Re: [PATCH v3 1/3] md/raid1,raid10: Do not set MD_BROKEN on failfast io failure

From: Yu Kuai

Date: Sun Sep 07 2025 - 21:28:00 EST


Hi,

在 2025/09/05 23:07, Kenta Akagi 写道:

On 2025/09/02 1:48, Kenta Akagi wrote:


Hi,

By the way, I found two more issues.
This can be reproduced by causing a Failfast IO failure using the attached procedure.
I wrote patches for them. Would it make sense to send these as v4?

* raid1,raid10: IO error returned even when all writes succeed in narrow_write_error
When only one rdev remains, a failfast write bio is retried in
narrow_write_error() via handle_write_completed(). Even if all retries succeed,
R1BIO_Uptodate is not set. As a result, the upper layer get BLK_STS_IOERR.

This behavior appears to be intentional, under the assumption of at least one bad sector.
However, this behavior is undesirable for failfast retries.
In addition, although less likely, even on a normal HDD or SSD,
if all split writes succeed, the upper layer would still receive
BLK_STS_IOERR despite the write having ultimately completed successfully.
Of course, this does not apply if the other rdev writes succeed.

I'm not exactly sure how to handle the following point.
- Can a retried write be marked R1BIO_Uptodate after one failure in non-failfast?
- Should it only be marked Uptodate for failfast?

If retry succeed and no badblocks is set, we should set the IO uptodate,
return error to user is not good.

- Should failfast retries be handled outside narrow_write_error?

Please don't do this unless we have to.

For now, I attempt to set R1BIO_Uptodate whenever narrow_write_error() succeeds
and there are no bad blocks, regardless of MD_FAILFAST.

* raid10: no retry scheduled for failfast read failure
raid10_end_read_request lacks a path to retry when a FailFast IO fails.
As a result, when Failfast Read IOs fail on all rdevs,
the upper layer receives BLK_STS_IOERR without a retry,

Looking at the two commits below, it seems only raid10_end_read_request
lacks the failfast read retry handling, while raid1_end_read_request has it.
In RAID1, the retry works as expected.

I don't know why raid10_end_read_request lacks this, but it is probably
just a simple oversight.

- 8d3ca83dcf9c ("md/raid10: add failfast handling for reads.")
- 2e52d449bcec ("md/raid1: add failfast handling for reads.")


Yes, this looks correct.

Thanks,
Kuai

Here's how to reproduce :

# prepare nvmet/nvme-tcp and md array
sh-5.2# cat << 'EOF' > loopback-nvme.sh
set -eu
nqn="nqn.2025-08.io.example:nvmet-test-$1"
back=$2
cd /sys/kernel/config/nvmet/
mkdir subsystems/$nqn
echo 1 > subsystems/${nqn}/attr_allow_any_host
mkdir subsystems/${nqn}/namespaces/1
echo -n ${back} > subsystems/${nqn}/namespaces/1/device_path
echo 1 > subsystems/${nqn}/namespaces/1/enable
ports="ports/1"
if [ ! -d $ports ]; then
mkdir $ports
cd $ports
echo 127.0.0.1 > addr_traddr
echo tcp > addr_trtype
echo 4420 > addr_trsvcid
echo ipv4 > addr_adrfam
cd ../../
fi
ln -s /sys/kernel/config/nvmet/subsystems/${nqn} ${ports}/subsystems/
nvme connect -t tcp -n $nqn -a 127.0.0.1 -s 4420
EOF
sh-5.2# chmod +x loopback-nvme.sh
sh-5.2# modprobe -a nvme-tcp nvmet-tcp
sh-5.2# truncate -s 1g a.img b.img
sh-5.2# losetup --show -f a.img
/dev/loop0
sh-5.2# losetup --show -f b.img
/dev/loop1
sh-5.2# ./loopback-nvme.sh 0 /dev/loop0
connecting to device: nvme0
sh-5.2# ./loopback-nvme.sh 1 /dev/loop1
connecting to device: nvme1
sh-5.2# mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 \
--failfast /dev/nvme0n1 --failfast /dev/nvme1n1
...
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.

# run fio
sh-5.2# fio --name=test --filename=/dev/md0 --rw=randrw --rwmixread=50 \
--bs=4k --numjobs=9 --time_based --runtime=300s --group_reporting --direct=1

# It can reproduce the issue by block nvme traffic during fio
sh-5.2# iptables -A INPUT -m tcp -p tcp --dport 4420 -j DROP;
sh-5.2# sleep 10; # twice the default KATO value
sh-5.2# iptables -D INPUT -m tcp -p tcp --dport 4420 -j DROP


diff --git a/drivers/md/raid1.c b/drivers/md/raid1.c
index 408c26398321..ce4dff63f50a 100644
--- a/drivers/md/raid1.c
+++ b/drivers/md/raid1.c
static bool narrow_write_error(struct r1bio *r1_bio, int i)
{
struct mddev *mddev = r1_bio->mddev;
@@ -2519,13 +2521,16 @@ static bool narrow_write_error(struct r1bio *r1_bio, int i)
sector_t sector;
int sectors;
int sect_to_write = r1_bio->sectors;
- bool ok = true;
+ bool write_ok = true;
+ bool setbad_ok = true;
+ bool bbl_enabled = !(rdev->badblocks.shift < 0);

- if (rdev->badblocks.shift < 0)
- return false;
+ if (bbl_enabled)
+ block_sectors = roundup(1 << rdev->badblocks.shift,
+ bdev_logical_block_size(rdev->bdev) >> 9);
+ else
+ block_sectors = 1;

- block_sectors = roundup(1 << rdev->badblocks.shift,
- bdev_logical_block_size(rdev->bdev) >> 9);
sector = r1_bio->sector;
sectors = ((sector + block_sectors)
& ~(sector_t)(block_sectors - 1))
@@ -2543,18 +2554,25 @@ static bool narrow_write_error(struct r1bio *r1_bio, int i)
bio_trim(wbio, sector - r1_bio->sector, sectors);
wbio->bi_iter.bi_sector += rdev->data_offset;

- if (submit_bio_wait(wbio) < 0)
+ if (submit_bio_wait(wbio) < 0) {
/* failure! */
- ok = rdev_set_badblocks(rdev, sector,
- sectors, 0)
- && ok;
+ write_ok = false;
+ if (bbl_enabled)
+ setbad_ok = rdev_set_badblocks(rdev, sector,
+ sectors, 0)
+ && setbad_ok;
+ }

bio_put(wbio);
sect_to_write -= sectors;
sector += sectors;
sectors = block_sectors;
}
- return ok;
+
+ if (!write_ok &&
+ (!setbad_ok || !bbl_enabled))
+ return false;
+ return true;
}

static void handle_sync_write_finished(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
@@ -2585,26 +2603,34 @@ static void handle_write_finished(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
int m, idx;
bool fail = false;

- for (m = 0; m < conf->raid_disks * 2 ; m++)
- if (r1_bio->bios[m] == IO_MADE_GOOD) {
- struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[m].rdev;
+ for (m = 0; m < conf->raid_disks * 2 ; m++) {
+ struct md_rdev *rdev = conf->mirrors[m].rdev;
+ struct bio *bio = r1_bio->bios[m];
+ if (bio == IO_MADE_GOOD) {
rdev_clear_badblocks(rdev,
r1_bio->sector,
r1_bio->sectors, 0);
rdev_dec_pending(rdev, conf->mddev);
- } else if (r1_bio->bios[m] != NULL) {
+ } else if (bio != NULL) {
/* This drive got a write error. We need to
* narrow down and record precise write
* errors.
*/
fail = true;
- if (!narrow_write_error(r1_bio, m))
- md_error(conf->mddev,
- conf->mirrors[m].rdev);
+ if (!narrow_write_error(r1_bio, m)){
+ md_error(conf->mddev, rdev);
/* an I/O failed, we can't clear the bitmap */
- rdev_dec_pending(conf->mirrors[m].rdev,
- conf->mddev);
+ } else if(test_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags) &&
+ !test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags) &&
+ rdev_has_badblock(rdev,
+ r1_bio->sector,
+ r1_bio->sectors) == 0) {
+ set_bit(R1BIO_Uptodate, &r1_bio->state);
+ }
+ rdev_dec_pending(rdev, conf->mddev);
}
+ }
if (fail) {
spin_lock_irq(&conf->device_lock);
list_add(&r1_bio->retry_list, &conf->bio_end_io_list);
diff --git a/drivers/md/raid10.c b/drivers/md/raid10.c
index b60c30bfb6c7..7145daf1543b 100644
--- a/drivers/md/raid10.c
+++ b/drivers/md/raid10.c
@@ -399,6 +399,11 @@ static void raid10_end_read_request(struct bio *bio)
* wait for the 'master' bio.
*/
set_bit(R10BIO_Uptodate, &r10_bio->state);
+ } else if (test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags) &&
+ test_bit(R10BIO_FailFast, &r10_bio->state)) {
+ /* This was a fail-fast read so we definitely
+ * want to retry */
+ ;
} else if (!raid1_should_handle_error(bio)) {
uptodate = 1;
} else {



On 2025/09/01 16:48, Yu Kuai wrote:
Hi,

在 2025/09/01 12:22, Kenta Akagi 写道:


On 2025/09/01 12:22, Li Nan wrote:


在 2025/8/31 2:10, Kenta Akagi 写道:


On 2025/08/30 17:48, Li Nan wrote:


在 2025/8/29 20:21, Kenta Akagi 写道:


On 2025/08/29 11:54, Li Nan wrote:

在 2025/8/29 0:32, Kenta Akagi 写道:
This commit ensures that an MD_FAILFAST IO failure does not put
the array into a broken state.

When failfast is enabled on rdev in RAID1 or RAID10,
the array may be flagged MD_BROKEN in the following cases.
- If MD_FAILFAST IOs to multiple rdevs fail simultaneously
- If an MD_FAILFAST metadata write to the 'last' rdev fails

[...]

diff --git a/drivers/md/raid1.c b/drivers/md/raid1.c
index 408c26398321..8a61fd93b3ff 100644
--- a/drivers/md/raid1.c
+++ b/drivers/md/raid1.c
@@ -470,6 +470,7 @@ static void raid1_end_write_request(struct bio *bio)
                 (bio->bi_opf & MD_FAILFAST) &&
                 /* We never try FailFast to WriteMostly devices */
                 !test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags)) {
+            set_bit(FailfastIOFailure, &rdev->flags);
                 md_error(r1_bio->mddev, rdev);
             }
     @@ -1746,8 +1747,12 @@ static void raid1_status(struct seq_file *seq, struct mddev *mddev)
      *    - recovery is interrupted.
      *    - &mddev->degraded is bumped.
      *
- * @rdev is marked as &Faulty excluding case when array is failed and
- * &mddev->fail_last_dev is off.
+ * If @rdev has &FailfastIOFailure and it is the 'last' rdev,
+ * then @mddev and @rdev will not be marked as failed.
+ *
+ * @rdev is marked as &Faulty excluding any cases:
+ *    - when @mddev is failed and &mddev->fail_last_dev is off
+ *    - when @rdev is last device and &FailfastIOFailure flag is set
      */
     static void raid1_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
     {
@@ -1758,6 +1763,13 @@ static void raid1_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
           if (test_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags) &&
             (conf->raid_disks - mddev->degraded) == 1) {
+        if (test_and_clear_bit(FailfastIOFailure, &rdev->flags)) {
+            spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);
+            pr_warn_ratelimited("md/raid1:%s: Failfast IO failure on %pg, "
+                "last device but ignoring it\n",
+                mdname(mddev), rdev->bdev);
+            return;
+        }
             set_bit(MD_BROKEN, &mddev->flags);
               if (!mddev->fail_last_dev) {
@@ -2148,6 +2160,7 @@ static int fix_sync_read_error(struct r1bio *r1_bio)
         if (test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags)) {
             /* Don't try recovering from here - just fail it
              * ... unless it is the last working device of course */
+        set_bit(FailfastIOFailure, &rdev->flags);
             md_error(mddev, rdev);
             if (test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags))
                 /* Don't try to read from here, but make sure
@@ -2652,6 +2665,7 @@ static void handle_read_error(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
             fix_read_error(conf, r1_bio);
             unfreeze_array(conf);
         } else if (mddev->ro == 0 && test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags)) {
+        set_bit(FailfastIOFailure, &rdev->flags);
             md_error(mddev, rdev);
         } else {
             r1_bio->bios[r1_bio->read_disk] = IO_BLOCKED;
diff --git a/drivers/md/raid10.c b/drivers/md/raid10.c
index b60c30bfb6c7..530ad6503189 100644
--- a/drivers/md/raid10.c
+++ b/drivers/md/raid10.c
@@ -488,6 +488,7 @@ static void raid10_end_write_request(struct bio *bio)
                 dec_rdev = 0;
                 if (test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags) &&
                     (bio->bi_opf & MD_FAILFAST)) {
+                set_bit(FailfastIOFailure, &rdev->flags);
                     md_error(rdev->mddev, rdev);
                 }

Thank you for the patch. There may be an issue with 'test_and_clear'.

If two write IO go to the same rdev, MD_BROKEN may be set as below:

IO1                    IO2
set FailfastIOFailure
                       set FailfastIOFailure
    md_error
     raid1_error
      test_and_clear FailfastIOFailur
                          md_error
                         raid1_error
                          //FailfastIOFailur is cleared
                          set MD_BROKEN

Maybe we should check whether FailfastIOFailure is already set before
setting it. It also needs to be considered in metadata writes.
Thank you for reviewing.

I agree, this seems to be as you described.
So, should it be implemented as follows?

bool old=false;
do{
    spin_lock_irqsave(&conf->device_lock, flags);
    old = test_and_set_bit(FailfastIOFailure, &rdev->flags);
    spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);
}while(old);

However, since I am concerned about potential deadlocks,
so I am considering two alternative approaches:

* Add an atomic_t counter to md_rdev to track failfast IO failures.

This may set MD_BROKEN at a slightly incorrect timing, but mixing
error handling of Failfast and non-Failfast IOs appears to be rare.
In any case, the final outcome would be the same, i.e. the array
ends up with MD_BROKEN. Therefore, I think this should not cause
issues. I think the same applies to test_and_set_bit.

IO1                    IO2                    IO3
FailfastIOFailure      Normal IOFailure       FailfastIOFailure
atomic_inc
                                                   md_error                                     atomic_inc
     raid1_error
      atomic_dec //2to1
                          md_error
                           raid1_error           md_error
                            atomic_dec //1to0     raid1_error
                                                   atomic_dec //0
                                                     set MD_BROKEN

* Alternatively, create a separate error handler,
     e.g. md_error_failfast(), that clearly does not fail the array.

This approach would require somewhat larger changes and may not
be very elegant, but it seems to be a reliable way to ensure
MD_BROKEN is never set at the wrong timing.

Which of these three approaches would you consider preferable?
I would appreciate your feedback.


For metadata writes, I plan to clear_bit MD_FAILFAST_SUPPORTED
when the array is degraded.

Thanks,
Akagi


I took a closer look at the FailFast code and found a few issues, using
RAID1 as an example:

For normal read/write IO, FailFast is only triggered when there is another
disk is available, as seen in read_balance() and raid1_write_request().
In raid1_error(), MD_BROKEN is set only when no other disks are available.

Hi,
Agree, I think so too.

So, the FailFast for normal read/write is not triggered in the scenario you
described in cover-letter.

This corresponds to the case described in the commit message of PATCH v3 1/3.
"Normally, MD_FAILFAST IOs are not issued to the 'last' rdev, so this is
an edge case; however, it can occur if rdevs in a non-degraded
array share the same path and that path is lost, or if a metadata
write is triggered in a degraded array and fails due to failfast."

To describe it in more detail, the flow is as follows:

Prerequisites:

- Both rdevs are in-sync
- Both rdevs have in-flight MD_FAILFAST bios
- Both rdevs depend on the same lower-level path
    (e.g., nvme-tcp over a single Ethernet interface)

Sequence:

- A bios with REQ_FAILFAST_DEV fails (e.g., due to a temporary network outage),
    in the case of nvme-tcp:
     - The Ethernet connection is lost on the node where md is running over 5 seconds
     - Then the connection is restored. Idk the details of nvme-tcp implementation,
       but it seems that failfast IOs finish only after the connection is back.
- All failfast bios fail, raid1_end_write_request is called.
- md_error() marks one rdev Faulty; the other rdev becomes the 'last' rdev.
- md_error() on the last rdev sets MD_BROKEN on the array - fail_last_dev=1 is unlikely.
- The write is retried via handle_write_finished -> narrow_write_error, usually succeeding.
- MD_BROKEN remains set, leaving the array in a state where no further writes can occur.


Thanks for your patient explanation. I understand. Maybe we need a separate
error-handling path for failfast. How about adding an extra parameter to md_error()?

Thank you for reviewing.

I am thinking of proceeding like as follows.
md_error is EXPORT_SYMBOL. I think that it is undesirable to change the ABI of this function.


It doesn't matter if it's a exported symbol, we should just keep code as
simple as possible.
...
diff --git a/drivers/md/md.c b/drivers/md/md.c
index ac85ec73a409..855cddeb0c09 100644
--- a/drivers/md/md.c
+++ b/drivers/md/md.c
@@ -8197,3 +8197,3 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(md_unregister_thread);

-void md_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
+void _md_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev, bool nofail)
  {
@@ -8204,3 +8204,3 @@ void md_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
                 return;
-       mddev->pers->error_handler(mddev, rdev);
+       mddev->pers->error_handler(mddev, rdev, nofail);

@@ -8222,4 +8222,26 @@ void md_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
  }
+
+void md_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
+{
+       return _md_error(mddev, rdev, false);
+}
  EXPORT_SYMBOL(md_error);

+void md_error_failfast(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
+{
+       WARN_ON(mddev->pers->head.id != ID_RAID1 &&
+               mddev->pers->head.id != ID_RAID10);
+       return _md_error(mddev, rdev, true);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(md_error_failfast);
+

I will prefer we add a common procedures to fix this problme.

How about the first patch to serialize all the md_error(), and then
and a new helper md_bio_failue_error(mddev, rdev, bio), called when
bio is failed, in this helper:

1) if bio is not failfast, call md_error() and return true; otherwise:
2) if rdev contain the last data copy, return false directly, caller
should check return value and retry, otherwise:
3) call md_error() and return true;

Hi,
I think this approach has some issues. There are cases where md_error is
called only when MD_FAILFAST is set.

One example is the processing below in raid1_end_write_request.

Then, for raid1, the callers will look like:

iff --git a/drivers/md/md.c b/drivers/md/md.c
index 1baaf52c603c..c6d150e9f1a7 100644
--- a/drivers/md/md.c
+++ b/drivers/md/md.c
@@ -1003,9 +1003,7 @@ static void super_written(struct bio *bio)
        if (bio->bi_status) {
                pr_err("md: %s gets error=%d\n", __func__,
                       blk_status_to_errno(bio->bi_status));
-               md_error(mddev, rdev);
-               if (!test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags)
-                   && (bio->bi_opf & MD_FAILFAST)) {
+               if (!md_bio_failure_error(mddev, rdev, bio)) {
                        set_bit(MD_SB_NEED_REWRITE, &mddev->sb_flags);
                        set_bit(LastDev, &rdev->flags);
                }

@@ -466,20 +472,11 @@ static void raid1_end_write_request(struct bio *bio)
                        set_bit(MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED, &
                                conf->mddev->recovery);

-               if (test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags) &&
-                   (bio->bi_opf & MD_FAILFAST) &&
                    /* We never try FailFast to WriteMostly devices */
-                   !test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags)) {
-                       md_error(r1_bio->mddev, rdev);
-               }
-
-               /*
-                * When the device is faulty, it is not necessary to
-                * handle write error.
-                */
-               if (!test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags))
+               if(!test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags) &&
+                  !md_bio_failure_error(mddev, rdev, bio)) {
                        set_bit(R1BIO_WriteError, &r1_bio->state);
-               else {
+               } else {
                        /* Finished with this branch */
                        r1_bio->bios[mirror] = NULL;
                        to_put = bio;

In the current raid1_end_write_request implementation,
- md_error is called only in the Failfast case.
- Afterwards, if the rdev is not Faulty (that is, not Failfast,
or Failfast but the last rdev — which originally was not expected
MD_BROKEN in RAID1), R1BIO_WriteError is set.
In the suggested implementation, it seems that a non-Failfast write
failure will immediately mark the rdev as Faulty, without retries.

This could be avoided by testing MD_FAILFAST before call the
new helper md_bio_failure_error, but I believe duplicating the
same check in both caller/callee would be undesirable.

Should we try to avoid modifying pers->error_handler?
One possible alternative approach is as follows.

- serialize calls to md_error regardless of whether Failfast or not
- raid{1,10}_error is:
- The remaining copy (rdev) is marked with the LastDev flag
- clear MD_FAILFAST_SUPPORTED for prohibit super_write using Failfast
- super_written will simply put MD_SB_NEED_REWRITE without calling
md_error when MD_FAILFAST bio and LastDev rdev.

After the changes, I believe it is rare for super_written to be called with error on
multiple rdevs due to failfast. super_write is caused by errors from normal failfast
IO and invoked via MD_SB_CHANGE_DEVS through the serialized raid1_error. Since
MD_FAILFAST_SUPPORTED is cleared, metadata writes occur without failfast.

It's not exactly a common procedure, but as it doesn't add functions to md.c,
I think this approach is preferable to adding md_error_failfast().

...
diff --git a/drivers/md/md.c b/drivers/md/md.c
index 1baaf52c603c..ba524fa96091 100644
--- a/drivers/md/md.c
+++ b/drivers/md/md.c
@@ -1003,14 +1003,15 @@ static void super_written(struct bio *bio)
if (bio->bi_status) {
pr_err("md: %s gets error=%d\n", __func__,
blk_status_to_errno(bio->bi_status));
- md_error(mddev, rdev);
- if (!test_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags)
+ if (test_bit(LastDev, &rdev->flags)
&& (bio->bi_opf & MD_FAILFAST)) {
+ pr_warn("md: %s: Metadata write will be repeated to %pg\n",
+ mdname(mddev), rdev->bdev);
set_bit(MD_SB_NEED_REWRITE, &mddev->sb_flags);
- set_bit(LastDev, &rdev->flags);
+ } else {
+ md_error(mddev, rdev);
}
- } else
- clear_bit(LastDev, &rdev->flags);
+ }

bio_put(bio);
diff --git a/drivers/md/raid1.c b/drivers/md/raid1.c
index 408c26398321..a52c5277add7 100644
--- a/drivers/md/raid1.c
+++ b/drivers/md/raid1.c
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ static void raid1_end_write_request(struct bio *bio)
(bio->bi_opf & MD_FAILFAST) &&
/* We never try FailFast to WriteMostly devices */
!test_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags)) {
- md_error(r1_bio->mddev, rdev);
+ raid1_md_error_failfast(r1_bio->mddev, rdev);
}

/*
@@ -1733,6 +1733,27 @@ static void raid1_status(struct seq_file *seq, struct mddev *mddev)
seq_printf(seq, "]");
}

+static void _raid1_md_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev, bool failfast){
+ struct r1conf *conf = mddev->private;
+ unsigned long flags;
+
+ spin_lock_irqsave(&conf->new_lock_for_md_error, flags);
+ if (failfast)
+ set_bit(FailfastIOFailure, &rdev->flags);
+ md_error(mddev, rdev);
+ if (failfast)
+ WARN_ON(!test_and_clear_bit(FailfastIOFailure, &rdev->flags));
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->new_lock_for_md_error, flags);
+}
+
+static void raid1_md_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev){
+ return _raid1_md_error(mddev, rdev, false);
+}
+
+static void raid1_md_error_failfast(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev){
+ return _raid1_md_error(mddev, rdev, true);
+}
+
/**
* raid1_error() - RAID1 error handler.
* @mddev: affected md device.
@@ -1758,6 +1783,13 @@ static void raid1_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)

if (test_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags) &&
(conf->raid_disks - mddev->degraded) == 1) {
+ if (test_bit(FailfastIOFailure, &rdev->flags)) {
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);
+ pr_warn_ratelimited("md/raid1:%s: Failfast IO failure on %pg, "
+ "last device but ignoring it\n",
+ mdname(mddev), rdev->bdev);
+ return;
+ }
set_bit(MD_BROKEN, &mddev->flags);

if (!mddev->fail_last_dev) {
@@ -1767,8 +1799,16 @@ static void raid1_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
}
}
set_bit(Blocked, &rdev->flags);
- if (test_and_clear_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags))
+ if (test_and_clear_bit(In_sync, &rdev->flags)) {
mddev->degraded++;
+ clear_bit(MD_FAILFAST_SUPPORTED, &mddev->flags);
+ for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks; i++) {
+ struct md_rdev *rdev2 = conf->mirrors[i].rdev;
+ if (rdev2 && rdev != rdev2 &&
+ test_bit(In_sync, &rdev2->flags))
+ set_bit(LastDev, &rdev2->flags);
+ }
+ }
set_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);
/*
@@ -2118,7 +2158,7 @@ static int r1_sync_page_io(struct md_rdev *rdev, sector_t sector,
}
/* need to record an error - either for the block or the device */
if (!rdev_set_badblocks(rdev, sector, sectors, 0))
- md_error(rdev->mddev, rdev);
+ raid1_md_error(rdev->mddev, rdev);
return 0;
}
...


Thanks,
Akagi

@@ -2630,7 +2627,6 @@ static void handle_read_error(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
         */

        bio = r1_bio->bios[r1_bio->read_disk];
-       bio_put(bio);
        r1_bio->bios[r1_bio->read_disk] = NULL;

        rdev = conf->mirrors[r1_bio->read_disk].rdev;
@@ -2639,19 +2635,18 @@ static void handle_read_error(struct r1conf *conf, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
                freeze_array(conf, 1);
                fix_read_error(conf, r1_bio);
                unfreeze_array(conf);
-       } else if (mddev->ro == 0 && test_bit(FailFast, &rdev->flags)) {
-               md_error(mddev, rdev);
-       } else {
+       } else if (mddev->ro == 0 &&
+                  !md_bio_failure_error(mddev, rdev, bio)) {
                r1_bio->bios[r1_bio->read_disk] = IO_BLOCKED;
        }

+       bio_put(bio);
        rdev_dec_pending(rdev, conf->mddev);
        sector = r1_bio->sector;
-       bio = r1_bio->master_bio;

        /* Reuse the old r1_bio so that the IO_BLOCKED settings are preserved */
        r1_bio->state = 0;
-       raid1_read_request(mddev, bio, r1_bio->sectors, r1_bio);
+       raid1_read_request(mddev, r1_bio->maxter_bio, r1_bio->sectors, r1_bio);
        allow_barrier(conf, sector);
 }


  /* seq_file implementation /proc/mdstat */
diff --git a/drivers/md/md.h b/drivers/md/md.h
index 51af29a03079..6ca1aea630ce 100644
--- a/drivers/md/md.h
+++ b/drivers/md/md.h
@@ -758,3 +758,3 @@ struct md_personality
          */
-       void (*error_handler)(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev);
+       void (*error_handler)(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev, bool nofail);
         int (*hot_add_disk) (struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev);
@@ -903,3 +903,5 @@ extern void md_write_end(struct mddev *mddev);
  extern void md_done_sync(struct mddev *mddev, int blocks, int ok);
+void _md_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev, bool nofail);
  extern void md_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev);
+extern void md_error_failfast(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev);
  extern void md_finish_reshape(struct mddev *mddev);
diff --git a/drivers/md/raid0.c b/drivers/md/raid0.c
index f1d8811a542a..8aea51227a96 100644
--- a/drivers/md/raid0.c
+++ b/drivers/md/raid0.c
@@ -637,3 +637,4 @@ static void raid0_status(struct seq_file *seq, struct mddev *mddev)

-static void raid0_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
+static void raid0_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev,
+       bool nofail __maybe_unused)
  {
diff --git a/drivers/md/raid1.c b/drivers/md/raid1.c
index 408c26398321..d93275899e9e 100644
--- a/drivers/md/raid1.c
+++ b/drivers/md/raid1.c
@@ -1739,2 +1739,3 @@ static void raid1_status(struct seq_file *seq, struct mddev *mddev)
   * @rdev: member device to fail.
+ * @nofail: @mdev and @rdev must not fail even if @rdev is the last when @nofail set
   *
@@ -1748,6 +1749,8 @@ static void raid1_status(struct seq_file *seq, struct mddev *mddev)
   *
- * @rdev is marked as &Faulty excluding case when array is failed and
- * &mddev->fail_last_dev is off.
+ * @rdev is marked as &Faulty excluding any cases:
+ *     - when @mddev is failed and &mddev->fail_last_dev is off
+ *     - when @rdev is last device and @nofail is true
   */
-static void raid1_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
+static void raid1_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev,
+       bool nofail)
  {
@@ -1760,2 +1763,9 @@ static void raid1_error(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
             (conf->raid_disks - mddev->degraded) == 1) {
+               if (nofail) {
+                       spin_unlock_irqrestore(&conf->device_lock, flags);
+                       pr_warn_ratelimited("md/raid1:%s: IO failure on %pg, "
+                               "last device but ignoring it\n",
+                               mdname(mddev), rdev->bdev);
+                       return;
+               }
                 set_bit(MD_BROKEN, &mddev->flags);
...

Kuai, do you have any suggestions?

Normal writes may call md_error() in narrow_write_error. Normal reads do
not execute md_error() on the last disk.

Perhaps you should get more information to confirm how MD_BROKEN is set in
normal read/write IO.

Should I add the above sequence of events to the cover letter, or commit message?


I think we should mention this in the commit message.

Understood. I will explicitly describe this in the commit message in v4.

Thanks,
Akagi

Thanks,
Akagi

--
Thanks,
Nan




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--
Thanks,
Nan



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