[PATCH] bpf: disasm: guard print_bpf_insn against BPF_MEMSX | BPF_DW

From: Utku Erol

Date: Thu Sep 03 2026 - 10:53:47 EST


print_bpf_insn() renders a BPF_LDX by indexing one of two size tables with
BPF_SIZE(insn->code) >> 3. For BPF_MEMSX it uses bpf_ldsx_string[], which
has only three entries (W/H/B) because a sign-extended doubleword load is
not a valid instruction. The LDX branch checks only that the mode is
BPF_MEM or BPF_MEMSX; it never rejects BPF_MEMSX | BPF_DW. For that opcode
BPF_SIZE(code) >> 3 == BPF_DW >> 3 == 3, one element past the end of the
3-entry array:

UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds: index 3 out of range for 'char *[3]'
KASAN: global-out-of-bounds: 8-byte read in print_bpf_insn

The out-of-bounds slot is then dereferenced as %s.

The disassembler is expected to run on unvalidated instructions. Since
commit b9c5d822f677 ("bpf: Add source and instruction diagnostic context")
the diagnostics facility disassembles instruction context from
check_subprogs(), before check_insn_fields() has rejected the opcode, so a
raw BPF_MEMSX | BPF_DW insn reaches print_bpf_insn on the ordinary
bpf_prog_load() path whenever a verifier log is requested (log_level >= 1).

Reject the impossible size the same way the branch already rejects an
unexpected mode, keeping the disassembler total for any opcode.

Fixes: b9c5d822f677 ("bpf: Add source and instruction diagnostic context")
Signed-off-by: Utku Erol <utkuerol71@xxxxxxxxx>
---
kernel/bpf/disasm.c | 4 ++++
1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/kernel/bpf/disasm.c b/kernel/bpf/disasm.c
index 50b3ca5149a0..70c2b281cfe9 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/disasm.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/disasm.c
@@ -299,6 +299,10 @@ void print_bpf_insn(const struct bpf_insn_cbs *cbs,
verbose(cbs->private_data, "BUG_ldx_%02x", insn->code);
return;
}
+ if (BPF_MODE(insn->code) == BPF_MEMSX && BPF_SIZE(insn->code) == BPF_DW) {
+ verbose(cbs->private_data, "BUG_ldsx_%02x", insn->code);
+ return;
+ }
verbose(cbs->private_data, "(%02x) r%d = *(%s *)(r%d %+d)",
insn->code, insn->dst_reg,
BPF_MODE(insn->code) == BPF_MEM ?
--
2.34.1