Re: [PATCH v2 7/7] riscv: dts: spacemit: k1-orangepi-rv2: add SD card support with UHS modes
From: Trevor Gamblin
Date: Fri Mar 13 2026 - 10:02:50 EST
On 2026-03-09 07:40, Iker Pedrosa wrote:
Add complete SD card controller support with UHS high-speed modes.Hello again,
- Enable sdhci0 controller with 4-bit bus width
- Configure card detect GPIO with inversion
- Connect vmmc-supply to buck4 for 3.3V card power
- Connect vqmmc-supply to aldo1 for 1.8V/3.3V I/O switching
- Add dual pinctrl states for voltage-dependent pin configuration
- Support UHS-I SDR25, SDR50, and SDR104 modes
This enables full SD card functionality including high-speed UHS modes
for improved performance.
Signed-off-by: Iker Pedrosa <ikerpedrosam@xxxxxxxxx>
---
arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1-orangepi-rv2.dts | 19 +++++++++++++++++++
1 file changed, 19 insertions(+)
diff --git a/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1-orangepi-rv2.dts b/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1-orangepi-rv2.dts
index 414b03f5e6480f05f5d7eeaaa0afb4e86425ae36..361135269801f436703b6f1d768c91325a52f07f 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1-orangepi-rv2.dts
+++ b/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1-orangepi-rv2.dts
@@ -140,3 +140,22 @@ sd_vqmmc: aldo1 {
};
};
};
+
+&sdhci0 {
+ pinctrl-names = "default", "state_uhs";
+ pinctrl-0 = <&mmc1_cfg>;
+ pinctrl-1 = <&mmc1_uhs_cfg>;
+ bus-width = <4>;
+ cd-gpios = <&gpio K1_GPIO(80) GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
+ cd-inverted;
+ no-mmc;
+ no-sdio;
+ disable-wp;
+ cap-sd-highspeed;
+ vmmc-supply = <&sd_vmmc>;
+ vqmmc-supply = <&sd_vqmmc>;
+ sd-uhs-sdr25;
+ sd-uhs-sdr50;
+ sd-uhs-sdr104;
+ status = "okay";
+};
Thanks for doing this work. My colleagues and I have been testing this on an OrangePi RV2, and also a Muse Pi Pro board (making a similar tweak to this patch in k1-musepi-pro.dts). To do the testing on my end, I'm applying the patch series on top of 6.19 in a Yocto BSP.
I've been finding that I see issues with the UHS support on my side (this log comes from an image built and flashed to an SD card):
[ 1.072417] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Got CD GPIO
[ 1.109741] mmc0: SDHCI controller on d4280000.mmc [d4280000.mmc] using ADMA
[ 1.114589] clk: Disabling unused clocks
[ 1.118421] PM: genpd: Disabling unused power domains
[ 1.123249] ALSA device list:
[ 1.126[ 1.129949] check access for rdinit=/init failed: -2, ignoring
[ 1.133284] Waiting for root device PARTUUID=e94bfdd7-a36f-4315-a480-476e2a12403d...
[ 1.176569] mmc0: new UHS-I speed DDR50 SDHC card at address aaaa
[ 1.180732] mmcblk0: mmc0:aaaa SS16G 14.8 GiB
[ 1.276268] mmcblk0: recovery failed!
[ 1.277351] I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 0 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x800000 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 1.286346] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0, logical block 0, async page read
[ 1.293891] mmcblk0: recovery failed!
[ 1.297289] I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 0 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x800000 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 1.306269] Buffer I/O error on dev mmcblk0, logical block 0, async page read
[ 1.313522] mmcblk0: unable to read partition table
At first I wondered if maybe there was an issue with the card itself, but by changing the sdhci0 section to this, I'm able to read the SD just fine:
&sdhci0 {
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&mmc1_cfg>;
bus-width = <4>;
cd-gpios = <&gpio K1_GPIO(80) GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
cd-inverted;
no-mmc;
no-sdio;
disable-wp;
vmmc-supply = <&sd_vmmc>;
vqmmc-supply = <&sd_vqmmc>;
no-1-8-v;
status = "okay";
};
Here's the boot log, for comparison:
[ 1.068399] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Got CD GPIO
[ 1.105952] mmc0: SDHCI controller on d4280000.mmc [d4280000.mmc] using ADMA
[ 1.110807] clk: Disabling unused clocks
[ 1.114624] PM: genpd: Disabling unused power domains
[ 1.119456] ALSA device list:
[ 1.122[ 1.126159] check access for rdinit=/init failed: -2, ignoring
[ 1.129491] Waiting for root device PARTUUID=e94bfdd7-a36f-4315-a480-476e2a12403d...
[ 1.155817] mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address aaaa
[ 1.159367] mmcblk0: mmc0:aaaa SS16G 14.8 GiB
[ 1.173666] GPT:Primary header thinks Alt. header is not at the end of the disk.
[ 1.178530] GPT:1135739 != 31116287
[ 1.182045] GPT:Alternate GPT header not at the end of the disk.
[ 1.188124] GPT:1135739 != 31116287
[ 1.191650] GPT: Use GNU Parted to correct GPT errors.
[ 1.196894] mmcblk0: p1 p2 p3
[ 1.375482] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p3): recovery complete
[ 1.379459] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p3): mounted filesystem ad761819-1030-44fe-9267-f59c53c4b5c4 r/w with ordered data mode. Quota mode: disabled.
[ 1.390400] VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) on device 179:3.
To be sure, I tried a different SDXC card with your version and saw:
[ 1.064528] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Got CD GPIO
[ 1.102113] mmc0: SDHCI controller on d4280000.mmc [d4280000.mmc] using ADMA
[ 1.106978] clk: Disabling unused clocks
[ 1.110792] PM: genpd: Disabling unused power domains
[ 1.115622] ALSA device list:
[ 1.118[ 1.122325] check access for rdinit=/init failed: -2, ignoring
[ 1.125656] Waiting for root device PARTUUID=e94bfdd7-a36f-4315-a480-476e2a12403d...
[ 1.215840] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 1.220520] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 1.224931] mmc0: error -5 whilst initialising SD card
[ 1.378228] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 1.382901] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 1.506443] mmc0: new high speed SDXC card at address 1388
[ 1.510009] mmcblk0: mmc0:1388 SATC 57.7 GiB
[ 1.645467] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 1.650158] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 1.772856] GPT:Primary header thinks Alt. header is not at the end of the disk.
[ 1.777718] GPT:1135725 != 120930303
[ 1.781317] GPT:Alternate GPT header not at the end of the disk.
[ 1.787397] GPT:1135725 != 120930303
[ 1.791022] GPT: Use GNU Parted to correct GPT errors.
[ 1.796238] mmcblk0: p1 p2 p3
[ 1.917789] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 1.922483] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 2.174518] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 2.179193] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 2.337900] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p3): mounted filesystem d1f9e739-cc74-4c48-a774-390717721c53 r/w with ordered data mode. Quota mode: disabled.
[ 2.348031] VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) on device 179:3.
[ 2.492089] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 2.496771] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 2.617641] devtmpfs: mounted
[ 2.618771] Freeing unused kernel image (initmem) memory: 2432K
[ 2.624085] Run /sbin/init as init process
[ 2.749813] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 2.754492] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 3.013665] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 3.018357] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 3.279459] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 3.284139] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 3.541764] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 3.546450] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 3.665967] I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 259162 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x880700 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 3.672894] I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 259163 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x880700 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 3.683275] I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 259170 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x880700 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 3.691878] I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 259172 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x880700 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 3.701516] I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 259175 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x880700 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 3.711067] I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 259178 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x880700 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 3.720183] I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 259180 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x880700 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 3.730004] I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 259183 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x880700 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 3.739010] I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 259184 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x880700 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 3.888355] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 3.893045] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 4.149999] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 4.154686] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 4.283933] I/O error, dev mmcblk0, sector 209865 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x803000 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 4.290750] EXT4-fs warning (device mmcblk0p3): ext4_dx_find_entry:1726: inode #768: lblock 1: comm swapper/0: error -5 reading directory block
[ 4.303879] Starting init: /sbin/init exists but couldn't execute it (error -5)
[ 4.311194] Run /etc/init as init process
[ 4.316220] Run /bin/init as init process
[ 4.319996] Run /bin/sh as init process
[ 4.457522] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 4.462200] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 4.719271] sdhci-spacemit d4280000.mmc: Tuning failed: no stable window found
[ 4.723945] mmc0: tuning execution failed: -5
[ 4.842487] EXT4-fs warning (device mmcblk0p3): ext4_dx_find_entry:1726: inode #768: lblock 1: comm swapper/0: error -5 reading directory block
[ 4.852959] Starting init: /bin/sh exists but couldn't execute it (error -5)
[ 4.860044] Kernel panic - not syncing: No working init found. Try passing init= option to kernel. See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance.
[ 4.874394] CPU: 4 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.19.0-00008-ga23b3fad2d87 #1 NONE
[ 4.883295] Hardware name: OrangePi RV2 (DT)
I don't think I've missed anything between 6.19 and 7.x, but it's possible. It seems like there's a timing issue at play?
Let me know if I can help with further testing. I'm also in #spacemit on IRC.