Forwarded: [PATCH] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in super_90_sync
From: syzbot
Date: Wed Sep 16 2026 - 21:31:57 EST
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***
Subject: [PATCH] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in super_90_sync
Author: jchuang26@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
#syz test: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git master
Reported-by: syzbot+9e3014263a35700ab49b@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
diff --git a/drivers/md/md.c b/drivers/md/md.c
index 680b34a63..45fcf79b2 100644
--- a/drivers/md/md.c
+++ b/drivers/md/md.c
@@ -1393,7 +1393,12 @@ static int super_90_load(struct md_rdev *rdev, struct md_rdev *refdev, int minor
goto abort;
}
- if (sb->raid_disks <= 0)
+ /*
+ * A 0.90 superblock has only MD_SB_DISKS descriptors, and
+ * super_90_sync() uses raid_disks as the first free spare slot.
+ * Reject geometries which cannot be represented safely.
+ */
+ if (sb->raid_disks <= 0 || sb->raid_disks >= MD_SB_DISKS)
goto abort;
if (md_csum_fold(calc_sb_csum(sb)) != md_csum_fold(sb->sb_csum)) {
@@ -1408,6 +1413,9 @@ static int super_90_load(struct md_rdev *rdev, struct md_rdev *refdev, int minor
rdev->badblocks.shift = -1;
rdev->desc_nr = sb->this_disk.number;
+ /* desc_nr is used as an index into sb->disks[] below and later. */
+ if (rdev->desc_nr < 0 || rdev->desc_nr >= MD_SB_DISKS)
+ goto abort;
/* not spare disk */
if (rdev->desc_nr >= 0 && rdev->desc_nr < MD_SB_DISKS &&
@@ -1487,6 +1495,13 @@ static int super_90_validate(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *freshest, stru
clear_bit(Bitmap_sync, &rdev->flags);
clear_bit(WriteMostly, &rdev->flags);
+ /* rdev->desc_nr is used to index sb->disks[] below. */
+ if (rdev->desc_nr < 0 || rdev->desc_nr >= MD_SB_DISKS) {
+ pr_warn("md: invalid disk number %d on %pg\n",
+ rdev->desc_nr, rdev->bdev);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
if (mddev->raid_disks == 0) {
mddev->major_version = 0;
mddev->minor_version = sb->minor_version;
@@ -1575,6 +1590,14 @@ static int super_90_validate(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *freshest, stru
desc = sb->disks + rdev->desc_nr;
+ /* An active descriptor must not point past sb->disks[]. */
+ if ((desc->state & ((1<<MD_DISK_SYNC) | (1<<MD_DISK_ACTIVE))) &&
+ desc->raid_disk >= MD_SB_DISKS) {
+ pr_warn("md: invalid raid_disk %u on %pg\n",
+ desc->raid_disk, rdev->bdev);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
if (desc->state & (1<<MD_DISK_FAULTY))
set_bit(Faulty, &rdev->flags);
else if (desc->state & (1<<MD_DISK_SYNC)) {
@@ -1620,6 +1643,17 @@ static void super_90_sync(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
int i;
int active=0, working=0,failed=0,spare=0,nr_disks=0;
+ /*
+ * A 0.90 superblock has only MD_SB_DISKS descriptors and needs one
+ * free slot for spares/faulty disks. Refuse invalid geometry rather
+ * than indexing sb->disks[] out of bounds.
+ */
+ if (mddev->raid_disks < 0 || mddev->raid_disks >= MD_SB_DISKS) {
+ pr_warn("md: %s: invalid number of raid disks %d\n",
+ mdname(mddev), mddev->raid_disks);
+ return;
+ }
+
rdev->sb_size = MD_SB_BYTES;
sb = page_address(rdev->sb_page);
@@ -1693,6 +1727,12 @@ static void super_90_sync(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
desc_nr = rdev2->raid_disk;
else
desc_nr = next_spare++;
+ /* The slot number must fit in the on-disk descriptor array. */
+ if (desc_nr < 0 || desc_nr >= MD_SB_DISKS) {
+ pr_warn("md: %s: invalid disk descriptor %d\n",
+ mdname(mddev), desc_nr);
+ return;
+ }
rdev2->desc_nr = desc_nr;
d = &sb->disks[rdev2->desc_nr];
nr_disks++;
@@ -4428,6 +4468,20 @@ raid_disks_store(struct mddev *mddev, const char *buf, size_t len)
if (err)
return err;
noio_flags = memalloc_noio_save();
+ /*
+ * Make sure the new value fits in the selected metadata format.
+ * A 0.90 superblock has only MD_SB_DISKS descriptors, and
+ * super_90_sync() uses raid_disks as the first free spare slot.
+ */
+ if (mddev->max_disks && n >= mddev->max_disks) {
+ err = -EINVAL;
+ goto out_unlock;
+ }
+ if (mddev->persistent && mddev->major_version == 0 &&
+ n >= MD_SB_DISKS) {
+ err = -EINVAL;
+ goto out_unlock;
+ }
if (mddev->pers) {
if (n != mddev->raid_disks)
err = update_raid_disks(mddev, n);
@@ -7926,6 +7980,17 @@ int md_set_array_info(struct mddev *mddev, struct mdu_array_info_s *info)
mddev->ctime = ktime_get_real_seconds();
return 0;
}
+ /*
+ * A persistent 0.90 superblock has only MD_SB_DISKS descriptors, and
+ * one must stay free for spares/faulty disks. A larger raid_disks
+ * value would make super_90_sync() index sb->disks[] out of bounds.
+ */
+ if (info->raid_disks < 0 ||
+ (!info->not_persistent && info->raid_disks >= MD_SB_DISKS)) {
+ pr_warn("md: invalid number of raid disks %d\n",
+ info->raid_disks);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
mddev->major_version = MD_MAJOR_VERSION;
mddev->minor_version = MD_MINOR_VERSION;
mddev->patch_version = MD_PATCHLEVEL_VERSION;