Re: [PATCH v5 5/5] iommufd/vdevice: add TSM request ioctl

From: Aneesh Kumar K . V

Date: Tue Jun 02 2026 - 01:13:26 EST


"Dan Williams (nvidia)" <djbw@xxxxxxxxxx> writes:

> Aneesh Kumar K.V wrote:
>> >> I am leaning towards the latter at this point.
>> >
>> > But we already have struct pci_tsm_ops::guest_req, which is specific to
>> > the underlying CC architecture. From the above, pci_tsm_req_scope also
>> > appears to carry the same information. Is that useful?
>> >
>>
>> I think there is value in having the VMM express the guest’s
>> confidential computing architecture, so that the TSM backend can
>> validate whether it should handle that guest request ?.
>
> Yes, that is the idea.
>
>> So it would not be the IOMMU validating the scope value, but rather
>> pci_tsm_ops::guest_req.
>>
>> static ssize_t cca_tsm_guest_req(struct pci_tdi *tdi, enum pci_tsm_req_scope scope,
>> sockptr_t req, size_t req_len, sockptr_t resp,
>> size_t resp_len, u64 *tsm_code)
>> {
>> struct pci_dev *pdev = tdi->pdev;
>>
>> /* reject the guest request if VMM was using the link tsm wrongly. The guest
>> * was using a wrong CC archiecture with this link tsm
>> */
>> if (scope != TSM_REQ_TYPE_CCA)
>> return -EINVAL;
>
> Right, iommufd is tunneling TSM requests. The tunnel should have an
> envelope of TSM_REQ_TYPE_* and an @op field. The TSM driver gets those
> from iommufd, validates the envelope and then processes @req.
>
> This self-consistency and explicitness also buys some future-proofing.
> It allows for alternate command sets within an arch, cross TSM
> implementation shared commands, IOMMUFD-to-TSM requests outside of guest
> requests.
>
>> Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@xxxxxxxx> writes:
>>
>> > On Tue, May 26, 2026 at 11:17:50PM -0700, Dan Williams (nvidia) wrote:
>> >
>> >> In that case pci_tsm_req_scope becomes tsm_req_type and is just:
>> >>
>> >> TSM_REQ_TYPE_CCA
>> >> TSM_REQ_TYPE_SEV
>> >> TSM_REQ_TYPE_TDX
>> >>
>> >> I am leaning towards the latter at this point.
>> >
>> > Yeah, this sounds good. I would also include an common op field that
>> > can be decoded by the TSM driver based on the TYPE above, and the
>> > usual in/out message buffers.
>>
>> We already have iommufd_vdevice_tsm_op_ioctl() to handle common
>> operations.
>
> Per above, I believe this is about an @op value in a common location
> that iommufd can forward to the backend for validation of guest
> requests.
>
>> Right now, it handles IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_BIND and
>> IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_UNBIND. I guess we should move TSM_REQ_SET_TDI_STATE
>> operations to that as well?
>
> I think we can wait to move it to its own IOMMU operation unless/until
> there is a need to set RUN outside of an explicit guest request, right?

Something like the below? (the diff against this series)

I have not yet integrated this into the full CCA patchset for testing,
but I wanted to make sure we are aligned on the UAPI.

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/iommufd/tsm.c b/drivers/iommu/iommufd/tsm.c
index 56bb499ba7a9..345efba2e66e 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/iommufd/tsm.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/iommufd/tsm.c
@@ -61,17 +61,30 @@ int iommufd_vdevice_tsm_op_ioctl(struct iommufd_ucmd *ucmd)
return ret;
}

-static bool iommufd_vdevice_tsm_req_scope_valid(u32 scope)
+static bool iommufd_vdevice_tsm_req_arch_valid(u32 tvm_arch)
{
- if (scope > IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_SCOPE_PCI_LAST)
+ switch (tvm_arch) {
+ case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_CCA:
+ case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_SEV:
+ case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_TDX:
+ return true;
+ default:
return false;
+ }
+}

- switch (scope) {
- case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_INFO:
- case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_STATE_CHANGE:
- case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_DEBUG_READ:
- case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_DEBUG_WRITE:
+static bool iommufd_vdevice_tsm_req_op_valid(u32 op, u32 tvm_arch)
+{
+ switch (op) {
+ case TSM_REQ_READ_OBJECT:
+ case TSM_REQ_REGEN_OBJECT:
+ case TSM_REQ_OBJECT_INFO:
+ case TSM_REQ_VALIDATE_MMIO:
+ case TSM_REQ_SET_TDI_STATE:
return true;
+ case TSM_REQ_SEV_ENABLE_DMA:
+ case TSM_REQ_SEV_DISABLE_DMA:
+ return tvm_arch == IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_SEV;
default:
return false;
}
@@ -99,7 +112,8 @@ int iommufd_vdevice_tsm_req_ioctl(struct iommufd_ucmd *ucmd)
struct iommufd_vdevice *vdev;
struct iommu_vdevice_tsm_req *cmd = ucmd->cmd;
struct tsm_guest_req_info info = {
- .scope = cmd->scope,
+ .op = cmd->op,
+ .tvm_arch = cmd->tvm_arch,
.req = {
.user = u64_to_user_ptr(cmd->req_uptr),
.is_kernel = false,
@@ -112,10 +126,10 @@ int iommufd_vdevice_tsm_req_ioctl(struct iommufd_ucmd *ucmd)
.resp_len = cmd->resp_len,
};

- if (cmd->__reserved)
- return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+ if (!iommufd_vdevice_tsm_req_arch_valid(cmd->tvm_arch))
+ return -EINVAL;

- if (!iommufd_vdevice_tsm_req_scope_valid(cmd->scope))
+ if (!iommufd_vdevice_tsm_req_op_valid(cmd->op, cmd->tvm_arch))
return -EINVAL;

vdev = iommufd_get_vdevice(ucmd->ictx, cmd->vdevice_id);
diff --git a/drivers/pci/tsm.c b/drivers/pci/tsm.c
index 5fdcd7f2e820..439241c756fd 100644
--- a/drivers/pci/tsm.c
+++ b/drivers/pci/tsm.c
@@ -378,7 +378,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_tsm_bind);
/**
* pci_tsm_guest_req() - helper to marshal guest requests to the TSM driver
* @pdev: @pdev representing a bound tdi
- * @scope: caller asserts this passthrough request is limited to TDISP operations
+ * @op: guest-initiated request operation
+ * @tvm_arch: guest TVM architecture
* @req_in: Input payload forwarded from the guest
* @in_len: Length of @req_in
* @req_out: Output payload buffer response to the guest
@@ -387,7 +388,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_tsm_bind);
*
* This is a common entry point for requests triggered by userspace KVM-exit
* service handlers responding to TDI information or state change requests. The
- * scope parameter limits requests to TDISP state management, or limited debug.
+ * operation parameter limits requests to guest-initiated TSM operations.
* This path is only suitable for commands and results that are the host kernel
* has no use, the host is only facilitating guest to TSM communication.
*
@@ -400,7 +401,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_tsm_bind);
* Context: Caller is responsible for calling this within the pci_tsm_bind()
* state of the TDI.
*/
-ssize_t pci_tsm_guest_req(struct pci_dev *pdev, enum pci_tsm_req_scope scope,
+ssize_t pci_tsm_guest_req(struct pci_dev *pdev,
+ enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_req_op op,
+ enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_tvm_arch tvm_arch,
sockptr_t req_in, size_t in_len, sockptr_t req_out,
size_t out_len, u64 *tsm_code)
{
@@ -408,9 +411,30 @@ ssize_t pci_tsm_guest_req(struct pci_dev *pdev, enum pci_tsm_req_scope scope,
struct pci_tdi *tdi;
int rc;

- /* Forbid requests that are not directly related to TDISP operations */
- if (scope > PCI_TSM_REQ_STATE_CHANGE)
+ switch (tvm_arch) {
+ case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_CCA:
+ case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_SEV:
+ case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_TDX:
+ break;
+ default:
return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ switch (op) {
+ case TSM_REQ_READ_OBJECT:
+ case TSM_REQ_REGEN_OBJECT:
+ case TSM_REQ_OBJECT_INFO:
+ case TSM_REQ_VALIDATE_MMIO:
+ case TSM_REQ_SET_TDI_STATE:
+ break;
+ case TSM_REQ_SEV_ENABLE_DMA:
+ case TSM_REQ_SEV_DISABLE_DMA:
+ if (tvm_arch == IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_SEV)
+ break;
+ fallthrough;
+ default:
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }

ACQUIRE(rwsem_read_intr, lock)(&pci_tsm_rwsem);
if ((rc = ACQUIRE_ERR(rwsem_read_intr, &lock)))
@@ -430,8 +454,9 @@ ssize_t pci_tsm_guest_req(struct pci_dev *pdev, enum pci_tsm_req_scope scope,
tdi = pdev->tsm->tdi;
if (!tdi)
return -ENXIO;
- return to_pci_tsm_ops(pdev->tsm)->guest_req(tdi, scope, req_in, in_len,
- req_out, out_len, tsm_code);
+ return to_pci_tsm_ops(pdev->tsm)->guest_req(tdi, op, tvm_arch, req_in,
+ in_len, req_out, out_len,
+ tsm_code);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_tsm_guest_req);

diff --git a/drivers/virt/coco/tsm-core.c b/drivers/virt/coco/tsm-core.c
index ce01b19990f5..88cb168d8120 100644
--- a/drivers/virt/coco/tsm-core.c
+++ b/drivers/virt/coco/tsm-core.c
@@ -128,42 +128,15 @@ int tsm_unbind(struct device *dev)
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tsm_unbind);

-static int tsm_pci_req_scope(u32 scope, enum pci_tsm_req_scope *pci_scope)
-{
- switch (scope) {
- case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_INFO:
- *pci_scope = PCI_TSM_REQ_INFO;
- return 0;
- case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_STATE_CHANGE:
- *pci_scope = PCI_TSM_REQ_STATE_CHANGE;
- return 0;
- case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_DEBUG_READ:
- *pci_scope = PCI_TSM_REQ_DEBUG_READ;
- return 0;
- case IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_DEBUG_WRITE:
- *pci_scope = PCI_TSM_REQ_DEBUG_WRITE;
- return 0;
- default:
- return -EINVAL;
- }
-}
-
ssize_t tsm_guest_req(struct device *dev,
struct tsm_guest_req_info *info, u64 *tsm_code)
{
- int ret;
- enum pci_tsm_req_scope pci_scope;
-
if (!dev_is_pci(dev))
return -EINVAL;

- ret = tsm_pci_req_scope(info->scope, &pci_scope);
- if (ret)
- return ret;
-
- return pci_tsm_guest_req(to_pci_dev(dev), pci_scope, info->req,
- info->req_len, info->resp, info->resp_len,
- tsm_code);
+ return pci_tsm_guest_req(to_pci_dev(dev), info->op, info->tvm_arch,
+ info->req, info->req_len, info->resp,
+ info->resp_len, tsm_code);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tsm_guest_req);

diff --git a/include/linux/pci-tsm.h b/include/linux/pci-tsm.h
index ec2236a7a279..30a60551fcf5 100644
--- a/include/linux/pci-tsm.h
+++ b/include/linux/pci-tsm.h
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
struct pci_tsm;
struct tsm_dev;
struct kvm;
-enum pci_tsm_req_scope;

/*
* struct pci_tsm_ops - manage confidential links and security state
@@ -55,7 +54,8 @@ struct pci_tsm_ops {
struct kvm *kvm, u32 tdi_id);
void (*unbind)(struct pci_tdi *tdi);
ssize_t (*guest_req)(struct pci_tdi *tdi,
- enum pci_tsm_req_scope scope,
+ enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_req_op op,
+ enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_tvm_arch tvm_arch,
sockptr_t req_in, size_t in_len,
sockptr_t req_out, size_t out_len,
u64 *tsm_code);
@@ -160,46 +160,6 @@ static inline bool is_pci_tsm_pf0(struct pci_dev *pdev)
return PCI_FUNC(pdev->devfn) == 0;
}

-/**
- * enum pci_tsm_req_scope - Scope of guest requests to be validated by TSM
- *
- * Guest requests are a transport for a TVM to communicate with a TSM + DSM for
- * a given TDI. A TSM driver is responsible for maintaining the kernel security
- * model and limit commands that may affect the host, or are otherwise outside
- * the typical TDISP operational model.
- */
-enum pci_tsm_req_scope {
- /**
- * @PCI_TSM_REQ_INFO: Read-only, without side effects, request for
- * typical TDISP collateral information like Device Interface Reports.
- * No device secrets are permitted, and no device state is changed.
- */
- PCI_TSM_REQ_INFO = IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_INFO,
- /**
- * @PCI_TSM_REQ_STATE_CHANGE: Request to change the TDISP state from
- * UNLOCKED->LOCKED, LOCKED->RUN, or other architecture specific state
- * changes to support those transitions for a TDI. No other (unrelated
- * to TDISP) device / host state, configuration, or data change is
- * permitted.
- */
- PCI_TSM_REQ_STATE_CHANGE = IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_STATE_CHANGE,
- /**
- * @PCI_TSM_REQ_DEBUG_READ: Read-only request for debug information
- *
- * A method to facilitate TVM information retrieval outside of typical
- * TDISP operational requirements. No device secrets are permitted.
- */
- PCI_TSM_REQ_DEBUG_READ = IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_DEBUG_READ,
- /**
- * @PCI_TSM_REQ_DEBUG_WRITE: Device state changes for debug purposes
- *
- * The request may affect the operational state of the device outside of
- * the TDISP operational model. If allowed, requires CAP_SYS_RAW_IO, and
- * will taint the kernel.
- */
- PCI_TSM_REQ_DEBUG_WRITE = IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_DEBUG_WRITE,
-};
-
#ifdef CONFIG_PCI_TSM
int pci_tsm_register(struct tsm_dev *tsm_dev);
void pci_tsm_unregister(struct tsm_dev *tsm_dev);
@@ -214,7 +174,9 @@ int pci_tsm_bind(struct pci_dev *pdev, struct kvm *kvm, u32 tdi_id);
void pci_tsm_unbind(struct pci_dev *pdev);
void pci_tsm_tdi_constructor(struct pci_dev *pdev, struct pci_tdi *tdi,
struct kvm *kvm, u32 tdi_id);
-ssize_t pci_tsm_guest_req(struct pci_dev *pdev, enum pci_tsm_req_scope scope,
+ssize_t pci_tsm_guest_req(struct pci_dev *pdev,
+ enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_req_op op,
+ enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_tvm_arch tvm_arch,
sockptr_t req_in, size_t in_len, sockptr_t req_out,
size_t out_len, u64 *tsm_code);
#else
@@ -233,7 +195,8 @@ static inline void pci_tsm_unbind(struct pci_dev *pdev)
{
}
static inline ssize_t pci_tsm_guest_req(struct pci_dev *pdev,
- enum pci_tsm_req_scope scope,
+ enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_req_op op,
+ enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_tvm_arch tvm_arch,
sockptr_t req_in, size_t in_len,
sockptr_t req_out, size_t out_len,
u64 *tsm_code)
diff --git a/include/linux/tsm.h b/include/linux/tsm.h
index b83b72bbf5e3..cba0ada5f4cb 100644
--- a/include/linux/tsm.h
+++ b/include/linux/tsm.h
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
#include <linux/uuid.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/sockptr.h>
+#include <uapi/linux/iommufd.h>

#define TSM_REPORT_INBLOB_MAX 64
#define TSM_REPORT_OUTBLOB_MAX SZ_16M
@@ -132,14 +133,16 @@ int tsm_unbind(struct device *dev);

/**
* struct tsm_guest_req_info - parameter for tsm_guest_req()
- * @scope: iommufd allocated scope for tsm guest request
+ * @op: operation for the guest-initiated request
+ * @tvm_arch: guest TVM architecture
* @req: request data buffer filled by guest
* @req_len: the size of @req filled by guest
* @resp: response data buffer filled by host
* @resp_len: the size of @resp buffer filled by guest
*/
struct tsm_guest_req_info {
- u32 scope;
+ enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_req_op op;
+ enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_tvm_arch tvm_arch;
sockptr_t req;
size_t req_len;
sockptr_t resp;
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/iommufd.h b/include/uapi/linux/iommufd.h
index 70c2927c18bc..0789a705bb07 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/iommufd.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/iommufd.h
@@ -1375,54 +1375,46 @@ struct iommu_hw_queue_alloc {
};
#define IOMMU_HW_QUEUE_ALLOC _IO(IOMMUFD_TYPE, IOMMUFD_CMD_HW_QUEUE_ALLOC)

-/*
- * TSM request scope values are allocated by iommufd. Each device-bus transport
- * gets a range from this number space.
+/**
+ * enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_tvm_arch - guest TVM architecture
+ * @IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_CCA: Arm CCA TVM
+ * @IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_SEV: AMD SEV TVM
+ * @IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_TDX: Intel TDX TVM
*/
-#define IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_SCOPE_PCI_BASE 0
+enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_tvm_arch {
+ IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_CCA = 1,
+ IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_SEV,
+ IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_TVM_ARCH_TDX,
+};

-enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_req_scope {
- /*
- * Read-only, without side effects, request for typical TDISP
- * collateral information like Device Interface Reports. No device
- * secrets are permitted, and no device state is changed.
- */
- IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_INFO =
- IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_SCOPE_PCI_BASE,
- /*
- * Request to change the TDISP state from UNLOCKED->LOCKED,
- * LOCKED->RUN, or other architecture specific state changes to
- * support those transitions for a TDI. No other device or host state,
- * configuration, or data change is permitted.
- */
- IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_STATE_CHANGE =
- IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_SCOPE_PCI_BASE + 1,
- /*
- * Read-only request for debug information outside of typical TDISP
- * operational requirements. No device secrets are permitted.
- */
- IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_DEBUG_READ =
- IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_SCOPE_PCI_BASE + 2,
- /*
- * Device state changes for debug purposes. The request may affect the
- * operational state of the device outside of the TDISP operational
- * model. If allowed, this requires CAP_SYS_RAW_IO and taints the
- * kernel.
- */
- IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_DEBUG_WRITE =
- IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_SCOPE_PCI_BASE + 3,
- IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_SCOPE_PCI_LAST =
- IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ_PCI_DEBUG_WRITE,
+/**
+ * enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_req_op - operation for guest TSM requests
+ * @TSM_REQ_READ_OBJECT: Read a TSM object
+ * @TSM_REQ_REGEN_OBJECT: Regenerate a TSM object
+ * @TSM_REQ_OBJECT_INFO: Read TSM object information
+ * @TSM_REQ_VALIDATE_MMIO: Validate MMIO for the TDI
+ * @TSM_REQ_SET_TDI_STATE: Set TDI state
+ * @TSM_REQ_SEV_ENABLE_DMA: Enable SEV DMA
+ * @TSM_REQ_SEV_DISABLE_DMA: Disable SEV DMA
+ */
+enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_req_op {
+ TSM_REQ_READ_OBJECT = 1,
+ TSM_REQ_REGEN_OBJECT,
+ TSM_REQ_OBJECT_INFO,
+ TSM_REQ_VALIDATE_MMIO,
+ TSM_REQ_SET_TDI_STATE,
+ TSM_REQ_SEV_ENABLE_DMA,
+ TSM_REQ_SEV_DISABLE_DMA,
};

/**
* struct iommu_vdevice_tsm_req - ioctl(IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_REQ)
* @size: sizeof(struct iommu_vdevice_tsm_req)
* @vdevice_id: vDevice ID the guest request is for
- * @scope: One of enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_req_scope
+ * @op: One of enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_req_op
+ * @tvm_arch: One of enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_guest_tvm_arch
* @req_len: Size in bytes of the input payload at @req_uptr
* @resp_len: Size in bytes of the output buffer at @resp_uptr
- * @__reserved: Must be 0
* @req_uptr: Userspace pointer to the guest-provided request payload
* @resp_uptr: Userspace pointer to the guest response buffer
* @tsm_code: TSM-specific result code returned by the TSM implementation
@@ -1431,9 +1423,9 @@ enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_req_scope {
* guest TSM/TDISP message transport where the host kernel only marshals
* bytes between userspace and the TSM implementation.
*
- * Requests outside the iommufd allocated scope values are rejected. Lower
- * layers may reject scope values that are valid in the global iommufd
- * namespace, but not permitted for a specific bus.
+ * The request operation is guest initiated. Operations that may also be host
+ * initiated are handled through IOMMU_VDEVICE_TSM_OP instead. The TSM backend
+ * validates @tvm_arch against its bound TVM architecture assumptions.
*
* The request payload is read from @req_uptr/@req_len. If a response is
* expected, userspace provides @resp_uptr/@resp_len as writable storage for
@@ -1445,10 +1437,10 @@ enum iommu_vdevice_tsm_req_scope {
struct iommu_vdevice_tsm_req {
__u32 size;
__u32 vdevice_id;
- __u32 scope;
+ __u32 op;
+ __u32 tvm_arch;
__u32 req_len;
__u32 resp_len;
- __u32 __reserved;
__aligned_u64 req_uptr;
__aligned_u64 resp_uptr;
__aligned_u64 tsm_code;