[PATCH bpf] bpf, lpm_trie: Allow lookups from sleepable BPF programs

From: Vlad Poenaru

Date: Fri May 29 2026 - 13:55:29 EST


trie_lookup_elem() annotates its rcu_dereference_check() walks with
only rcu_read_lock_bh_held(). Because rcu_dereference_check(p, c)
resolves to "c || rcu_read_lock_held()", this passes for XDP/NAPI and
classic RCU readers but fails for sleepable BPF programs, which enter
via __bpf_prog_enter_sleepable() and hold only rcu_read_lock_trace().

A sleepable LSM hook that ends up doing bpf_map_lookup_elem() on an LPM
trie therefore triggers lockdep on debug kernels:

=============================
WARNING: suspicious RCU usage
7.1.0-... Tainted: G E
-----------------------------
kernel/bpf/lpm_trie.c:249 suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage!
1 lock held by net_tests/540:
#0: (rcu_tasks_trace_srcu_struct){....}-{0:0},
at: __bpf_prog_enter_sleepable+0x26/0x280
Call Trace:
dump_stack_lvl
lockdep_rcu_suspicious
trie_lookup_elem
bpf_prog_..._enforce_security_socket_connect
bpf_trampoline_...
security_socket_connect
__sys_connect
do_syscall_64

This is lockdep-only -- no UAF, since Tasks Trace RCU does serialize
against the trie's reclaim path -- but it spams the console once per
distinct callsite on every debug kernel running a sleepable BPF LSM
that does map lookups on an LPM trie, which is increasingly common.

Other map types already use the bpf_rcu_lock_held() helper, which
accepts all three contexts (classic, BH, Tasks Trace). Use it here as
well, matching the established convention.

Fixes: 694cea395fde ("bpf: Allow RCU-protected lookups to happen from bh context")
Cc: stable@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Signed-off-by: Vlad Poenaru <vlad.wing@xxxxxxxxx>
---
kernel/bpf/lpm_trie.c | 4 ++--
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/bpf/lpm_trie.c b/kernel/bpf/lpm_trie.c
index 0f57608b385d..ac36063cb7e6 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/lpm_trie.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/lpm_trie.c
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ static void *trie_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *_key)

/* Start walking the trie from the root node ... */

- for (node = rcu_dereference_check(trie->root, rcu_read_lock_bh_held());
+ for (node = rcu_dereference_check(trie->root, bpf_rcu_lock_held());
node;) {
unsigned int next_bit;
size_t matchlen;
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ static void *trie_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *_key)
*/
next_bit = extract_bit(key->data, node->prefixlen);
node = rcu_dereference_check(node->child[next_bit],
- rcu_read_lock_bh_held());
+ bpf_rcu_lock_held());
}

if (!found)
--
2.53.0-Meta