[PATCH bpf-next v2 13/13] selftests/bpf: cover the low-32 link for narrowing stack spills
From: Vineet Gupta
Date: Thu Sep 10 2026 - 12:58:34 EST
Two programs:
- zext_narrowing_spill_keeps_link: a 32-bit spill of a wide register,
filled back out, still follows a later narrowing of the source
- zext_narrowing_spill_byte_no_link: a 1-byte spill forms no link, since
the relation is not expressible
Signed-off-by: Vineet Gupta <vineet.gupta@xxxxxxxxx>
---
v2: new, with 12/13.
.../bpf/progs/verifier_linked_scalars.c | 54 +++++++++++++++++++
1 file changed, 54 insertions(+)
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/verifier_linked_scalars.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/verifier_linked_scalars.c
index e8a44e7579c8..ca7471f0293d 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/verifier_linked_scalars.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/verifier_linked_scalars.c
@@ -1048,6 +1048,60 @@ __naked void zext_fill_byte_forms_no_link(void)
: __clobber_all);
}
+/*
+ * A narrowing spill stores only the source's low 32 bits, so the slot is their
+ * zero-extension. A later narrowing of the source must still reach anything
+ * filled back out of that slot.
+ */
+SEC("socket")
+__success
+__naked void zext_narrowing_spill_keeps_link(void)
+{
+ asm volatile (" \
+ call %[bpf_get_prandom_u32]; \
+ r6 = r0; \
+ call %[bpf_get_prandom_u32]; \
+ r0 <<= 32; \
+ r6 |= r0; /* r6 = full 64-bit unknown */ \
+ *(u32 *)(r10 - 8) = r6; /* narrowing spill, forms the link */ \
+ r2 = *(u32 *)(r10 - 8); /* fill it back */ \
+ if w6 != 0 goto 1f; /* narrows r6, propagates to r2 */ \
+ if r2 == 0 goto 1f; \
+ r0 /= 0; \
+1: \
+ r0 = 0; \
+ exit; \
+" :
+ : __imm(bpf_get_prandom_u32)
+ : __clobber_all);
+}
+
+/*
+ * A sub-word spill is below the low-32 model, so no link is formed there.
+ */
+SEC("socket")
+__failure __msg("div by zero")
+__naked void zext_narrowing_spill_byte_no_link(void)
+{
+ asm volatile (" \
+ call %[bpf_get_prandom_u32]; \
+ r6 = r0; \
+ call %[bpf_get_prandom_u32]; \
+ r0 <<= 32; \
+ r6 |= r0; \
+ *(u8 *)(r10 - 8) = r6; /* 1-byte spill: no link */ \
+ r2 = *(u8 *)(r10 - 8); \
+ if w6 != 0 goto 1f; \
+ if r2 == 0 goto 1f; /* not deduced */ \
+ r0 /= 0; \
+1: \
+ r0 = 0; \
+ exit; \
+" :
+ : __imm(bpf_get_prandom_u32)
+ : __clobber_all);
+}
+
#ifdef CAN_USE_MOVSX
/*
--
2.53.0-Meta