[PATCH bpf-next v5 2/2] selftests/bpf: Add trampolines single and multi-level pointer params test coverage

From: Slava Imameev

Date: Fri Mar 13 2026 - 09:04:12 EST


Add single and multi-level pointer parameters and return value test
coverage for BPF trampolines. Includes verifier tests for single and
multi-level pointers. The tests check verifier logs for pointers
inferred as scalar() type.

Signed-off-by: Slava Imameev <slava.imameev@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
net/bpf/test_run.c | 17 +++++
.../selftests/bpf/prog_tests/verifier.c | 2 +
.../bpf/progs/verifier_ctx_ptr_param.c | 68 +++++++++++++++++++
3 files changed, 87 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/verifier_ctx_ptr_param.c

diff --git a/net/bpf/test_run.c b/net/bpf/test_run.c
index 56bc8dc1e281..14c4814a7dab 100644
--- a/net/bpf/test_run.c
+++ b/net/bpf/test_run.c
@@ -567,6 +567,23 @@ noinline void bpf_fentry_test_sinfo(struct skb_shared_info *sinfo)
{
}

+noinline void bpf_fentry_test_ppvoid(void **pp)
+{
+}
+
+noinline void bpf_fentry_test_pppvoid(void ***ppp)
+{
+}
+
+noinline void bpf_fentry_test_ppfile(struct file **ppf)
+{
+}
+
+noinline struct file **bpf_fexit_test_ret_ppfile(void)
+{
+ return (struct file **)NULL;
+}
+
__bpf_kfunc int bpf_modify_return_test(int a, int *b)
{
*b += 1;
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/verifier.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/verifier.c
index 8cdfd74c95d7..bcf01cb4cfe4 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/verifier.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/verifier.c
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@
#include "verifier_lsm.skel.h"
#include "verifier_jit_inline.skel.h"
#include "irq.skel.h"
+#include "verifier_ctx_ptr_param.skel.h"

#define MAX_ENTRIES 11

@@ -259,6 +260,7 @@ void test_verifier_lsm(void) { RUN(verifier_lsm); }
void test_irq(void) { RUN(irq); }
void test_verifier_mtu(void) { RUN(verifier_mtu); }
void test_verifier_jit_inline(void) { RUN(verifier_jit_inline); }
+void test_verifier_ctx_ptr_param(void) { RUN(verifier_ctx_ptr_param); }

static int init_test_val_map(struct bpf_object *obj, char *map_name)
{
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/verifier_ctx_ptr_param.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/verifier_ctx_ptr_param.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b507dc850543
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/verifier_ctx_ptr_param.c
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * Verifier tests for single- and multi-level pointer parameter handling
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 CrowdStrike, Inc.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/bpf.h>
+#include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h>
+#include <bpf/bpf_tracing.h>
+#include "bpf_misc.h"
+
+SEC("fentry/bpf_fentry_test_ppvoid")
+__description("fentry/void**: void ** inferred as scalar")
+__success __retval(0)
+__log_level(2)
+__msg("R1=ctx() R2=scalar()")
+__naked void fentry_ppvoid_as_scalar(void)
+{
+ asm volatile (" \
+ r2 = *(u64 *)(r1 + 0); \
+ r0 = 0; \
+ exit; \
+ " ::: __clobber_all);
+}
+
+SEC("fentry/bpf_fentry_test_pppvoid")
+__description("fentry/void***: void *** inferred as scalar")
+__success __retval(0)
+__log_level(2)
+__msg("R1=ctx() R2=scalar()")
+__naked void fentry_pppvoid_as_scalar(void)
+{
+ asm volatile (" \
+ r2 = *(u64 *)(r1 + 0); \
+ r0 = 0; \
+ exit; \
+ " ::: __clobber_all);
+}
+
+SEC("fentry/bpf_fentry_test_ppfile")
+__description("fentry/struct file***: struct file *** inferred as scalar")
+__success __retval(0)
+__log_level(2)
+__msg("R1=ctx() R2=scalar()")
+__naked void fentry_ppfile_as_scalar(void)
+{
+ asm volatile (" \
+ r2 = *(u64 *)(r1 + 0); \
+ r0 = 0; \
+ exit; \
+ " ::: __clobber_all);
+}
+
+SEC("fexit/bpf_fexit_test_ret_ppfile")
+__description("fexit/return struct file**: returned struct file ** inferred as scalar")
+__success __retval(0)
+__log_level(2)
+__msg("R1=ctx() R2=scalar()")
+__naked void fexit_ppfile_as_scalar(void)
+{
+ asm volatile (" \
+ r2 = *(u64 *)(r1 + 0); \
+ r0 = 0; \
+ exit; \
+ " ::: __clobber_all);
+}
+
+char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
--
2.34.1