Re: [PATCH v5] mm/userfaultfd: detect VMA type change after copy retry in mfill_copy_folio_retry()

[Usama Arif]

On Thu,  9 Apr 2026 13:06:53 +0100 David Carlier <devnexen@xxxxxxxxx> wrote:

> mfill_copy_folio_retry() drops mmap_lock for the copy_from_user() call.
> During this window, the VMA can be replaced with a different type (e.g.
> hugetlb), making the caller's ops pointer stale. Subsequent use of the
> stale ops can lead to incorrect folio handling or a kernel crash.
> 
> Pass the caller's ops into mfill_copy_folio_retry() and compare against
> the current vma_uffd_ops() after re-acquiring the lock. Return -EAGAIN
> if they differ so the operation can be retried.
> 
> Fixes: 59da5c32ffa3 ("userfaultfd: mfill_atomic(): remove retry logic")
> Signed-off-by: David Carlier <devnexen@xxxxxxxxx>
> ---
>  mm/userfaultfd.c | 14 ++++++++++++--
>  1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/mm/userfaultfd.c b/mm/userfaultfd.c
> index 481ec7eb4442..214923a411c1 100644
> --- a/mm/userfaultfd.c
> +++ b/mm/userfaultfd.c
> @@ -443,7 +443,9 @@ static int mfill_copy_folio_locked(struct folio *folio, unsigned long src_addr)
>  	return ret;
>  }
>  
> -static int mfill_copy_folio_retry(struct mfill_state *state, struct folio *folio)
> +static int mfill_copy_folio_retry(struct mfill_state *state,
> +				  const struct vm_uffd_ops *ops,
> +				  struct folio *folio)
>  {
>  	unsigned long src_addr = state->src_addr;
>  	void *kaddr;
> @@ -465,6 +467,14 @@ static int mfill_copy_folio_retry(struct mfill_state *state, struct folio *folio
>  	if (err)
>  		return err;
>  
> +	/*
> +	 * The VMA type may have changed while the lock was dropped
> +	 * (e.g. replaced with a hugetlb mapping), making the caller's
> +	 * ops pointer stale.
> +	 */
> +	if (vma_uffd_ops(state->vma) != ops)
> +		return -EAGAIN;
> +

hmm I am not sure if this is correct for shmem MAP_PRIVATE.

mfill_atomic_pte_copy() overrides ops to &anon_uffd_ops for MAP_PRIVATE
mappings:

    if (!(state->vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED))
        ops = &anon_uffd_ops;

This overridden ops pointer propagates through __mfill_atomic_pte() into
mfill_copy_folio_retry().  But the new check here calls vma_uffd_ops()
which returns the original file-backed ops (e.g. &shmem_uffd_ops).
For shmem MAP_PRIVATE VMAs, the comparison always fails even when
the VMA type has not changed.

Maybe save the original (non-overridden) ops before the MAP_PRIVATE override
and compare against that?