[RFC 00/11] perf: Enhancing perf to export processor hazard information
From: Ravi Bangoria
Date: Mon Mar 02 2020 - 00:24:49 EST
Most modern microprocessors employ complex instruction execution
pipelines such that many instructions can be 'in flight' at any
given point in time. Various factors affect this pipeline and
hazards are the primary among them. Different types of hazards
exist - Data hazards, Structural hazards and Control hazards.
Data hazard is the case where data dependencies exist between
instructions in different stages in the pipeline. Structural
hazard is when the same processor hardware is needed by more
than one instruction in flight at the same time. Control hazards
are more the branch misprediction kinds.
Information about these hazards are critical towards analyzing
performance issues and also to tune software to overcome such
issues. Modern processors export such hazard data in Performance
Monitoring Unit (PMU) registers. Ex, 'Sampled Instruction Event
Register' on IBM PowerPC[1][2] and 'Instruction-Based Sampling' on
AMD[3] provides similar information.
Implementation detail:
A new sample_type called PERF_SAMPLE_PIPELINE_HAZ is introduced.
If it's set, kernel converts arch specific hazard information
into generic format:
struct perf_pipeline_haz_data {
/* Instruction/Opcode type: Load, Store, Branch .... */
__u8 itype;
/* Instruction Cache source */
__u8 icache;
/* Instruction suffered hazard in pipeline stage */
__u8 hazard_stage;
/* Hazard reason */
__u8 hazard_reason;
/* Instruction suffered stall in pipeline stage */
__u8 stall_stage;
/* Stall reason */
__u8 stall_reason;
__u16 pad;
};
... which can be read by user from mmap() ring buffer. With this
approach, sample perf report in hazard mode looks like (On IBM
PowerPC):
# ./perf record --hazard ./ebizzy
# ./perf report --hazard
Overhead Symbol Shared Instruction Type Hazard Stage Hazard Reason Stall Stage Stall Reason ICache access
36.58% [.] thread_run ebizzy Load LSU Mispredict LSU Load fin L1 hit
9.46% [.] thread_run ebizzy Load LSU Mispredict LSU Dcache_miss L1 hit
1.76% [.] thread_run ebizzy Fixed point - - - - L1 hit
1.31% [.] thread_run ebizzy Load LSU ERAT Miss LSU Load fin L1 hit
1.27% [.] thread_run ebizzy Load LSU Mispredict - - L1 hit
1.16% [.] thread_run ebizzy Fixed point - - FXU Fixed cycle L1 hit
0.50% [.] thread_run ebizzy Fixed point ISU Source Unavailable FXU Fixed cycle L1 hit
0.30% [.] thread_run ebizzy Load LSU LMQ Full, DERAT Miss LSU Load fin L1 hit
0.24% [.] thread_run ebizzy Load LSU ERAT Miss - - L1 hit
0.08% [.] thread_run ebizzy - - - BRU Fixed cycle L1 hit
0.05% [.] thread_run ebizzy Branch - - BRU Fixed cycle L1 hit
0.04% [.] thread_run ebizzy Fixed point ISU Source Unavailable - - L1 hit
Also perf annotate with hazard data:
â Disassembly of section .text:
â
â 0000000010001cf8 <compare>:
â compare():
â return NULL;
â }
â
â static int
â compare(const void *p1, const void *p2)
â {
33.23 â std r31,-8(r1)
â {haz_stage: LSU, haz_reason: ERAT Miss, stall_stage: LSU, stall_reason: Store, icache: L1 hit}
â {haz_stage: LSU, haz_reason: ERAT Miss, stall_stage: LSU, stall_reason: Store, icache: L1 hit}
â {haz_stage: LSU, haz_reason: Load Hit Store, stall_stage: LSU, stall_reason: -, icache: L3 hit}
â {haz_stage: LSU, haz_reason: ERAT Miss, stall_stage: -, stall_reason: -, icache: L1 hit}
â {haz_stage: LSU, haz_reason: ERAT Miss, stall_stage: LSU, stall_reason: Store, icache: L1 hit}
â {haz_stage: LSU, haz_reason: ERAT Miss, stall_stage: LSU, stall_reason: Store, icache: L1 hit}
0.84 â stdu r1,-64(r1)
â {haz_stage: LSU, haz_reason: ERAT Miss, stall_stage: -, stall_reason: -, icache: L1 hit}
0.24 â mr r31,r1
â {haz_stage: -, haz_reason: -, stall_stage: -, stall_reason: -, icache: L1 hit}
21.18 â std r3,32(r31)
â {haz_stage: LSU, haz_reason: ERAT Miss, stall_stage: LSU, stall_reason: Store, icache: L1 hit}
â {haz_stage: LSU, haz_reason: ERAT Miss, stall_stage: LSU, stall_reason: Store, icache: L1 hit}
â {haz_stage: LSU, haz_reason: ERAT Miss, stall_stage: LSU, stall_reason: Store, icache: L1 hit}
Patches:
- Patch #1 is a simple cleanup patch
- Patch #2, #3, #4 implements generic and arch specific kernel
infrastructure
- Patch #5 enables perf record and script with hazard mode
- Patch #6, #7, #8 enables perf report with hazard mode
- Patch #9, #10, #11 enables perf annotate with hazard mode
Note:
- This series is based on the talk by Madhavan in LPC 2018[4]. This is
just an early RFC to get comments about the approach and not intended
to be merged yet.
- I've prepared the series base on v5.6-rc3. But it depends on generic
perf annotate fixes [5][6] which are already merged by Arnaldo in
perf/urgent and perf/core.
[1]: Book III, Section 9.4.10:
https://openpowerfoundation.org/?resource_lib=power-isa-version-3-0
[2]: https://wiki.raptorcs.com/w/images/6/6b/POWER9_PMU_UG_v12_28NOV2018_pub.pdf#G9.1106986
[3]: https://www.amd.com/system/files/TechDocs/24593.pdf#G19.1089550
[4]: https://linuxplumbersconf.org/event/2/contributions/76/
[5]: http://lore.kernel.org/r/20200204045233.474937-1-ravi.bangoria@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
[6]: http://lore.kernel.org/r/20200213064306.160480-1-ravi.bangoria@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
Madhavan Srinivasan (7):
perf/core: Data structure to present hazard data
powerpc/perf: Arch specific definitions for pipeline
powerpc/perf: Arch support to expose Hazard data
perf tools: Enable record and script to record and show hazard data
perf hists: Make a room for hazard info in struct hist_entry
perf hazard: Functions to convert generic hazard data to arch specific
string
perf report: Enable hazard mode
Ravi Bangoria (4):
powerpc/perf: Simplify ISA207_SIER macros
perf annotate: Introduce type for annotation_line
perf annotate: Preparation for hazard
perf annotate: Show hazard data in tui mode
arch/powerpc/include/asm/perf_event_server.h | 2 +
.../include/uapi/asm/perf_pipeline_haz.h | 80 ++++++
arch/powerpc/perf/core-book3s.c | 4 +
arch/powerpc/perf/isa207-common.c | 165 ++++++++++++-
arch/powerpc/perf/isa207-common.h | 23 +-
arch/powerpc/perf/power8-pmu.c | 1 +
arch/powerpc/perf/power9-pmu.c | 1 +
include/linux/perf_event.h | 7 +
include/uapi/linux/perf_event.h | 32 ++-
kernel/events/core.c | 6 +
tools/include/uapi/linux/perf_event.h | 32 ++-
tools/perf/Documentation/perf-record.txt | 3 +
tools/perf/builtin-annotate.c | 7 +-
tools/perf/builtin-c2c.c | 4 +-
tools/perf/builtin-diff.c | 6 +-
tools/perf/builtin-record.c | 1 +
tools/perf/builtin-report.c | 29 +++
tools/perf/tests/hists_link.c | 4 +-
tools/perf/ui/browsers/annotate.c | 128 ++++++++--
tools/perf/ui/gtk/annotate.c | 6 +-
tools/perf/util/Build | 2 +
tools/perf/util/annotate.c | 153 +++++++++++-
tools/perf/util/annotate.h | 38 ++-
tools/perf/util/event.h | 1 +
tools/perf/util/evsel.c | 10 +
tools/perf/util/hazard.c | 51 ++++
tools/perf/util/hazard.h | 14 ++
tools/perf/util/hazard/Build | 1 +
.../util/hazard/powerpc/perf_pipeline_haz.h | 80 ++++++
.../perf/util/hazard/powerpc/powerpc_hazard.c | 142 +++++++++++
.../perf/util/hazard/powerpc/powerpc_hazard.h | 14 ++
tools/perf/util/hist.c | 112 ++++++++-
tools/perf/util/hist.h | 13 +
tools/perf/util/machine.c | 6 +
tools/perf/util/machine.h | 3 +
tools/perf/util/perf_event_attr_fprintf.c | 1 +
tools/perf/util/record.h | 1 +
tools/perf/util/session.c | 16 ++
tools/perf/util/sort.c | 230 ++++++++++++++++++
tools/perf/util/sort.h | 23 ++
40 files changed, 1387 insertions(+), 65 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 arch/powerpc/include/uapi/asm/perf_pipeline_haz.h
create mode 100644 tools/perf/util/hazard.c
create mode 100644 tools/perf/util/hazard.h
create mode 100644 tools/perf/util/hazard/Build
create mode 100644 tools/perf/util/hazard/powerpc/perf_pipeline_haz.h
create mode 100644 tools/perf/util/hazard/powerpc/powerpc_hazard.c
create mode 100644 tools/perf/util/hazard/powerpc/powerpc_hazard.h
--
2.21.1