[PATCH 16/16] mm, swap: allow setting xswap device priority at creation

From: Baoquan He

Date: Thu Aug 27 2026 - 05:54:51 EST


Let the create interface (/sys/kernel/mm/xswap/create) accept an
optional priority:

echo "<percent> [<prio>]" > /sys/kernel/mm/xswap/create

A missing prio means DEF_SWAP_PRIO; and permitted values are
DEF_SWAP_PRIO or 0..SWAP_FLAG_PRIO_MASK, being consistent with the
swapon(2) ABI. Like a regular swap device, prio is set once at creation
and is not chnageable whne the device is active; use xswap_destroy
then create to cange it.

Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <hebaoquan@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
mm/swapfile.c | 33 +++++++++++++++++++++------------
1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/swapfile.c b/mm/swapfile.c
index ae0c549cc9aa..258b52bce438 100644
--- a/mm/swapfile.c
+++ b/mm/swapfile.c
@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@
#include "swap.h"
#include <linux/debugfs.h>

+#define DEF_SWAP_PRIO -1
+
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(swap_lock);

#ifdef CONFIG_XSWAP
@@ -159,9 +161,11 @@ static void xswap_debugfs_del(struct swap_info_struct *si)
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
-static int xswap_create(int percent);
+static int xswap_create(int percent, int prio);
static int xswap_destroy(int type);
/* /sys/kernel/mm/xswap/: create.
+ * Write "<percent> [<prio>]" to add a zswap-backed swap device; a missing
+ * priority means DEF_SWAP_PRIO.
* Per-device runtime size is tuned via debugfs type<N>_cluster_limit.
*/

@@ -169,21 +173,25 @@ static ssize_t xswap_create_store(struct kobject *kobj,
struct kobj_attribute *attr,
const char *buf, size_t count)
{
- unsigned long percent;
- int err;
+ long percent;
+ int prio = DEF_SWAP_PRIO;
+ int nr, err;

if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
return -EPERM;

- err = kstrtoul(buf, 0, &percent);
- if (err)
- return err;
+ /* "<percent> [<prio>]"; a missing prio means DEF_SWAP_PRIO.
+ * %li keeps kstrtoul(buf, 0)'s base-0 behavior for percent.
+ */
+ nr = sscanf(buf, "%li %d", &percent, &prio);
+ if (nr < 1)
+ return -EINVAL;

/* 0 means "use the default percent" */
if (percent == 0)
percent = XSWAP_DEFAULT_CLUSTER_PERCENT;

- err = xswap_create(percent);
+ err = xswap_create(percent, prio);
if (err < 0)
return err;

@@ -275,7 +283,6 @@ atomic_t nr_real_swapfiles;
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nr_swap_pages);
/* protected with swap_lock. reading in vm_swap_full() doesn't need lock */
long total_swap_pages;
-#define DEF_SWAP_PRIO -1
unsigned long swapfile_maximum_size;
#ifdef CONFIG_MIGRATION
bool swap_migration_ad_supported;
@@ -4340,7 +4347,7 @@ static int setup_swap_clusters_info(struct swap_info_struct *si,
/* Create a file-less xswap device. si->max = full RAM; @percent sets the
* runtime nr_clusters ceiling.
*/
-static int xswap_create(int percent)
+static int xswap_create(int percent, int prio)
{
struct swap_info_struct *si;
unsigned long ram, maxpages, init_clusters;
@@ -4348,6 +4355,8 @@ static int xswap_create(int percent)

if (percent < 1 || percent > 100)
return -EINVAL;
+ if (prio != DEF_SWAP_PRIO && (prio < 0 || prio > SWAP_FLAG_PRIO_MASK))
+ return -EINVAL;

/* xswap has no backing store, it relies on zswap. */
if (!zswap_is_enabled())
@@ -4391,15 +4400,15 @@ static int xswap_create(int percent)
goto bad_swap;

mutex_lock(&swapon_mutex);
- si->prio = DEF_SWAP_PRIO;
+ si->prio = prio;
si->list.prio = -si->prio;
si->avail_list.prio = -si->prio;
/* si->swap_file stays NULL: this is a file-less device */
enable_swap_info(si);
mutex_unlock(&swapon_mutex);

- pr_info("xswap: adding extendable swap type %d (%d%% of %lu pages = %u pages, max %lu)\n",
- si->type, percent, ram, si->pages, maxpages);
+ pr_info("xswap: adding extendable swap type %d (prio %d, %d%% of %lu pages = %u pages, max %lu)\n",
+ si->type, prio, percent, ram, si->pages, maxpages);
atomic_inc(&proc_poll_event);
wake_up_interruptible(&proc_poll_wait);

--
2.54.0