamically loading completions

Sergey Organov (1):
glossary: substitute "ancestor" for "direct ancestor" in 'push' description.

Stefan Agner (1):
send-email: avoid duplicate In-Reply-To/References

Stefan Beller (82):
repository: introduce raw object store field
object-store: migrate alternates struct and functions from cache.h
object-store: move alt_odb_list and alt_odb_tail to object store
object-store: free alt_odb_list
object-store: move packed_git and packed_git_mru to object store
object-store: close all packs upon clearing the object store
pack: move prepare_packed_git_run_once to object store
pack: move approximate object count to object store
sha1_file: add raw_object_store argument to alt_odb_usable
sha1_file: add repository argument to link_alt_odb_entry
sha1_file: add repository argument to read_info_alternates
sha1_file: add repository argument to link_alt_odb_entries
sha1_file: add repository argument to prepare_alt_odb
sha1_file: allow link_alt_odb_entries to handle arbitrary repositories
sha1_file: allow prepare_alt_odb to handle arbitrary repositories
sha1_file: add repository argument to sha1_file_name
sha1_file: add repository argument to stat_sha1_file
sha1_file: add repository argument to open_sha1_file
sha1_file: add repository argument to map_sha1_file_1
sha1_file: add repository argument to map_sha1_file
sha1_file: add repository argument to sha1_loose_object_info
sha1_file: allow sha1_file_name to handle arbitrary repositories
sha1_file: allow stat_sha1_file to handle arbitrary repositories
sha1_file: allow open_sha1_file to handle arbitrary repositories
sha1_file: allow map_sha1_file to handle arbitrary repositories
packfile: allow prepare_packed_git_mru to handle arbitrary repositories
packfile: allow rearrange_packed_git to handle arbitrary repositories
packfile: allow install_packed_git to handle arbitrary repositories
packfile: add repository argument to prepare_packed_git_one
packfile: add repository argument to prepare_packed_git
packfile: add repository argument to reprepare_packed_git
packfile: allow prepare_packed_git_one to handle arbitrary repositories
packfile: allow prepare_packed_git to handle arbitrary repositories
packfile: allow reprepare_packed_git to handle arbitrary repositories
packfile: add repository argument to find_pack_entry
packfile: allow find_pack_entry to handle arbitrary repositories
submodule.h: drop declaration of connect_work_tree_and_git_dir
submodule-config: allow submodule_free to handle arbitrary repositories
submodule-config: add repository argument to submodule_from_{name, path}
submodule-config: remove submodule_from_cache
submodule: fixup nested submodules after moving the submodule
write_or_die.c: rename to use dashes in file name
unicode_width.h: rename to use dash in file name
exec_cmd: rename to use dash in file name
sha1_name.c: rename to use dash in file name
sha1_file.c: rename to use dash in file name
replace_object.c: rename to use dash in file name
replace-object: move replace_map to object store
object-store: move lookup_replace_object to replace-object.h
replace-object: eliminate replace objects prepared flag
replace-object: check_replace_refs is safe in multi repo environment
refs: add repository argument to get_main_ref_store
refs: add repository argument to for_each_replace_ref
replace-object: add repository argument to prepare_replace_object
replace-object: add repository argument to do_lookup_replace_object
replace-object: add repository argument to lookup_replace_object
refs: store the main ref store inside the repository struct
refs: allow for_each_replace_ref to handle arbitrary repositories
replace-object: allow prepare_replace_object to handle arbitrary repositories
replace-object: allow do_lookup_replace_object to handle arbitrary repositories
replace-object: allow lookup_replace_object to handle arbitrary repositories
worktree: accept -f as short for --force for removal
builtin/blame: dim uninteresting metadata lines
builtin/blame: highlight recently changed lines
builtin/blame: add new coloring scheme config
cache.h: add repository argument to oid_object_info_extended
cache.h: add repository argument to oid_object_info
packfile: add repository argument to retry_bad_packed_offset
packfile: add repository argument to packed_to_object_type
packfile: add repository argument to read_object
packfile: add repository argument to unpack_entry
packfile: add repository argument to cache_or_unpack_entry
cache.h: allow oid_object_info to handle arbitrary repositories
git-rebase--interactive: clarify arguments
object.c: free replace map in raw_object_store_clear
replace-object.c: remove the_repository from prepare_replace_object
grep: handle corrupt index files early
git-submodule.sh: try harder to fetch a submodule
submodule.c: move submodule merging to merge-recursive.c
merge-recursive: i18n submodule merge output and respect verbosity
object.c: clear replace map before freeing it
t7400: encapsulate setup code in test_expect_success

Takuto Ikuta (1):
fetch-pack.c: use oidset to check existence of loose object

Tao Qingyun (1):
t1510-repo-setup.sh: remove useless mkdir

Taylor Blau (5):
builtin/config.c: treat type specifiers singularly
builtin/config.c: support `--type=<type>` as preferred alias for `--<type>`
builtin/config: introduce `--default`
config.c: introduce 'git_config_color' to parse ANSI colors
builtin/config: introduce `color` type specifier

Thomas Gummerer (12):
stash push: avoid printing errors
stash push -u: don't create empty stash
stash: drop superfluos pathspec parameter
SubmittingPatches: mention the git contacts command
completion: stop showing 'save' for stash by default
completion: make stash -p and alias for stash push -p
worktree: remove extra members from struct add_opts
worktree: improve message when creating a new worktree
worktree: factor out dwim_branch function
worktree: teach "add" to check out existing branches
SubmittingPatches: replace numbered attributes with names
note git-security@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx in more places

Todd Zullinger (3):
doc/clone: update caption for GIT URLS cross-reference
rebase --root: demonstrate a bug while amending root commit messages
t3404: check root commit in 'rebase -i --root reword root commit'

Torsten BÃgershausen (1):
test: correct detection of UTF8_NFD_TO_NFC for APFS

Trán Ngác QuÃn (3):
l10n: vi(3470t): Updated Vietnamese translation for v2.18.0
l10n: vi.po(3608t): Update Vietnamese translation for v2.18.0 round2
l10n: vi.po(3608t): Update Vietnamese translation for v2.18.0 round 3

Wink Saville (8):
rebase-interactive: simplify pick_on_preserving_merges
rebase: update invocation of rebase dot-sourced scripts
rebase: reindent function git_rebase__interactive
rebase: extract functions out of git_rebase__interactive
rebase: add and use git_rebase__interactive__preserve_merges
rebase: remove unused code paths from git_rebase__interactive
rebase: remove unused code paths from git_rebase__interactive__preserve_merges
rebase: remove merges_option and a blank line

Yuki Kokubun (1):
filter-branch: fix errors caused by refs that point at non-committish

brian m. carlson (123):
bulk-checkin: convert index_bulk_checkin to struct object_id
builtin/write-tree: convert to struct object_id
cache-tree: convert write_*_as_tree to object_id
cache-tree: convert remnants to struct object_id
resolve-undo: convert struct resolve_undo_info to object_id
tree: convert read_tree_recursive to struct object_id
ref-filter: convert grab_objectname to struct object_id
strbuf: convert strbuf_add_unique_abbrev to use struct object_id
wt-status: convert struct wt_status_state to object_id
Convert find_unique_abbrev* to struct object_id
http-walker: convert struct object_request to use struct object_id
send-pack: convert remaining functions to struct object_id
replace_object: convert struct replace_object to object_id
builtin/mktag: convert to struct object_id
archive: convert write_archive_entry_fn_t to object_id
archive: convert sha1_file_to_archive to struct object_id
builtin/index-pack: convert struct ref_delta_entry to object_id
sha1_file: convert read_loose_object to use struct object_id
sha1_file: convert check_sha1_signature to struct object_id
streaming: convert open_istream to use struct object_id
builtin/mktree: convert to struct object_id
sha1_file: convert assert_sha1_type to object_id
sha1_file: convert retry_bad_packed_offset to struct object_id
packfile: convert unpack_entry to struct object_id
Convert remaining callers of sha1_object_info_extended to object_id
sha1_file: convert sha1_object_info* to object_id
builtin/fmt-merge-msg: convert remaining code to object_id
builtin/notes: convert static functions to object_id
tree-walk: convert get_tree_entry_follow_symlinks internals to object_id
streaming: convert istream internals to struct object_id
tree-walk: convert tree entry functions to object_id
sha1_file: convert read_object_with_reference to object_id
sha1_file: convert read_sha1_file to struct object_id
Convert lookup_replace_object to struct object_id
sha1_file: introduce a constant for max header length
convert: convert to struct object_id
sha1_name: convert struct min_abbrev_data to object_id
t1011: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t1304: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t1300: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t1405: sort reflog entries in a hash-independent way
t1411: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t1507: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t2020: abstract away SHA-1 specific constants
t2101: modernize test style
t2101: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t2107: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
format-patch: make cover letters always text/plain
cache: add a function to read an object ID from a buffer
server-info: remove unused members from struct pack_info
Remove unused member in struct object_context
packfile: remove unused member from struct pack_entry
packfile: convert has_sha1_pack to object_id
sha1-file: convert freshen functions to object_id
packfile: convert find_pack_entry to object_id
packfile: abstract away hash constant values
pack-objects: abstract away hash algorithm
pack-redundant: abstract away hash algorithm
tree-walk: avoid hard-coded 20 constant
tree-walk: convert get_tree_entry_follow_symlinks to object_id
fsck: convert static functions to struct object_id
submodule-config: convert structures to object_id
split-index: convert struct split_index to object_id
Update struct index_state to use struct object_id
pack-redundant: convert linked lists to use struct object_id
index-pack: abstract away hash function constant
commit: convert uses of get_sha1_hex to get_oid_hex
dir: convert struct untracked_cache_dir to object_id
http: eliminate hard-coded constants
revision: replace use of hard-coded constants
upload-pack: replace use of several hard-coded constants
diff: specify abbreviation size in terms of the_hash_algo
builtin/receive-pack: avoid hard-coded constants for push certs
sha1-file: add functions for hex empty tree and blob OIDs
builtin/am: convert uses of EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN to the_hash_algo
builtin/merge: switch tree functions to use object_id
merge: convert empty tree constant to the_hash_algo
sequencer: convert one use of EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX
submodule: convert several uses of EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX
wt-status: convert two uses of EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX
builtin/receive-pack: convert one use of EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX
builtin/reset: convert use of EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN
sha1_file: convert cached object code to struct object_id
cache-tree: use is_empty_tree_oid
sequencer: use the_hash_algo for empty tree object ID
dir: use the_hash_algo for empty blob object ID
sha1_file: only expose empty object constants through git_hash_algo
Update shell scripts to compute empty tree object ID
add--interactive: compute the empty tree value
merge-one-file: compute empty blob object ID
Documentation: use 8-space tabs with Asciidoctor
Documentation: render revisions correctly under Asciidoctor
mailmap: update brian m. carlson's email address
t/test-lib: add an SHA1 prerequisite
t/test-lib: introduce ZERO_OID
t: switch $_z40 to $ZERO_OID
t/test-lib: introduce OID_REGEX
t: switch $_x40 to $OID_REGEX
t0000: annotate with SHA1 prerequisite
t1007: annotate with SHA1 prerequisite
t1512: skip test if not using SHA-1
t4044: skip test if not using SHA-1
t: skip pack tests if not using SHA-1
t2203: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t3103: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t3702: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t3905: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t4007: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t4008: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t4014: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t4020: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t4022: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t4029: fix test indentation
t4029: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t4030: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t/lib-diff-alternative: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t4205: sort log output in a hash-independent way
t4042: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t4045: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t4208: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
t5300: abstract away SHA-1-specific constants
sequencer: ensure labels that are object IDs are rewritten
t3430: test clean-up

Ãvar ArnfjÃrà Bjarmason (22):
configure: fix a regression in PCRE v1 detection
configure: detect redundant --with-libpcre & --with-libpcre1
Makefile: make USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease mean v2, not v1
Makefile: fix broken bindir_relative variable
Makefile: add a gitexecdir_relative variable
Makefile: optionally symlink libexec/git-core binaries to bin/git
Remove contrib/examples/*
doc hash-function-transition: clarify how older gits die on NewHash
doc hash-function-transition: clarify what SHAttered means
git-svn: avoid warning on undef readline()
Makefile: add a DEVOPTS to suppress -Werror under DEVELOPER
Makefile: add a DEVOPTS to get all of -Wextra
git{,-blame}.el: remove old bitrotting Emacs code
.gitattributes: add *.pl extension for Perl
.gitattributes: use the "perl" differ for Perl
.gitattributes: add a diff driver for Python
sha1-name.c: remove stray newline
sha1-array.h: align function arguments
git-p4: change "commitish" typo to "committish"
sha1-name.c: move around the collect_ambiguous() function
get_short_oid: sort ambiguous objects by type, then SHA-1
git-credential-netrc: remove use of "autodie"