[PATCH 2/7] mm/thp: try_to_unmap() use TTU_SYNC for safe DEBUG_VM splitting

[Hugh Dickins]

Stressing huge tmpfs often crashed on unmap_page()'s VM_BUG_ON_PAGE
(!unmap_success): with dump_page() showing mapcount:1, but then its
raw struct page output showing _mapcount ffffffff i.e. mapcount 0.

And even if that particular VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!unmap_success) is removed,
it is immediately followed by a VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(compound_mapcount(head)),
and further down an IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_VM) total_mapcount BUG():
all indicative of some mapcount difficulty in development here perhaps.
But the !CONFIG_DEBUG_VM path handles the failures correctly and silently.

I believe the problem is that once a racing unmap has cleared pte or pmd,
try_to_unmap_one() may skip taking the page table lock, and emerge from
try_to_unmap() before the racing task has reached decrementing mapcount.

Instead of abandoning the unsafe VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(), and the ones that
follow, use PVMW_SYNC in try_to_unmap_one() in this case: adding TTU_SYNC
to the options, and passing that from unmap_page() when CONFIG_DEBUG_VM=y.
It could be passed in the non-debug case too, but that would sometimes add
a little overhead, whereas it's rare for this race to result in failure.

mm/memory-failure.c:hwpoison_user_mappings() should probably use the new
TTU_SYNC option too, just in case this race coincides with its attempts to
unmap a failing page (THP or not); but this commit does not add that.

Fixes: fec89c109f3a ("thp: rewrite freeze_page()/unfreeze_page() with generic rmap walkers")
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: <stable@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
 include/linux/rmap.h |  3 ++-
 mm/huge_memory.c     |  4 ++++
 mm/page_vma_mapped.c |  8 ++++++++
 mm/rmap.c            | 17 ++++++++++++++++-
 4 files changed, 30 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/rmap.h b/include/linux/rmap.h
index def5c62c93b3..891599a4cb8d 100644
--- a/include/linux/rmap.h
+++ b/include/linux/rmap.h
@@ -97,7 +97,8 @@ enum ttu_flags {
 					 * do a final flush if necessary */
 	TTU_RMAP_LOCKED		= 0x80,	/* do not grab rmap lock:
 					 * caller holds it */
-	TTU_SPLIT_FREEZE	= 0x100,		/* freeze pte under splitting thp */
+	TTU_SPLIT_FREEZE	= 0x100, /* freeze pte under splitting thp */
+	TTU_SYNC		= 0x200, /* avoid racy checks with PVMW_SYNC */
 };
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
diff --git a/mm/huge_memory.c b/mm/huge_memory.c
index 9fb7b47da87e..305f709a7aca 100644
--- a/mm/huge_memory.c
+++ b/mm/huge_memory.c
@@ -2357,6 +2357,10 @@ static void unmap_page(struct page *page)
 	if (PageAnon(page))
 		ttu_flags |= TTU_SPLIT_FREEZE;
 
+	/* Make sure that the BUGs will not bite */
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_VM))
+		ttu_flags |= TTU_SYNC;
+
 	unmap_success = try_to_unmap(page, ttu_flags);
 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!unmap_success, page);
 }
diff --git a/mm/page_vma_mapped.c b/mm/page_vma_mapped.c
index 2cf01d933f13..b45d22738b45 100644
--- a/mm/page_vma_mapped.c
+++ b/mm/page_vma_mapped.c
@@ -212,6 +212,14 @@ bool page_vma_mapped_walk(struct page_vma_mapped_walk *pvmw)
 			pvmw->ptl = NULL;
 		}
 	} else if (!pmd_present(pmde)) {
+		/*
+		 * If PVMW_SYNC, take and drop THP pmd lock so that we
+		 * cannot return prematurely, while zap_huge_pmd() has
+		 * cleared *pmd but not decremented compound_mapcount().
+		 */
+		if ((pvmw->flags & PVMW_SYNC) &&
+		    PageTransCompound(pvmw->page))
+			spin_unlock(pmd_lock(mm, pvmw->pmd));
 		return false;
 	}
 	if (!map_pte(pvmw))
diff --git a/mm/rmap.c b/mm/rmap.c
index 693a610e181d..07811b4ae793 100644
--- a/mm/rmap.c
+++ b/mm/rmap.c
@@ -1405,6 +1405,15 @@ static bool try_to_unmap_one(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
 	enum ttu_flags flags = (enum ttu_flags)(long)arg;
 
+	/*
+	 * When racing against e.g. zap_pte_range() on another cpu,
+	 * in between its ptep_get_and_clear_full() and page_remove_rmap(),
+	 * try_to_unmap() may return false when it is about to become true,
+	 * if page table locking is skipped: use TTU_SYNC to wait for that.
+	 */
+	if (flags & TTU_SYNC)
+		pvmw.flags = PVMW_SYNC;
+
 	/* munlock has nothing to gain from examining un-locked vmas */
 	if ((flags & TTU_MUNLOCK) && !(vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED))
 		return true;
@@ -1777,7 +1786,13 @@ bool try_to_unmap(struct page *page, enum ttu_flags flags)
 	else
 		rmap_walk(page, &rwc);
 
-	return !page_mapcount(page) ? true : false;
+	/*
+	 * When racing against e.g. zap_pte_range() on another cpu,
+	 * in between its ptep_get_and_clear_full() and page_remove_rmap(),
+	 * try_to_unmap() may return false when it is about to become true,
+	 * if page table locking is skipped: use TTU_SYNC to wait for that.
+	 */
+	return !page_mapcount(page);
 }
 
 /**
-- 
2.32.0.rc0.204.g9fa02ecfa5-goog