[PATCH v3 09/13] KVM: selftests: Always assert that vmptrld() succeeds

From: Sean Christopherson

Date: Wed Aug 26 2026 - 19:40:31 EST


Assert that vmptrld() succeeds instead of forcing all callers to do the
same, and opportunistically provide a macro to print (hopefully) useful
information on VMX instruction failures.

Leave load_vmcs() as-is for the moment to minimize the amount of churn
since the vmptrld() changes aren't completely trivial.

Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/vmx.h | 23 +++++++++----------
tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/x86/vmx.c | 3 +--
tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/state_test.c | 6 ++---
3 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/vmx.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/vmx.h
index cf37a03a93b9..8f004b946826 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/vmx.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/x86/vmx.h
@@ -309,6 +309,10 @@ struct vmx_msr_entry {

#include "evmcs.h"

+#define GUEST_ASSERT_VMX_INSN_SUCCEEDED(insn, __r, __pa) \
+ __GUEST_ASSERT(!__r, __stringify(insn) "[0x%lx] hit %s", \
+ __pa, __r < 0 ? "VM-Fail" : ex_str(__r))
+
static inline void vmxon(u64 phys)
{
u8 ret;
@@ -338,18 +342,6 @@ static inline void vmclear(u64 vmcs_pa)
__GUEST_ASSERT(!ret, "vmclear [0x%lx] failed\n", vmcs_pa);
}

-static inline int vmptrld(u64 vmcs_pa)
-{
- u8 ret;
-
- __asm__ __volatile__ ("vmptrld %[pa]; setna %[ret]"
- : [ret]"=rm"(ret)
- : [pa]"m"(vmcs_pa)
- : "cc", "memory");
-
- return ret;
-}
-
static inline int __vmptrld(u64 vmcs_pa)
{
u64 error_code;
@@ -366,6 +358,13 @@ static inline int __vmptrld(u64 vmcs_pa)
return vector ? vector : failed ? -EINVAL : 0;
}

+static inline void vmptrld(u64 vmcs_pa)
+{
+ int ret = __vmptrld(vmcs_pa);
+
+ GUEST_ASSERT_VMX_INSN_SUCCEEDED(vmptrld, ret, vmcs_pa);
+}
+
static inline u64 vmptrst(void)
{
u64 value = 0;
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/x86/vmx.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/x86/vmx.c
index 57a8287de0d2..e65024b9ea0d 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/x86/vmx.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/x86/vmx.c
@@ -172,8 +172,7 @@ bool load_vmcs(struct vmx_pages *vmx)
*(u32 *)(vmx->vmcs) = vmcs_revision();
vmclear(vmx->vmcs_gpa);

- if (vmptrld(vmx->vmcs_gpa))
- return false;
+ vmptrld(vmx->vmcs_gpa);

/* Setup shadow VMCS, do not load it yet. */
*(u32 *)(vmx->shadow_vmcs) = vmcs_revision() | 0x80000000ul;
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/state_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/state_test.c
index 203584fcaf62..a7786f478be0 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/state_test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86/state_test.c
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ static void vmx_l1_guest_code(struct vmx_pages *vmx_pages)
vmwrite(SECONDARY_VM_EXEC_CONTROL, SECONDARY_EXEC_SHADOW_VMCS);
vmwrite(VMCS_LINK_POINTER, vmx_pages->shadow_vmcs_gpa);

- GUEST_ASSERT(!vmptrld(vmx_pages->shadow_vmcs_gpa));
+ vmptrld(vmx_pages->shadow_vmcs_gpa);
GUEST_ASSERT(vmlaunch());
GUEST_SYNC(8);
GUEST_ASSERT(vmlaunch());
@@ -118,11 +118,11 @@ static void vmx_l1_guest_code(struct vmx_pages *vmx_pages)
GUEST_SYNC(9);
GUEST_ASSERT(vmreadz(GUEST_RIP) == 0xc0ffee);

- GUEST_ASSERT(!vmptrld(vmx_pages->vmcs_gpa));
+ vmptrld(vmx_pages->vmcs_gpa);
GUEST_ASSERT(!vmresume());
GUEST_ASSERT(vmreadz(VM_EXIT_REASON) == EXIT_REASON_VMCALL);

- GUEST_ASSERT(!vmptrld(vmx_pages->shadow_vmcs_gpa));
+ vmptrld(vmx_pages->shadow_vmcs_gpa);
GUEST_ASSERT(vmreadz(GUEST_RIP) == 0xc0ffffee);
GUEST_ASSERT(vmlaunch());
GUEST_ASSERT(vmresume());
--
2.55.0.887.g758fc8c411-goog