[ANNOUNCE] Git v2.19.0

From: Junio C Hamano
Date: Mon Sep 10 2018 - 16:11:47 EST


The latest feature release Git v2.19.0 is now available at the
usual places. It is comprised of 769 non-merge commits since
v2.18.0, contributed by 72 people, 16 of which are new faces.

The tarballs are found at:

https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/

The following public repositories all have a copy of the 'v2.19.0'
tag and the 'master' branch that the tag points at:

url = https://kernel.googlesource.com/pub/scm/git/git
url = git://repo.or.cz/alt-git.git
url = https://github.com/gitster/git

New contributors whose contributions weren't in v2.18.0 are as follows.
Welcome to the Git development community!

Aleksandr Makarov, Andrei Rybak, Chen Bin, Henning Schild,
Isabella Stephens, Josh Steadmon, Jules Maselbas, Kana Natsuno,
Marc Strapetz, Masaya Suzuki, Nicholas Guriev, RaphaÃl Hertzog,
Samuel Maftoul, Sebastian Kisela, Vladimir Parfinenko, and
William Chargin.

Returning contributors who helped this release are as follows.
Thanks for your continued support.

Aaron Schrab, Ãvar ArnfjÃrà Bjarmason, Alban Gruin, Alejandro
R. SedeÃo, Alexander Shopov, Anthony Sottile, Antonio Ospite,
Beat Bolli, Ben Peart, Brandon Williams, brian m. carlson,
Christian Couder, Christopher DÃaz Riveros, Derrick Stolee,
Dimitriy Ryazantcev, Elia Pinto, Elijah Newren, Eric Sunshine,
Han-Wen Nienhuys, Jameson Miller, Jean-NoÃl Avila, Jeff
Hostetler, Jeff King, Jiang Xin, Johannes Schindelin, Johannes
Sixt, Jonathan Nieder, Jonathan Tan, Junio C Hamano, Kim Gybels,
Kirill Smelkov, Kyle Meyer, Luis Marsano, Åukasz Stelmach,
Luke Diamand, Martin Ãgren, Max Kirillov, Michael Barabanov,
Mike Hommey, Nguyán ThÃi Ngác Duy, Olga Telezhnaya, Peter
Krefting, Phillip Wood, Prathamesh Chavan, Ralf Thielow, Ramsay
Jones, Renà Scharfe, Stefan Beller, SZEDER GÃbor, Taylor Blau,
Thomas Rast, Tobias Klauser, Todd Zullinger, Trán Ngác QuÃn,
Ville SkyttÃ, and Xiaolong Ye.

----------------------------------------------------------------

Git 2.19 Release Notes
======================

Updates since v2.18
-------------------

UI, Workflows & Features

* "git diff" compares the index and the working tree. For paths
added with intent-to-add bit, the command shows the full contents
of them as added, but the paths themselves were not marked as new
files. They are now shown as new by default.

"git apply" learned the "--intent-to-add" option so that an
otherwise working-tree-only application of a patch will add new
paths to the index marked with the "intent-to-add" bit.

* "git grep" learned the "--column" option that gives not just the
line number but the column number of the hit.

* The "-l" option in "git branch -l" is an unfortunate short-hand for
"--create-reflog", but many users, both old and new, somehow expect
it to be something else, perhaps "--list". This step warns when "-l"
is used as a short-hand for "--create-reflog" and warns about the
future repurposing of the it when it is used.

* The userdiff pattern for .php has been updated.

* The content-transfer-encoding of the message "git send-email" sends
out by default was 8bit, which can cause trouble when there is an
overlong line to bust RFC 5322/2822 limit. A new option 'auto' to
automatically switch to quoted-printable when there is such a line
in the payload has been introduced and is made the default.

* "git checkout" and "git worktree add" learned to honor
checkout.defaultRemote when auto-vivifying a local branch out of a
remote tracking branch in a repository with multiple remotes that
have tracking branches that share the same names.
(merge 8d7b558bae ab/checkout-default-remote later to maint).

* "git grep" learned the "--only-matching" option.

* "git rebase --rebase-merges" mode now handles octopus merges as
well.

* Add a server-side knob to skip commits in exponential/fibbonacci
stride in an attempt to cover wider swath of history with a smaller
number of iterations, potentially accepting a larger packfile
transfer, instead of going back one commit a time during common
ancestor discovery during the "git fetch" transaction.
(merge 42cc7485a2 jt/fetch-negotiator-skipping later to maint).

* A new configuration variable core.usereplacerefs has been added,
primarily to help server installations that want to ignore the
replace mechanism altogether.

* Teach "git tag -s" etc. a few configuration variables (gpg.format
that can be set to "openpgp" or "x509", and gpg.<format>.program
that is used to specify what program to use to deal with the format)
to allow x.509 certs with CMS via "gpgsm" to be used instead of
openpgp via "gnupg".

* Many more strings are prepared for l10n.

* "git p4 submit" learns to ask its own pre-submit hook if it should
continue with submitting.

* The test performed at the receiving end of "git push" to prevent
bad objects from entering repository can be customized via
receive.fsck.* configuration variables; we now have gained a
counterpart to do the same on the "git fetch" side, with
fetch.fsck.* configuration variables.

* "git pull --rebase=interactive" learned "i" as a short-hand for
"interactive".

* "git instaweb" has been adjusted to run better with newer Apache on
RedHat based distros.

* "git range-diff" is a reimplementation of "git tbdiff" that lets us
compare individual patches in two iterations of a topic.

* The sideband code learned to optionally paint selected keywords at
the beginning of incoming lines on the receiving end.

* "git branch --list" learned to take the default sort order from the
'branch.sort' configuration variable, just like "git tag --list"
pays attention to 'tag.sort'.

* "git worktree" command learned "--quiet" option to make it less
verbose.


Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.

* The bulk of "git submodule foreach" has been rewritten in C.

* The in-core "commit" object had an all-purpose "void *util" field,
which was tricky to use especially in library-ish part of the
code. All of the existing uses of the field has been migrated to a
more dedicated "commit-slab" mechanism and the field is eliminated.

* A less often used command "git show-index" has been modernized.
(merge fb3010c31f jk/show-index later to maint).

* The conversion to pass "the_repository" and then "a_repository"
throughout the object access API continues.

* Continuing with the idea to programatically enumerate various
pieces of data required for command line completion, teach the
codebase to report the list of configuration variables
subcommands care about to help complete them.

* Separate "rebase -p" codepath out of "rebase -i" implementation to
slim down the latter and make it easier to manage.

* Make refspec parsing codepath more robust.

* Some flaky tests have been fixed.

* Continuing with the idea to programmatically enumerate various
pieces of data required for command line completion, the codebase
has been taught to enumerate options prefixed with "--no-" to
negate them.

* Build and test procedure for netrc credential helper (in contrib/)
has been updated.

* Remove unused function definitions and declarations from ewah
bitmap subsystem.

* Code preparation to make "git p4" closer to be usable with Python 3.

* Tighten the API to make it harder to misuse in-tree .gitmodules
file, even though it shares the same syntax with configuration
files, to read random configuration items from it.

* "git fast-import" has been updated to avoid attempting to create
delta against a zero-byte-long string, which is pointless.

* The codebase has been updated to compile cleanly with -pedantic
option.
(merge 2b647a05d7 bb/pedantic later to maint).

* The character display width table has been updated to match the
latest Unicode standard.
(merge 570951eea2 bb/unicode-11-width later to maint).

* test-lint now looks for broken use of "VAR=VAL shell_func" in test
scripts.

* Conversion from uchar[40] to struct object_id continues.

* Recent "security fix" to pay attention to contents of ".gitmodules"
while accepting "git push" was a bit overly strict than necessary,
which has been adjusted.

* "git fsck" learns to make sure the optional commit-graph file is in
a sane state.

* "git diff --color-moved" feature has further been tweaked.

* Code restructuring and a small fix to transport protocol v2 during
fetching.

* Parsing of -L[<N>][,[<M>]] parameters "git blame" and "git log"
take has been tweaked.

* lookup_commit_reference() and friends have been updated to find
in-core object for a specific in-core repository instance.

* Various glitches in the heuristics of merge-recursive strategy have
been documented in new tests.

* "git fetch" learned a new option "--negotiation-tip" to limit the
set of commits it tells the other end as "have", to reduce wasted
bandwidth and cycles, which would be helpful when the receiving
repository has a lot of refs that have little to do with the
history at the remote it is fetching from.

* For a large tree, the index needs to hold many cache entries
allocated on heap. These cache entries are now allocated out of a
dedicated memory pool to amortize malloc(3) overhead.

* Tests to cover various conflicting cases have been added for
merge-recursive.

* Tests to cover conflict cases that involve submodules have been
added for merge-recursive.

* Look for broken "&&" chains that are hidden in subshell, many of
which have been found and corrected.

* The singleton commit-graph in-core instance is made per in-core
repository instance.

* "make DEVELOPER=1 DEVOPTS=pedantic" allows developers to compile
with -pedantic option, which may catch more problematic program
constructs and potential bugs.

* Preparatory code to later add json output for telemetry data has
been added.

* Update the way we use Coccinelle to find out-of-style code that
need to be modernised.

* It is too easy to misuse system API functions such as strcat();
these selected functions are now forbidden in this codebase and
will cause a compilation failure.

* Add a script (in contrib/) to help users of VSCode work better with
our codebase.

* The Travis CI scripts were taught to ship back the test data from
failed tests.
(merge aea8879a6a sg/travis-retrieve-trash-upon-failure later to maint).

* The parse-options machinery learned to refrain from enclosing
placeholder string inside a "<bra" and "ket>" pair automatically
without PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP. Existing help text for option
arguments that are not formatted correctly have been identified and
fixed.
(merge 5f0df44cd7 rs/parse-opt-lithelp later to maint).

* Noiseword "extern" has been removed from function decls in the
header files.

* A few atoms like %(objecttype) and %(objectsize) in the format
specifier of "for-each-ref --format=<format>" can be filled without
getting the full contents of the object, but just with the object
header. These cases have been optimized by calling
oid_object_info() API (instead of reading and inspecting the data).

* The end result of documentation update has been made to be
inspected more easily to help developers.

* The API to iterate over all objects learned to optionally list
objects in the order they appear in packfiles, which helps locality
of access if the caller accesses these objects while as objects are
enumerated.

* Improve built-in facility to catch broken &&-chain in the tests.

* The more library-ish parts of the codebase learned to work on the
in-core index-state instance that is passed in by their callers,
instead of always working on the singleton "the_index" instance.

* A test prerequisite defined by various test scripts with slightly
different semantics has been consolidated into a single copy and
made into a lazily defined one.
(merge 6ec633059a wc/make-funnynames-shared-lazy-prereq later to maint).

* After a partial clone, repeated fetches from promisor remote would
have accumulated many packfiles marked with .promisor bit without
getting them coalesced into fewer packfiles, hurting performance.
"git repack" now learned to repack them.

* Partially revert the support for multiple hash functions to regain
hash comparison performance; we'd think of a way to do this better
in the next cycle.

* "git help --config" (which is used in command line completion)
missed the configuration variables not described in the main
config.txt file but are described in another file that is included
by it, which has been corrected.

* The test linter code has learned that the end of here-doc mark
"EOF" can be quoted in a double-quote pair, not just in a
single-quote pair.


Fixes since v2.18
-----------------

* "git remote update" can take both a single remote nickname and a
nickname for remote groups, and the completion script (in contrib/)
has been taught about it.
(merge 9cd4382ad5 ls/complete-remote-update-names later to maint).

* "git fetch --shallow-since=<cutoff>" that specifies the cut-off
point that is newer than the existing history used to end up
grabbing the entire history. Such a request now errors out.
(merge e34de73c56 nd/reject-empty-shallow-request later to maint).

* Fix for 2.17-era regression around `core.safecrlf`.
(merge 6cb09125be as/safecrlf-quiet-fix later to maint).

* The recent addition of "partial clone" experimental feature kicked
in when it shouldn't, namely, when there is no partial-clone filter
defined even if extensions.partialclone is set.
(merge cac1137dc4 jh/partial-clone later to maint).

* "git send-pack --signed" (hence "git push --signed" over the http
transport) did not read user ident from the config mechanism to
determine whom to sign the push certificate as, which has been
corrected.
(merge d067d98887 ms/send-pack-honor-config later to maint).

* "git fetch-pack --all" used to unnecessarily fail upon seeing an
annotated tag that points at an object other than a commit.
(merge c12c9df527 jk/fetch-all-peeled-fix later to maint).

* When user edits the patch in "git add -p" and the user's editor is
set to strip trailing whitespaces indiscriminately, an empty line
that is unchanged in the patch would become completely empty
(instead of a line with a sole SP on it). The code introduced in
Git 2.17 timeframe failed to parse such a patch, but now it learned
to notice the situation and cope with it.
(merge f4d35a6b49 pw/add-p-recount later to maint).

* The code to try seeing if a fetch is necessary in a submodule
during a fetch with --recurse-submodules got confused when the path
to the submodule was changed in the range of commits in the
superproject, sometimes showing "(null)". This has been corrected.

* Bugfix for "rebase -i" corner case regression.
(merge a9279c6785 pw/rebase-i-keep-reword-after-conflict later to maint).

* Recently added "--base" option to "git format-patch" command did
not correctly generate prereq patch ids.
(merge 15b76c1fb3 xy/format-patch-prereq-patch-id-fix later to maint).

* POSIX portability fix in Makefile to fix a glitch introduced a few
releases ago.
(merge 6600054e9b dj/runtime-prefix later to maint).

* "git filter-branch" when used with the "--state-branch" option
still attempted to rewrite the commits whose filtered result is
known from the previous attempt (which is recorded on the state
branch); the command has been corrected not to waste cycles doing
so.
(merge 709cfe848a mb/filter-branch-optim later to maint).

* Clarify that setting core.ignoreCase to deviate from reality would
not turn a case-incapable filesystem into a case-capable one.
(merge 48294b512a ms/core-icase-doc later to maint).

* "fsck.skipList" did not prevent a blob object listed there from
being inspected for is contents (e.g. we recently started to
inspect the contents of ".gitmodules" for certain malicious
patterns), which has been corrected.
(merge fb16287719 rj/submodule-fsck-skip later to maint).

* "git checkout --recurse-submodules another-branch" did not report
in which submodule it failed to update the working tree, which
resulted in an unhelpful error message.
(merge ba95d4e4bd sb/submodule-move-head-error-msg later to maint).

* "git rebase" behaved slightly differently depending on which one of
the three backends gets used; this has been documented and an
effort to make them more uniform has begun.
(merge b00bf1c9a8 en/rebase-consistency later to maint).

* The "--ignore-case" option of "git for-each-ref" (and its friends)
did not work correctly, which has been fixed.
(merge e674eb2528 jk/for-each-ref-icase later to maint).

* "git fetch" failed to correctly validate the set of objects it
received when making a shallow history deeper, which has been
corrected.
(merge cf1e7c0770 jt/connectivity-check-after-unshallow later to maint).

* Partial clone support of "git clone" has been updated to correctly
validate the objects it receives from the other side. The server
side has been corrected to send objects that are directly
requested, even if they may match the filtering criteria (e.g. when
doing a "lazy blob" partial clone).
(merge a7e67c11b8 jt/partial-clone-fsck-connectivity later to maint).

* Handling of an empty range by "git cherry-pick" was inconsistent
depending on how the range ended up to be empty, which has been
corrected.
(merge c5e358d073 jk/empty-pick-fix later to maint).

* "git reset --merge" (hence "git merge ---abort") and "git reset --hard"
had trouble working correctly in a sparsely checked out working
tree after a conflict, which has been corrected.
(merge b33fdfc34c mk/merge-in-sparse-checkout later to maint).

* Correct a broken use of "VAR=VAL shell_func" in a test.
(merge 650161a277 jc/t3404-one-shot-export-fix later to maint).

* "git rev-parse ':/substring'" did not consider the history leading
only to HEAD when looking for a commit with the given substring,
when the HEAD is detached. This has been fixed.
(merge 6b3351e799 wc/find-commit-with-pattern-on-detached-head later to maint).

* Build doc update for Windows.
(merge ede8d89bb1 nd/command-list later to maint).

* core.commentchar is now honored when preparing the list of commits
to replay in "rebase -i".

* "git pull --rebase" on a corrupt HEAD caused a segfault. In
general we substitute an empty tree object when running the in-core
equivalent of the diff-index command, and the codepath has been
corrected to do so as well to fix this issue.
(merge 3506dc9445 jk/has-uncommitted-changes-fix later to maint).

* httpd tests saw occasional breakage due to the way its access log
gets inspected by the tests, which has been updated to make them
less flaky.
(merge e8b3b2e275 sg/httpd-test-unflake later to maint).

* Tests to cover more D/F conflict cases have been added for
merge-recursive.

* "git gc --auto" opens file descriptors for the packfiles before
spawning "git repack/prune", which would upset Windows that does
not want a process to work on a file that is open by another
process. The issue has been worked around.
(merge 12e73a3ce4 kg/gc-auto-windows-workaround later to maint).

* The recursive merge strategy did not properly ensure there was no
change between HEAD and the index before performing its operation,
which has been corrected.
(merge 55f39cf755 en/dirty-merge-fixes later to maint).

* "git rebase" started exporting GIT_DIR environment variable and
exposing it to hook scripts when part of it got rewritten in C.
Instead of matching the old scripted Porcelains' behaviour,
compensate by also exporting GIT_WORK_TREE environment as well to
lessen the damage. This can harm existing hooks that want to
operate on different repository, but the current behaviour is
already broken for them anyway.
(merge ab5e67d751 bc/sequencer-export-work-tree-as-well later to maint).

* "git send-email" when using in a batched mode that limits the
number of messages sent in a single SMTP session lost the contents
of the variable used to choose between tls/ssl, unable to send the
second and later batches, which has been fixed.
(merge 636f3d7ac5 jm/send-email-tls-auth-on-batch later to maint).

* The lazy clone support had a few places where missing but promised
objects were not correctly tolerated, which have been fixed.

* One of the "diff --color-moved" mode "dimmed_zebra" that was named
in an unusual way has been deprecated and replaced by
"dimmed-zebra".
(merge e3f2f5f9cd es/diff-color-moved-fix later to maint).

* The wire-protocol v2 relies on the client to send "ref prefixes" to
limit the bandwidth spent on the initial ref advertisement. "git
clone" when learned to speak v2 forgot to do so, which has been
corrected.
(merge 402c47d939 bw/clone-ref-prefixes later to maint).

* "git diff --histogram" had a bad memory usage pattern, which has
been rearranged to reduce the peak usage.
(merge 79cb2ebb92 sb/histogram-less-memory later to maint).

* Code clean-up to use size_t/ssize_t when they are the right type.
(merge 7726d360b5 jk/size-t later to maint).

* The wire-protocol v2 relies on the client to send "ref prefixes" to
limit the bandwidth spent on the initial ref advertisement. "git
fetch $remote branch:branch" that asks tags that point into the
history leading to the "branch" automatically followed sent to
narrow prefix and broke the tag following, which has been fixed.
(merge 2b554353a5 jt/tag-following-with-proto-v2-fix later to maint).

* When the sparse checkout feature is in use, "git cherry-pick" and
other mergy operations lost the skip_worktree bit when a path that
is excluded from checkout requires content level merge, which is
resolved as the same as the HEAD version, without materializing the
merge result in the working tree, which made the path appear as
deleted. This has been corrected by preserving the skip_worktree
bit (and not materializing the file in the working tree).
(merge 2b75fb601c en/merge-recursive-skip-fix later to maint).

* The "author-script" file "git rebase -i" creates got broken when
we started to move the command away from shell script, which is
getting fixed now.
(merge 5522bbac20 es/rebase-i-author-script-fix later to maint).

* The automatic tree-matching in "git merge -s subtree" was broken 5
years ago and nobody has noticed since then, which is now fixed.
(merge 2ec4150713 jk/merge-subtree-heuristics later to maint).

* "git fetch $there refs/heads/s" ought to fetch the tip of the
branch 's', but when "refs/heads/refs/heads/s", i.e. a branch whose
name is "refs/heads/s" exists at the same time, fetched that one
instead by mistake. This has been corrected to honor the usual
disambiguation rules for abbreviated refnames.
(merge 60650a48c0 jt/refspec-dwim-precedence-fix later to maint).

* Futureproofing a helper function that can easily be misused.
(merge 65bb21e77e es/want-color-fd-defensive later to maint).

* The http-backend (used for smart-http transport) used to slurp the
whole input until EOF, without paying attention to CONTENT_LENGTH
that is supplied in the environment and instead expecting the Web
server to close the input stream. This has been fixed.
(merge eebfe40962 mk/http-backend-content-length later to maint).

* "git merge --abort" etc. did not clean things up properly when
there were conflicted entries in the index in certain order that
are involved in D/F conflicts. This has been corrected.
(merge ad3762042a en/abort-df-conflict-fixes later to maint).

* "git diff --indent-heuristic" had a bad corner case performance.
(merge 301ef85401 sb/indent-heuristic-optim later to maint).

* The "--exec" option to "git rebase --rebase-merges" placed the exec
commands at wrong places, which has been corrected.

* "git verify-tag" and "git verify-commit" have been taught to use
the exit status of underlying "gpg --verify" to signal bad or
untrusted signature they found.
(merge 4e5dc9ca17 jc/gpg-status later to maint).

* "git mergetool" stopped and gave an extra prompt to continue after
the last path has been handled, which did not make much sense.
(merge d651a54b8a ng/mergetool-lose-final-prompt later to maint).

* Among the three codepaths we use O_APPEND to open a file for
appending, one used for writing GIT_TRACE output requires O_APPEND
implementation that behaves sensibly when multiple processes are
writing to the same file. POSIX emulation used in the Windows port
has been updated to improve in this area.
(merge d641097589 js/mingw-o-append later to maint).

* "git pull --rebase -v" in a repository with a submodule barfed as
an intermediate process did not understand what "-v(erbose)" flag
meant, which has been fixed.
(merge e84c3cf3dc sb/pull-rebase-submodule later to maint).

* Recent update to "git config" broke updating variable in a
subsection, which has been corrected.
(merge bff7df7a87 sb/config-write-fix later to maint).

* When "git rebase -i" is told to squash two or more commits into
one, it labeled the log message for each commit with its number.
It correctly called the first one "1st commit", but the next one
was "commit #1", which was off-by-one. This has been corrected.
(merge dd2e36ebac pw/rebase-i-squash-number-fix later to maint).

* "git rebase -i", when a 'merge <branch>' insn in its todo list
fails, segfaulted, which has been (minimally) corrected.
(merge bc9238bb09 pw/rebase-i-merge-segv-fix later to maint).

* "git cherry-pick --quit" failed to remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD even
though we won't be in a cherry-pick session after it returns, which
has been corrected.
(merge 3e7dd99208 nd/cherry-pick-quit-fix later to maint).

* In a recent update in 2.18 era, "git pack-objects" started
producing a larger than necessary packfiles by missing
opportunities to use large deltas. This has been corrected.

* The meaning of the possible values the "core.checkStat"
configuration variable can take were not adequately documented,
which has been fixed.
(merge 9bf5d4c4e2 nd/config-core-checkstat-doc later to maint).

* Recent "git rebase -i" update started to write bogusly formatted
author-script, with a matching broken reading code. These are
fixed.

* Recent addition of "directory rename" heuristics to the
merge-recursive backend makes the command susceptible to false
positives and false negatives. In the context of "git am -3",
which does not know about surrounding unmodified paths and thus
cannot inform the merge machinery about the full trees involved,
this risk is particularly severe. As such, the heuristic is
disabled for "git am -3" to keep the machinery "more stupid but
predictable".

* "git merge-base" in 2.19-rc1 has performance regression when the
(experimental) commit-graph feature is in use, which has been
mitigated.

* Code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
(merge aee9be2ebe sg/update-ref-stdin-cleanup later to maint).
(merge 037714252f jc/clean-after-sanity-tests later to maint).
(merge 5b26c3c941 en/merge-recursive-cleanup later to maint).
(merge 0dcbc0392e bw/config-refer-to-gitsubmodules-doc later to maint).
(merge bb4d000e87 bw/protocol-v2 later to maint).
(merge 928f0ab4ba vs/typofixes later to maint).
(merge d7f590be84 en/rebase-i-microfixes later to maint).
(merge 81d395cc85 js/rebase-recreate-merge later to maint).
(merge 51d1863168 tz/exclude-doc-smallfixes later to maint).
(merge a9aa3c0927 ds/commit-graph later to maint).
(merge 5cf8e06474 js/enhanced-version-info later to maint).
(merge 6aaded5509 tb/config-default later to maint).
(merge 022d2ac1f3 sb/blame-color later to maint).
(merge 5a06a20e0c bp/test-drop-caches-for-windows later to maint).
(merge dd61cc1c2e jk/ui-color-always-to-auto later to maint).
(merge 1e83b9bfdd sb/trailers-docfix later to maint).
(merge ab29f1b329 sg/fast-import-dump-refs-on-checkpoint-fix later to maint).
(merge 6a8ad880f0 jn/subtree-test-fixes later to maint).
(merge ffbd51cc60 nd/pack-objects-threading-doc later to maint).
(merge e9dac7be60 es/mw-to-git-chain-fix later to maint).
(merge fe583c6c7a rs/remote-mv-leakfix later to maint).
(merge 69885ab015 en/t3031-title-fix later to maint).
(merge 8578037bed nd/config-blame-sort later to maint).
(merge 8ad169c4ba hn/config-in-code-comment later to maint).
(merge b7446fcfdf ar/t4150-am-scissors-test-fix later to maint).
(merge a8132410ee js/typofixes later to maint).
(merge 388d0ff6e5 en/update-index-doc later to maint).
(merge e05aa688dd jc/update-index-doc later to maint).
(merge 10c600172c sg/t5310-empty-input-fix later to maint).
(merge 5641eb9465 jh/partial-clone-doc later to maint).
(merge 2711b1ad5e ab/submodule-relative-url-tests later to maint).
(merge ce528de023 ab/unconditional-free-and-null later to maint).
(merge bbc072f5d8 rs/opt-updates later to maint).
(merge 69d846f053 jk/use-compat-util-in-test-tool later to maint).
(merge 1820703045 js/larger-timestamps later to maint).
(merge c8b35b95e1 sg/t4051-fix later to maint).
(merge 30612cb670 sg/t0020-conversion-fix later to maint).
(merge 15da753709 sg/t7501-thinkofix later to maint).
(merge 79b04f9b60 sg/t3903-missing-fix later to maint).
(merge 2745817028 sg/t3420-autostash-fix later to maint).
(merge 7afb0d6777 sg/test-rebase-editor-fix later to maint).
(merge 6c6ce21baa es/freebsd-iconv-portability later to maint).

----------------------------------------------------------------

Changes since v2.18.0 are as follows:

Aaron Schrab (1):
sequencer: use configured comment character

Alban Gruin (4):
rebase: introduce a dedicated backend for --preserve-merges
rebase: strip unused code in git-rebase--preserve-merges.sh
rebase: use the new git-rebase--preserve-merges.sh
rebase: remove -p code from git-rebase--interactive.sh

Alejandro R. SedeÃo (1):
Makefile: tweak sed invocation

Aleksandr Makarov (1):
for-each-ref: consistently pass WM_IGNORECASE flag

Alexander Shopov (1):
l10n: bg.po: Updated Bulgarian translation (3958t)

Andrei Rybak (2):
Documentation: fix --color option formatting
t4150: fix broken test for am --scissors

Anthony Sottile (1):
config.c: fix regression for core.safecrlf false

Antonio Ospite (6):
config: move config_from_gitmodules to submodule-config.c
submodule-config: add helper function to get 'fetch' config from .gitmodules
submodule-config: add helper to get 'update-clone' config from .gitmodules
submodule-config: make 'config_from_gitmodules' private
submodule-config: pass repository as argument to config_from_gitmodules
submodule-config: reuse config_from_gitmodules in repo_read_gitmodules

Beat Bolli (10):
builtin/config: work around an unsized array forward declaration
unicode: update the width tables to Unicode 11
connect.h: avoid forward declaration of an enum
refs/refs-internal.h: avoid forward declaration of an enum
convert.c: replace "\e" escapes with "\033".
sequencer.c: avoid empty statements at top level
string-list.c: avoid conversion from void * to function pointer
utf8.c: avoid char overflow
Makefile: add a DEVOPTS flag to get pedantic compilation
packfile: ensure that enum object_type is defined

Ben Peart (3):
convert log_ref_write_fd() to use strbuf
handle lower case drive letters on Windows
t3507: add a testcase showing failure with sparse checkout

Brandon Williams (15):
commit: convert commit_graft_pos() to handle arbitrary repositories
commit: convert register_commit_graft to handle arbitrary repositories
commit: convert read_graft_file to handle arbitrary repositories
test-pkt-line: add unpack-sideband subcommand
docs: link to gitsubmodules
upload-pack: implement ref-in-want
upload-pack: test negotiation with changing repository
fetch: refactor the population of peer ref OIDs
fetch: refactor fetch_refs into two functions
fetch: refactor to make function args narrower
fetch-pack: put shallow info in output parameter
fetch-pack: implement ref-in-want
clone: send ref-prefixes when using protocol v2
fetch-pack: mark die strings for translation
pack-protocol: mention and point to docs for protocol v2

Chen Bin (1):
git-p4: add the `p4-pre-submit` hook

Christian Couder (1):
t9104: kosherly remove remote refs

Christopher DÃaz Riveros (1):
l10n: es.po v2.19.0 round 2

Derrick Stolee (46):
ref-filter: fix outdated comment on in_commit_list
commit: add generation number to struct commit
commit-graph: compute generation numbers
commit: use generations in paint_down_to_common()
commit-graph: always load commit-graph information
ref-filter: use generation number for --contains
commit: use generation numbers for in_merge_bases()
commit: add short-circuit to paint_down_to_common()
commit: use generation number in remove_redundant()
merge: check config before loading commits
commit-graph.txt: update design document
commit-graph: fix UX issue when .lock file exists
ewah/bitmap.c: delete unused 'bitmap_clear()'
ewah/bitmap.c: delete unused 'bitmap_each_bit()'
ewah_bitmap: delete unused 'ewah_and()'
ewah_bitmap: delete unused 'ewah_and_not()'
ewah_bitmap: delete unused 'ewah_not()'
ewah_bitmap: delete unused 'ewah_or()'
ewah_io: delete unused 'ewah_serialize()'
t5318-commit-graph.sh: use core.commitGraph
commit-graph: UNLEAK before die()
commit-graph: fix GRAPH_MIN_SIZE
commit-graph: parse commit from chosen graph
commit: force commit to parse from object database
commit-graph: load a root tree from specific graph
commit-graph: add 'verify' subcommand
commit-graph: verify catches corrupt signature
commit-graph: verify required chunks are present
commit-graph: verify corrupt OID fanout and lookup
commit-graph: verify objects exist
commit-graph: verify root tree OIDs
commit-graph: verify parent list
commit-graph: verify generation number
commit-graph: verify commit date
commit-graph: test for corrupted octopus edge
commit-graph: verify contents match checksum
fsck: verify commit-graph
commit-graph: use string-list API for input
commit-graph: add '--reachable' option
gc: automatically write commit-graph files
commit-graph: update design document
commit-graph: fix documentation inconsistencies
coccinelle: update commit.cocci
commit: use timestamp_t for author_date_slab
config: fix commit-graph related config docs
commit: don't use generation numbers if not needed

Dimitriy Ryazantcev (1):
l10n: ru.po: update Russian translation

Elia Pinto (1):
worktree: add --quiet option

Elijah Newren (66):
t6036, t6042: use test_create_repo to keep tests independent
t6036, t6042: use test_line_count instead of wc -l
t6036, t6042: prefer test_path_is_file, test_path_is_missing
t6036, t6042: prefer test_cmp to sequences of test
t6036: prefer test_when_finished to manual cleanup in following test
merge-recursive: fix miscellaneous grammar error in comment
merge-recursive: fix numerous argument alignment issues
merge-recursive: align labels with their respective code blocks
merge-recursive: clarify the rename_dir/RENAME_DIR meaning
merge-recursive: rename conflict_rename_*() family of functions
merge-recursive: add pointer about unduly complex looking code
git-rebase.txt: document incompatible options
git-rebase.sh: update help messages a bit
t3422: new testcases for checking when incompatible options passed
git-rebase: error out when incompatible options passed
git-rebase.txt: address confusion between --no-ff vs --force-rebase
directory-rename-detection.txt: technical docs on abilities and limitations
git-rebase.txt: document behavioral differences between modes
t3401: add directory rename testcases for rebase and am
git-rebase: make --allow-empty-message the default
t3418: add testcase showing problems with rebase -i and strategy options
Fix use of strategy options with interactive rebases
git-rebase--merge: modernize "git-$cmd" to "git $cmd"
apply: fix grammar error in comment
t5407: fix test to cover intended arguments
read-cache.c: move index_has_changes() from merge.c
index_has_changes(): avoid assuming operating on the_index
t6044: verify that merges expected to abort actually abort
t6036: add a failed conflict detection case with symlink modify/modify
t6036: add a failed conflict detection case with symlink add/add
t6036: add a failed conflict detection case with submodule modify/modify
t6036: add a failed conflict detection case with submodule add/add
t6036: add a failed conflict detection case with conflicting types
t6042: add testcase covering rename/add/delete conflict type
t6042: add testcase covering rename/rename(2to1)/delete/delete conflict
t6042: add testcase covering long chains of rename conflicts
t6036: add lots of detail for directory/file conflicts in recursive case
t6036: add a failed conflict detection case: regular files, different modes
t6044: add a testcase for index matching head, when head doesn't match HEAD
merge-recursive: make sure when we say we abort that we actually abort
merge-recursive: fix assumption that head tree being merged is HEAD
t6044: add more testcases with staged changes before a merge is invoked
merge-recursive: enforce rule that index matches head before merging
merge: fix misleading pre-merge check documentation
t7405: add a file/submodule conflict
t7405: add a directory/submodule conflict
t7405: verify 'merge --abort' works after submodule/path conflicts
merge-recursive: preserve skip_worktree bit when necessary
t1015: demonstrate directory/file conflict recovery failures
read-cache: fix directory/file conflict handling in read_index_unmerged()
t3031: update test description to mention desired behavior
t7406: fix call that was failing for the wrong reason
t7406: simplify by using diff --name-only instead of diff --raw
t7406: avoid having git commands upstream of a pipe
t7406: prefer test_* helper functions to test -[feds]
t7406: avoid using test_must_fail for commands other than git
git-update-index.txt: reword possibly confusing example
Add missing includes and forward declarations
alloc: make allocate_alloc_state and clear_alloc_state more consistent
Move definition of enum branch_track from cache.h to branch.h
urlmatch.h: fix include guard
compat/precompose_utf8.h: use more common include guard style
Remove forward declaration of an enum
t3401: add another directory rename testcase for rebase and am
merge-recursive: add ability to turn off directory rename detection
am: avoid directory rename detection when calling recursive merge machinery

Eric Sunshine (55):
t: use test_might_fail() instead of manipulating exit code manually
t: use test_write_lines() instead of series of 'echo' commands
t: use sane_unset() rather than 'unset' with broken &&-chain
t: drop unnecessary terminating semicolon in subshell
t/lib-submodule-update: fix "absorbing" test
t5405: use test_must_fail() instead of checking exit code manually
t5406: use write_script() instead of birthing shell script manually
t5505: modernize and simplify hard-to-digest test
t6036: fix broken "merge fails but has appropriate contents" tests
t7201: drop pointless "exit 0" at end of subshell
t7400: fix broken "submodule add/reconfigure --force" test
t7810: use test_expect_code() instead of hand-rolled comparison
t9001: fix broken "invoke hook" test
t9814: simplify convoluted check that command correctly errors out
t0000-t0999: fix broken &&-chains
t1000-t1999: fix broken &&-chains
t2000-t2999: fix broken &&-chains
t3000-t3999: fix broken &&-chains
t3030: fix broken &&-chains
t4000-t4999: fix broken &&-chains
t5000-t5999: fix broken &&-chains
t6000-t6999: fix broken &&-chains
t7000-t7999: fix broken &&-chains
t9000-t9999: fix broken &&-chains
t9119: fix broken &&-chains
t6046/t9833: fix use of "VAR=VAL cmd" with a shell function
t/check-non-portable-shell: stop being so polite
t/check-non-portable-shell: make error messages more compact
t/check-non-portable-shell: detect "FOO=bar shell_func"
t/test-lib: teach --chain-lint to detect broken &&-chains in subshells
t/Makefile: add machinery to check correctness of chainlint.sed
t/chainlint: add chainlint "basic" test cases
t/chainlint: add chainlint "whitespace" test cases
t/chainlint: add chainlint "one-liner" test cases
t/chainlint: add chainlint "nested subshell" test cases
t/chainlint: add chainlint "loop" and "conditional" test cases
t/chainlint: add chainlint "cuddled" test cases
t/chainlint: add chainlint "complex" test cases
t/chainlint: add chainlint "specialized" test cases
diff: --color-moved: rename "dimmed_zebra" to "dimmed-zebra"
mw-to-git/t9360: fix broken &&-chain
t/chainlint.sed: drop extra spaces from regex character class
sequencer: fix "rebase -i --root" corrupting author header
sequencer: fix "rebase -i --root" corrupting author header timezone
sequencer: fix "rebase -i --root" corrupting author header timestamp
sequencer: don't die() on bogus user-edited timestamp
color: protect against out-of-bounds reads and writes
chainlint: match arbitrary here-docs tags rather than hard-coded names
chainlint: match 'quoted' here-doc tags
chainlint: recognize multi-line $(...) when command cuddled with "$("
chainlint: let here-doc and multi-line string commence on same line
chainlint: recognize multi-line quoted strings more robustly
chainlint: add test of pathological case which triggered false positive
chainlint: match "quoted" here-doc tags
config.mak.uname: resolve FreeBSD iconv-related compilation warning

Han-Wen Nienhuys (2):
config: document git config getter return value
sideband: highlight keywords in remote sideband output

Henning Schild (9):
builtin/receive-pack: use check_signature from gpg-interface
gpg-interface: make parse_gpg_output static and remove from interface header
gpg-interface: add new config to select how to sign a commit
t/t7510: check the validation of the new config gpg.format
gpg-interface: introduce an abstraction for multiple gpg formats
gpg-interface: do not hardcode the key string len anymore
gpg-interface: introduce new config to select per gpg format program
gpg-interface: introduce new signature format "x509" using gpgsm
gpg-interface t: extend the existing GPG tests with GPGSM

Isabella Stephens (2):
blame: prevent error if range ends past end of file
log: prevent error if line range ends past end of file

Jameson Miller (8):
read-cache: teach refresh_cache_entry to take istate
read-cache: teach make_cache_entry to take object_id
block alloc: add lifecycle APIs for cache_entry structs
mem-pool: only search head block for available space
mem-pool: add life cycle management functions
mem-pool: fill out functionality
block alloc: allocate cache entries from mem_pool
block alloc: add validations around cache_entry lifecyle

Jean-NoÃl Avila (3):
i18n: fix mistakes in translated strings
l10n: fr.po v2.19.0 rnd 1
l10n: fr.po v2.19.0 rnd 2

Jeff Hostetler (1):
json_writer: new routines to create JSON data

Jeff King (50):
make show-index a builtin
show-index: update documentation for index v2
fetch-pack: don't try to fetch peel values with --all
ewah: drop ewah_deserialize function
ewah: drop ewah_serialize_native function
t3200: unset core.logallrefupdates when testing reflog creation
t: switch "branch -l" to "branch --create-reflog"
branch: deprecate "-l" option
config: turn die_on_error into caller-facing enum
config: add CONFIG_ERROR_SILENT handler
config: add options parameter to git_config_from_mem
fsck: silence stderr when parsing .gitmodules
t6300: add a test for --ignore-case
ref-filter: avoid backend filtering with --ignore-case
t5500: prettify non-commit tag tests
sequencer: handle empty-set cases consistently
sequencer: don't say BUG on bogus input
has_uncommitted_changes(): fall back to empty tree
fsck: split ".gitmodules too large" error from parse failure
fsck: downgrade gitmodulesParse default to "info"
blame: prefer xsnprintf to strcpy for colors
check_replace_refs: fix outdated comment
check_replace_refs: rename to read_replace_refs
add core.usereplacerefs config option
reencode_string: use st_add/st_mult helpers
reencode_string: use size_t for string lengths
strbuf: use size_t for length in intermediate variables
strbuf_readlink: use ssize_t
pass st.st_size as hint for strbuf_readlink()
strbuf_humanise: use unsigned variables
automatically ban strcpy()
banned.h: mark strcat() as banned
banned.h: mark sprintf() as banned
banned.h: mark strncpy() as banned
score_trees(): fix iteration over trees with missing entries
add a script to diff rendered documentation
t5552: suppress upload-pack trace output
for_each_*_object: store flag definitions in a single location
for_each_*_object: take flag arguments as enum
for_each_*_object: give more comprehensive docstrings
for_each_packed_object: support iterating in pack-order
t1006: test cat-file --batch-all-objects with duplicates
cat-file: rename batch_{loose,packed}_object callbacks
cat-file: support "unordered" output for --batch-all-objects
cat-file: use oidset check-and-insert
cat-file: split batch "buf" into two variables
cat-file: use a single strbuf for all output
for_each_*_object: move declarations to object-store.h
test-tool.h: include git-compat-util.h
hashcmp: assert constant hash size

Jiang Xin (4):
l10n: zh_CN: review for git 2.18.0
l10n: git.pot: v2.19.0 round 1 (382 new, 30 removed)
l10n: git.pot: v2.19.0 round 2 (3 new, 5 removed)
l10n: zh_CN: for git v2.19.0 l10n round 1 to 2

Johannes Schindelin (41):
Makefile: fix the "built from commit" code
merge: allow reading the merge commit message from a file
rebase --rebase-merges: add support for octopus merges
rebase --rebase-merges: adjust man page for octopus support
vcbuild/README: update to accommodate for missing common-cmds.h
t7406: avoid failures solely due to timing issues
contrib: add a script to initialize VS Code configuration
vscode: hard-code a couple defines
cache.h: extract enum declaration from inside a struct declaration
mingw: define WIN32 explicitly
vscode: only overwrite C/C++ settings
vscode: wrap commit messages at column 72 by default
vscode: use 8-space tabs, no trailing ws, etc for Git's source code
vscode: add a dictionary for cSpell
vscode: let cSpell work on commit messages, too
pull --rebase=<type>: allow single-letter abbreviations for the type
t3430: demonstrate what -r, --autosquash & --exec should do
git-compat-util.h: fix typo
remote-curl: remove spurious period
rebase --exec: make it work with --rebase-merges
linear-assignment: a function to solve least-cost assignment problems
Introduce `range-diff` to compare iterations of a topic branch
range-diff: first rudimentary implementation
range-diff: improve the order of the shown commits
range-diff: also show the diff between patches
range-diff: right-trim commit messages
range-diff: indent the diffs just like tbdiff
range-diff: suppress the diff headers
range-diff: adjust the output of the commit pairs
range-diff: do not show "function names" in hunk headers
range-diff: use color for the commit pairs
color: add the meta color GIT_COLOR_REVERSE
diff: add an internal option to dual-color diffs of diffs
range-diff: offer to dual-color the diffs
range-diff --dual-color: skip white-space warnings
range-diff: populate the man page
completion: support `git range-diff`
range-diff: left-pad patch numbers
range-diff: make --dual-color the default mode
range-diff: use dim/bold cues to improve dual color mode
chainlint: fix for core.autocrlf=true

Johannes Sixt (1):
mingw: enable atomic O_APPEND

Jonathan Nieder (12):
object: add repository argument to grow_object_hash
object: move grafts to object parser
commit: add repository argument to commit_graft_pos
commit: add repository argument to register_commit_graft
commit: add repository argument to read_graft_file
commit: add repository argument to prepare_commit_graft
commit: add repository argument to lookup_commit_graft
subtree test: add missing && to &&-chain
subtree test: simplify preparation of expected results
doc hash-function-transition: pick SHA-256 as NewHash
partial-clone: render design doc using asciidoc
Revert "Merge branch 'sb/submodule-core-worktree'"

Jonathan Tan (28):
list-objects: check if filter is NULL before using
fetch-pack: split up everything_local()
fetch-pack: clear marks before re-marking
fetch-pack: directly end negotiation if ACK ready
fetch-pack: use ref adv. to prune "have" sent
fetch-pack: make negotiation-related vars local
fetch-pack: move common check and marking together
fetch-pack: introduce negotiator API
pack-bitmap: remove bitmap_git global variable
pack-bitmap: add free function
fetch-pack: write shallow, then check connectivity
fetch-pack: support negotiation tip whitelist
upload-pack: send refs' objects despite "filter"
clone: check connectivity even if clone is partial
revision: tolerate promised targets of tags
tag: don't warn if target is missing but promised
negotiator/skipping: skip commits during fetch
commit-graph: refactor preparing commit graph
object-store: add missing include
commit-graph: add missing forward declaration
commit-graph: add free_commit_graph
commit-graph: store graph in struct object_store
commit-graph: add repo arg to graph readers
t5702: test fetch with multiple refspecs at a time
fetch: send "refs/tags/" prefix upon CLI refspecs
fetch-pack: unify ref in and out param
repack: refactor setup of pack-objects cmd
repack: repack promisor objects if -a or -A is set

Josh Steadmon (1):
protocol-v2 doc: put HTTP headers after request

Jules Maselbas (1):
send-email: fix tls AUTH when sending batch

Junio C Hamano (23):
tests: clean after SANITY tests
ewah: delete unused 'rlwit_discharge_empty()'
Prepare to start 2.19 cycle
First batch for 2.19 cycle
Second batch for 2.19 cycle
fixup! connect.h: avoid forward declaration of an enum
fixup! refs/refs-internal.h: avoid forward declaration of an enum
t3404: fix use of "VAR=VAL cmd" with a shell function
Third batch for 2.19 cycle
Fourth batch for 2.19 cycle
remote: make refspec follow the same disambiguation rule as local refs
Fifth batch for 2.19 cycle
update-index: there no longer is `apply --index-info`
gpg-interface: propagate exit status from gpg back to the callers
Sixth batch for 2.19 cycle
config.txt: clarify core.checkStat
Seventh batch for 2.19 cycle
sideband: do not read beyond the end of input
Git 2.19-rc0
Getting ready for -rc1
Git 2.19-rc1
Git 2.19-rc2
Git 2.19

Kana Natsuno (2):
t4018: add missing test cases for PHP
userdiff: support new keywords in PHP hunk header

Kim Gybels (1):
gc --auto: release pack files before auto packing

Kirill Smelkov (1):
fetch-pack: test explicitly that --all can fetch tag references pointing to non-commits

Kyle Meyer (1):
range-diff: update stale summary of --no-dual-color

Luis Marsano (2):
git-credential-netrc: use in-tree Git.pm for tests
git-credential-netrc: fix exit status when tests fail

Luke Diamand (6):
git-p4: python3: replace <> with !=
git-p4: python3: replace dict.has_key(k) with "k in dict"
git-p4: python3: remove backticks
git-p4: python3: basestring workaround
git-p4: python3: use print() function
git-p4: python3: fix octal constants

Marc Strapetz (1):
Documentation: declare "core.ignoreCase" as internal variable

Martin Ãgren (1):
refspec: initalize `refspec_item` in `valid_fetch_refspec()`

Masaya Suzuki (2):
builtin/send-pack: populate the default configs
doc: fix want-capability separator

Max Kirillov (5):
http-backend: cleanup writing to child process
http-backend: respect CONTENT_LENGTH as specified by rfc3875
unpack-trees: do not fail reset because of unmerged skipped entry
http-backend: respect CONTENT_LENGTH for receive-pack
http-backend: allow empty CONTENT_LENGTH

Michael Barabanov (1):
filter-branch: skip commits present on --state-branch

Mike Hommey (1):
fast-import: do not call diff_delta() with empty buffer

Nguyán ThÃi Ngác Duy (100):
commit-slab.h: code split
commit-slab: support shared commit-slab
blame: use commit-slab for blame suspects instead of commit->util
describe: use commit-slab for commit names instead of commit->util
shallow.c: use commit-slab for commit depth instead of commit->util
sequencer.c: use commit-slab to mark seen commits
sequencer.c: use commit-slab to associate todo items to commits
revision.c: use commit-slab for show_source
bisect.c: use commit-slab for commit weight instead of commit->util
name-rev: use commit-slab for rev-name instead of commit->util
show-branch: use commit-slab for commit-name instead of commit->util
show-branch: note about its object flags usage
log: use commit-slab in prepare_bases() instead of commit->util
merge: use commit-slab in merge remote desc instead of commit->util
commit.h: delete 'util' field in struct commit
diff: ignore --ita-[in]visible-in-index when diffing worktree-to-tree
diff: turn --ita-invisible-in-index on by default
t2203: add a test about "diff HEAD" case
apply: add --intent-to-add
parse-options: option to let --git-completion-helper show negative form
completion: suppress some -no- options
Add and use generic name->id mapping code for color slot parsing
grep: keep all colors in an array
fsck: factor out msg_id_info[] lazy initialization code
help: add --config to list all available config
fsck: produce camelCase config key names
advice: keep config name in camelCase in advice_config[]
am: move advice.amWorkDir parsing back to advice.c
completion: drop the hard coded list of config vars
completion: keep other config var completion in camelCase
completion: support case-insensitive config vars
log-tree: allow to customize 'grafted' color
completion: complete general config vars in two steps
upload-pack: reject shallow requests that would return nothing
completion: collapse extra --no-.. options
pack-objects: fix performance issues on packing large deltas
Update messages in preparation for i18n
archive-tar.c: mark more strings for translation
archive-zip.c: mark more strings for translation
builtin/config.c: mark more strings for translation
builtin/grep.c: mark strings for translation
builtin/pack-objects.c: mark more strings for translation
builtin/replace.c: mark more strings for translation
commit-graph.c: mark more strings for translation
config.c: mark more strings for translation
connect.c: mark more strings for translation
convert.c: mark more strings for translation
dir.c: mark more strings for translation
environment.c: mark more strings for translation
exec-cmd.c: mark more strings for translation
object.c: mark more strings for translation
pkt-line.c: mark more strings for translation
refs.c: mark more strings for translation
refspec.c: mark more strings for translation
replace-object.c: mark more strings for translation
sequencer.c: mark more strings for translation
sha1-file.c: mark more strings for translation
transport.c: mark more strings for translation
transport-helper.c: mark more strings for translation
pack-objects: document about thread synchronization
apply.h: drop extern on func declaration
attr.h: drop extern from function declaration
blame.h: drop extern on func declaration
cache-tree.h: drop extern from function declaration
convert.h: drop 'extern' from function declaration
diffcore.h: drop extern from function declaration
diff.h: remove extern from function declaration
line-range.h: drop extern from function declaration
rerere.h: drop extern from function declaration
repository.h: drop extern from function declaration
revision.h: drop extern from function declaration
submodule.h: drop extern from function declaration
config.txt: reorder blame stuff to keep config keys sorted
Makefile: add missing dependency for command-list.h
diff.c: move read_index() code back to the caller
cache-tree: wrap the_index based wrappers with #ifdef
attr: remove an implicit dependency on the_index
convert.c: remove an implicit dependency on the_index
dir.c: remove an implicit dependency on the_index in pathspec code
preload-index.c: use the right index instead of the_index
ls-files: correct index argument to get_convert_attr_ascii()
unpack-trees: remove 'extern' on function declaration
unpack-trees: add a note about path invalidation
unpack-trees: don't shadow global var the_index
unpack-trees: convert clear_ce_flags* to avoid the_index
unpack-trees: avoid the_index in verify_absent()
pathspec.c: use the right index instead of the_index
submodule.c: use the right index instead of the_index
entry.c: use the right index instead of the_index
attr: remove index from git_attr_set_direction()
grep: use the right index instead of the_index
archive.c: avoid access to the_index
archive-*.c: use the right repository
resolve-undo.c: use the right index instead of the_index
apply.c: pass struct apply_state to more functions
apply.c: make init_apply_state() take a struct repository
apply.c: remove implicit dependency on the_index
blame.c: remove implicit dependency on the_index
cherry-pick: fix --quit not deleting CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
generate-cmdlist.sh: collect config from all config.txt files

Nicholas Guriev (1):
mergetool: don't suggest to continue after last file

Olga Telezhnaya (5):
ref-filter: add info_source to valid_atom
ref-filter: fill empty fields with empty values
ref-filter: initialize eaten variable
ref-filter: merge get_obj and get_object
ref-filter: use oid_object_info() to get object

Peter Krefting (2):
l10n: sv.po: Update Swedish translation(3608t0f0u)
l10n: sv.po: Update Swedish translation (3958t0f0u)

Phillip Wood (7):
add -p: fix counting empty context lines in edited patches
sequencer: do not squash 'reword' commits when we hit conflicts
sequencer: handle errors from read_author_ident()
sequencer: fix quoting in write_author_script
rebase -i: fix numbering in squash message
t3430: add conflicting commit
rebase -i: fix SIGSEGV when 'merge <branch>' fails

Prathamesh Chavan (4):
submodule foreach: correct '$path' in nested submodules from a subdirectory
submodule foreach: document '$sm_path' instead of '$path'
submodule foreach: document variable '$displaypath'
submodule: port submodule subcommand 'foreach' from shell to C

Ralf Thielow (1):
l10n: de.po: translate 108 new messages

Ramsay Jones (3):
fsck: check skiplist for object in fsck_blob()
t6036: fix broken && chain in sub-shell
t5562: avoid non-portable "export FOO=bar" construct

RaphaÃl Hertzog (1):
l10n: fr: fix a message seen in git bisect

Renà Scharfe (10):
remote: clear string_list after use in mv()
add, update-index: fix --chmod argument help
difftool: remove angular brackets from argument help
pack-objects: specify --index-version argument help explicitly
send-pack: specify --force-with-lease argument help explicitly
shortlog: correct option help for -w
parse-options: automatically infer PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP
checkout-index: improve argument help for --stage
remote: improve argument help for add --mirror
parseopt: group literal string alternatives in argument help

SZEDER GÃbor (30):
update-ref --stdin: use skip_prefix()
t7510-signed-commit: use 'test_must_fail'
tests: make forging GPG signed commits and tags more robust
t5541: clean up truncating access log
t/lib-httpd: add the strip_access_log() helper function
t/lib-httpd: avoid occasional failures when checking access.log
t5608: fix broken &&-chain
t9300: wait for background fast-import process to die after killing it
travis-ci: run Coccinelle static analysis with two parallel jobs
travis-ci: fail if Coccinelle static analysis found something to transform
coccinelle: mark the 'coccicheck' make target as .PHONY
coccinelle: use $(addsuffix) in 'coccicheck' make target
coccinelle: exclude sha1dc source files from static analysis
coccinelle: put sane filenames into output patches
coccinelle: extract dedicated make target to clean Coccinelle's results
travis-ci: include the trash directories of failed tests in the trace log
t5318: use 'test_cmp_bin' to compare commit-graph files
t5318: avoid unnecessary command substitutions
t5310-pack-bitmaps: fix bogus 'pack-objects to file can use bitmap' test
tests: use 'test_must_be_empty' instead of '! test -s'
tests: use 'test_must_be_empty' instead of 'test ! -s'
tests: use 'test_must_be_empty' instead of 'test_cmp /dev/null <out>'
tests: use 'test_must_be_empty' instead of 'test_cmp <empty> <out>'
t7501-commit: drop silly command substitution
t0020-crlf: check the right file
t4051-diff-function-context: read the right file
t6018-rev-list-glob: fix 'empty stdin' test
t3903-stash: don't try to grep non-existing file
t3420-rebase-autostash: don't try to grep non-existing files
t/lib-rebase.sh: support explicit 'pick' commands in 'fake_editor.sh'

Samuel Maftoul (1):
branch: support configuring --sort via .gitconfig

Sebastian Kisela (2):
git-instaweb: support Fedora/Red Hat apache module path
git-instaweb: fix apache2 config with apache >= 2.4

Stefan Beller (87):
repository: introduce parsed objects field
object: add repository argument to create_object
alloc: add repository argument to alloc_blob_node
alloc: add repository argument to alloc_tree_node
alloc: add repository argument to alloc_commit_node
alloc: add repository argument to alloc_tag_node
alloc: add repository argument to alloc_object_node
alloc: add repository argument to alloc_report
alloc: add repository argument to alloc_commit_index
object: allow grow_object_hash to handle arbitrary repositories
object: allow create_object to handle arbitrary repositories
alloc: allow arbitrary repositories for alloc functions
object-store: move object access functions to object-store.h
shallow: add repository argument to set_alternate_shallow_file
shallow: add repository argument to register_shallow
shallow: add repository argument to check_shallow_file_for_update
shallow: add repository argument to is_repository_shallow
cache: convert get_graft_file to handle arbitrary repositories
path.c: migrate global git_path_* to take a repository argument
shallow: migrate shallow information into the object parser
commit: allow prepare_commit_graft to handle arbitrary repositories
commit: allow lookup_commit_graft to handle arbitrary repositories
refs/packed-backend.c: close fd of empty file
submodule--helper: plug mem leak in print_default_remote
sequencer.c: plug leaks in do_pick_commit
submodule: fix NULL correctness in renamed broken submodules
t5526: test recursive submodules when fetching moved submodules
submodule: unset core.worktree if no working tree is present
submodule: ensure core.worktree is set after update
submodule deinit: unset core.worktree
submodule.c: report the submodule that an error occurs in
sequencer.c: plug mem leak in git_sequencer_config
.mailmap: merge different spellings of names
object: add repository argument to parse_object
object: add repository argument to lookup_object
object: add repository argument to parse_object_buffer
object: add repository argument to object_as_type
blob: add repository argument to lookup_blob
tree: add repository argument to lookup_tree
commit: add repository argument to lookup_commit_reference_gently
commit: add repository argument to lookup_commit_reference
commit: add repository argument to lookup_commit
commit: add repository argument to parse_commit_buffer
commit: add repository argument to set_commit_buffer
commit: add repository argument to get_cached_commit_buffer
tag: add repository argument to lookup_tag
tag: add repository argument to parse_tag_buffer
tag: add repository argument to deref_tag
object: allow object_as_type to handle arbitrary repositories
object: allow lookup_object to handle arbitrary repositories
blob: allow lookup_blob to handle arbitrary repositories
tree: allow lookup_tree to handle arbitrary repositories
commit: allow lookup_commit to handle arbitrary repositories
tag: allow lookup_tag to handle arbitrary repositories
tag: allow parse_tag_buffer to handle arbitrary repositories
commit.c: allow parse_commit_buffer to handle arbitrary repositories
commit-slabs: remove realloc counter outside of slab struct
commit.c: migrate the commit buffer to the parsed object store
commit.c: allow set_commit_buffer to handle arbitrary repositories
commit.c: allow get_cached_commit_buffer to handle arbitrary repositories
object.c: allow parse_object_buffer to handle arbitrary repositories
object.c: allow parse_object to handle arbitrary repositories
tag.c: allow deref_tag to handle arbitrary repositories
commit.c: allow lookup_commit_reference_gently to handle arbitrary repositories
commit.c: allow lookup_commit_reference to handle arbitrary repositories
xdiff/xdiff.h: remove unused flags
xdiff/xdiffi.c: remove unneeded function declarations
t4015: avoid git as a pipe input
diff.c: do not pass diff options as keydata to hashmap
diff.c: adjust hash function signature to match hashmap expectation
diff.c: add a blocks mode for moved code detection
diff.c: decouple white space treatment from move detection algorithm
diff.c: factor advance_or_nullify out of mark_color_as_moved
diff.c: add white space mode to move detection that allows indent changes
diff.c: offer config option to control ws handling in move detection
xdiff/xhistogram: pass arguments directly to fall_back_to_classic_diff
xdiff/xhistogram: factor out memory cleanup into free_index()
xdiff/xhistogram: move index allocation into find_lcs
Documentation/git-interpret-trailers: explain possible values
xdiff/histogram: remove tail recursion
t1300: document current behavior of setting options
xdiff: reduce indent heuristic overhead
config: fix case sensitive subsection names on writing
git-config: document accidental multi-line setting in deprecated syntax
git-submodule.sh: accept verbose flag in cmd_update to be non-quiet
t7410: update to new style
builtin/submodule--helper: remove stray new line

Taylor Blau (9):
Documentation/config.txt: camel-case lineNumber for consistency
grep.c: expose {,inverted} match column in match_line()
grep.[ch]: extend grep_opt to allow showing matched column
grep.c: display column number of first match
builtin/grep.c: add '--column' option to 'git-grep(1)'
grep.c: add configuration variables to show matched option
contrib/git-jump/git-jump: jump to exact location
grep.c: extract show_line_header()
grep.c: teach 'git grep --only-matching'

Thomas Rast (1):
range-diff: add tests

Tobias Klauser (1):
git-rebase--preserve-merges: fix formatting of todo help message

Todd Zullinger (4):
git-credential-netrc: minor whitespace cleanup in test script
git-credential-netrc: make "all" default target of Makefile
gitignore.txt: clarify default core.excludesfile path
dir.c: fix typos in core.excludesfile comment

Trán Ngác QuÃn (1):
l10n: vi.po(3958t): updated Vietnamese translation v2.19.0 round 2

Ville Skyttà (1):
Documentation: spelling and grammar fixes

Vladimir Parfinenko (1):
rebase: fix documentation formatting

William Chargin (2):
sha1-name.c: for ":/", find detached HEAD commits
t: factor out FUNNYNAMES as shared lazy prereq

Xiaolong Ye (1):
format-patch: clear UNINTERESTING flag before prepare_bases

brian m. carlson (21):
send-email: add an auto option for transfer encoding
send-email: accept long lines with suitable transfer encoding
send-email: automatically determine transfer-encoding
docs: correct RFC specifying email line length
sequencer: pass absolute GIT_WORK_TREE to exec commands
cache: update object ID functions for the_hash_algo
tree-walk: replace hard-coded constants with the_hash_algo
hex: switch to using the_hash_algo
commit: express tree entry constants in terms of the_hash_algo
strbuf: allocate space with GIT_MAX_HEXSZ
sha1-name: use the_hash_algo when parsing object names
refs/files-backend: use the_hash_algo for writing refs
builtin/update-index: convert to using the_hash_algo
builtin/update-index: simplify parsing of cacheinfo
builtin/fmt-merge-msg: make hash independent
builtin/merge: switch to use the_hash_algo
builtin/merge-recursive: make hash independent
diff: switch GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ to use the_hash_algo
log-tree: switch GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ to the_hash_algo->hexsz
sha1-file: convert constants to uses of the_hash_algo
pretty: switch hard-coded constants to the_hash_algo

Ãvar ArnfjÃrà Bjarmason (45):
checkout tests: index should be clean after dwim checkout
checkout.h: wrap the arguments to unique_tracking_name()
checkout.c: introduce an *_INIT macro
checkout.c: change "unique" member to "num_matches"
checkout: pass the "num_matches" up to callers
builtin/checkout.c: use "ret" variable for return
checkout: add advice for ambiguous "checkout <branch>"
checkout & worktree: introduce checkout.defaultRemote
refspec: s/refspec_item_init/&_or_die/g
refspec: add back a refspec_item_init() function
doc hash-function-transition: note the lack of a changelog
receive.fsck.<msg-id> tests: remove dead code
config doc: don't describe *.fetchObjects twice
config doc: unify the description of fsck.* and receive.fsck.*
config doc: elaborate on what transfer.fsckObjects does
config doc: elaborate on fetch.fsckObjects security
transfer.fsckObjects tests: untangle confusing setup
fetch: implement fetch.fsck.*
fsck: test & document {fetch,receive}.fsck.* config fallback
fsck: add stress tests for fsck.skipList
fsck: test and document unknown fsck.<msg-id> values
tests: make use of the test_must_be_empty function
tests: make use of the test_must_be_empty function
fetch tests: change "Tag" test tag to "testTag"
push tests: remove redundant 'git push' invocation
push tests: fix logic error in "push" test assertion
push tests: add more testing for forced tag pushing
push tests: assert re-pushing annotated tags
negotiator: unknown fetch.negotiationAlgorithm should error out
fetch doc: cross-link two new negotiation options
sha1dc: update from upstream
push: use PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP instead of unbalanced brackets
fetch tests: correct a comment "remove it" -> "remove them"
pull doc: fix a long-standing grammar error
submodule: add more exhaustive up-path testing
refactor various if (x) FREE_AND_NULL(x) to just FREE_AND_NULL(x)
t2024: mark test using "checkout -p" with PERL prerequisite
tests: fix and add lint for non-portable head -c N
tests: fix and add lint for non-portable seq
tests: fix comment syntax in chainlint.sed for AIX sed
tests: use shorter labels in chainlint.sed for AIX sed
tests: fix version-specific portability issue in Perl JSON
tests: fix and add lint for non-portable grep --file
tests: fix non-portable "${var:-"str"}" construct
tests: fix non-portable iconv invocation

Åukasz Stelmach (1):
completion: complete remote names too