Re: [PATCH] ASoC: cs35l41: Restore register state after system sleep

[Stefan Binding]

Hi,

I have some concerns about this patch.

This driver is used for more than just the Steam Deck, so we would need to ensure that this patch doesn't break those systems.
There are some potential complexities around cs35l41 with respect to Boost and DSP enablement that need careful thought when supporting system sleep.

The HDA equivalent driver for cs35l41 does have support for system sleep, but this driver works very differently.

I recommend reaching out to David Rhodes <david.rhodes@xxxxxxxxxx> for more information on the ASoC driver for CS35L41.
Please also cc patches@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.

Thanks,

Stefan

On 15/06/2026 15:54, Nícolas F. R. A. Prado wrote:
> Currently, on the Steam Deck LCD when the system goes into hibernation
> and resumes back, the speakers are silent when playing with:
>
>   aplay -D plughw:acp5x,1 /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Left.wav
>
> A crude workaround was to, after resuming the system, bypassing the
> regmap cache on the cs35l41 devices, before playing:
>
>   echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/regmap/spi-VLV1776\:00/cache_bypass
>   echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/regmap/spi-VLV1776\:01/cache_bypass
>
> That indicated that the hardware registers had gone out of sync with
> the regmap cache due to the power down in system hibernation.
>
> Fix the issue by, before system sleep, marking the regcache as cache
> only, and after system sleep, resetting the hardware and restoring the
> hardware registers from the regcache.
>
> This gets the sound working on the Steam Deck LCD after resume from S4.
>
> While the issue was only observed on S4 on this platform, the callbacks
> for suspend/resume are also set in the same way to account for platforms
> that might power down the chip on S3 as well.
>
> Note that this change does not take care of restoring the DSP state,
> since the affected platform does not use the DSP and it couldn't be
> tested, so it is only shut down on resume so it can be reinitialized in
> a future DSP preload event.
>
> Assisted-by: Copilot:claude-sonnet-4.6
> Signed-off-by: Nícolas F. R. A. Prado <nfraprado@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> ---
>  sound/soc/codecs/cs35l41.c | 127 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
>  1 file changed, 102 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/cs35l41.c b/sound/soc/codecs/cs35l41.c
> index b2a076706c79..231341a7eb44 100644
> --- a/sound/soc/codecs/cs35l41.c
> +++ b/sound/soc/codecs/cs35l41.c
> @@ -1199,9 +1199,41 @@ static int cs35l41_get_system_name(struct cs35l41_private *cs35l41)
>  	return ret;
>  }
>  
> +static int cs35l41_boot(struct cs35l41_private *cs35l41)
> +{
> +	u32 int_status;
> +	int ret;
> +
> +	if (cs35l41->reset_gpio) {
> +		/* satisfy minimum reset pulse width spec */
> +		gpiod_set_value_cansleep(cs35l41->reset_gpio, 0);
> +		usleep_range(2000, 2100);
> +		gpiod_set_value_cansleep(cs35l41->reset_gpio, 1);
> +	}
> +
> +	usleep_range(2000, 2100);
> +
> +	ret = regmap_read_poll_timeout(cs35l41->regmap, CS35L41_IRQ1_STATUS4,
> +				       int_status, int_status & CS35L41_OTP_BOOT_DONE,
> +				       1000, 100000);
> +	if (ret) {
> +		dev_err_probe(cs35l41->dev, ret,
> +			      "Failed waiting for OTP_BOOT_DONE\n");
> +		return ret;
> +	}
> +
> +	regmap_read(cs35l41->regmap, CS35L41_IRQ1_STATUS3, &int_status);
> +	if (int_status & CS35L41_OTP_BOOT_ERR) {
> +		dev_err(cs35l41->dev, "OTP Boot error\n");
> +		return -EINVAL;
> +	}
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
>  int cs35l41_probe(struct cs35l41_private *cs35l41, const struct cs35l41_hw_cfg *hw_cfg)
>  {
> -	u32 regid, reg_revid, i, mtl_revid, int_status, chipid_match;
> +	u32 regid, reg_revid, i, mtl_revid, chipid_match;
>  	int irq_pol = 0;
>  	int ret;
>  
> @@ -1242,29 +1274,10 @@ int cs35l41_probe(struct cs35l41_private *cs35l41, const struct cs35l41_hw_cfg *
>  			goto err;
>  		}
>  	}
> -	if (cs35l41->reset_gpio) {
> -		/* satisfy minimum reset pulse width spec */
> -		usleep_range(2000, 2100);
> -		gpiod_set_value_cansleep(cs35l41->reset_gpio, 1);
> -	}
> -
> -	usleep_range(2000, 2100);
> -
> -	ret = regmap_read_poll_timeout(cs35l41->regmap, CS35L41_IRQ1_STATUS4,
> -				       int_status, int_status & CS35L41_OTP_BOOT_DONE,
> -				       1000, 100000);
> -	if (ret) {
> -		dev_err_probe(cs35l41->dev, ret,
> -			      "Failed waiting for OTP_BOOT_DONE\n");
> -		goto err;
> -	}
>  
> -	regmap_read(cs35l41->regmap, CS35L41_IRQ1_STATUS3, &int_status);
> -	if (int_status & CS35L41_OTP_BOOT_ERR) {
> -		dev_err(cs35l41->dev, "OTP Boot error\n");
> -		ret = -EINVAL;
> +	ret = cs35l41_boot(cs35l41);
> +	if (ret)
>  		goto err;
> -	}
>  
>  	ret = regmap_read(cs35l41->regmap, CS35L41_DEVID, &regid);
>  	if (ret < 0) {
> @@ -1450,7 +1463,20 @@ static int cs35l41_sys_suspend(struct device *dev)
>  {
>  	struct cs35l41_private *cs35l41 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
>  
> -	dev_dbg(cs35l41->dev, "System suspend, disabling IRQ\n");
> +	dev_dbg(cs35l41->dev, "System suspend, saving state\n");
> +	disable_irq(cs35l41->irq);
> +
> +	regcache_cache_only(cs35l41->regmap, true);
> +	regcache_mark_dirty(cs35l41->regmap);
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int cs35l41_sys_poweroff(struct device *dev)
> +{
> +	struct cs35l41_private *cs35l41 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
> +
> +	dev_dbg(cs35l41->dev, "System poweroff, disabling IRQ\n");
>  	disable_irq(cs35l41->irq);
>  
>  	return 0;
> @@ -1476,20 +1502,71 @@ static int cs35l41_sys_resume_noirq(struct device *dev)
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> +static int cs35l41_sys_thaw(struct device *dev)
> +{
> +	struct cs35l41_private *cs35l41 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
> +
> +	dev_dbg(cs35l41->dev, "System thaw, reenabling IRQ\n");
> +	enable_irq(cs35l41->irq);
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
>  static int cs35l41_sys_resume(struct device *dev)
>  {
>  	struct cs35l41_private *cs35l41 = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
> +	int ret;
> +
> +	dev_dbg(cs35l41->dev, "System resume, restoring state\n");
> +
> +	regcache_cache_only(cs35l41->regmap, false);
> +
> +	ret = cs35l41_boot(cs35l41);
> +	if (ret)
> +		return ret;
> +
> +	cs35l41_test_key_unlock(cs35l41->dev, cs35l41->regmap);
> +	ret = regcache_sync(cs35l41->regmap);
> +	cs35l41_test_key_lock(cs35l41->dev, cs35l41->regmap);
> +	if (ret) {
> +		dev_err(cs35l41->dev, "Failed to restore register cache: %d\n", ret);
> +		return ret;
> +	}
> +
> +	ret = cs35l41_init_boost(cs35l41->dev, cs35l41->regmap,
> +				 &cs35l41->hw_cfg);
> +	if (ret)
> +		return ret;
>  
> -	dev_dbg(cs35l41->dev, "System resume, reenabling IRQ\n");
>  	enable_irq(cs35l41->irq);
>  
> +	if (!cs35l41->dsp.cs_dsp.running)
> +		return 0;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * DSP firmware is gone after a full power cycle. Reset the DSP
> +	 * software state so that firmware is reloaded on next DSP preload event
> +	 */
> +	wm_adsp_stop(&cs35l41->dsp);
> +
> +	if (!cs35l41->dsp.cs_dsp.booted)
> +		return 0;
> +
> +	wm_adsp_power_down(&cs35l41->dsp);
> +
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
>  EXPORT_GPL_DEV_PM_OPS(cs35l41_pm_ops) = {
>  	RUNTIME_PM_OPS(cs35l41_runtime_suspend, cs35l41_runtime_resume, NULL)
>  
> -	SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(cs35l41_sys_suspend, cs35l41_sys_resume)
> +	.suspend  = pm_sleep_ptr(cs35l41_sys_suspend),
> +	.resume   = pm_sleep_ptr(cs35l41_sys_resume),
> +	.freeze   = pm_sleep_ptr(cs35l41_sys_suspend),
> +	.thaw     = pm_sleep_ptr(cs35l41_sys_thaw),
> +	.poweroff = pm_sleep_ptr(cs35l41_sys_poweroff),
> +	.restore  = pm_sleep_ptr(cs35l41_sys_resume),
> +
>  	NOIRQ_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(cs35l41_sys_suspend_noirq, cs35l41_sys_resume_noirq)
>  };
>  
>
> ---
> base-commit: c425609d6ac4012c8bbf01ec2e10e801b1923a7b
> change-id: 20260615-cs35l41-s4-support-aac193d7ccba
>
> Best regards,