[PATCH 16/31] KVM: Take memory protections into account for memory read/write/fetch

From: Paolo Bonzini

Date: Fri Sep 18 2026 - 10:13:27 EST


From: Nicolas Saenz Julienne <nsaenz@xxxxxxxxxx>

Take into account memory attributes when accessing guest memory through
the kvm_{read,write,fetch}*() family of functions.

All of these pass a struct kvm_memory_slot pointer to the actual
workhorse functions, in order to share code between the VM-wide and
vCPU-specific version of the functions (the latter of which handles the
multi-address-space case). For this reason they need specific changes
and do not work even though the gfn_to_hva() path has been taught already
about memory protection attributes.

Signed-off-by: Nicolas Saenz Julienne <nsaenz@xxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
virt/kvm/kvm_main.c | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
1 file changed, 26 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c b/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c
index 9fdec95ccce2..acf09059a1cd 100644
--- a/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c
+++ b/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c
@@ -3253,11 +3253,13 @@ static int next_segment(unsigned long len, int offset)
}

/* Copy @len bytes from guest memory at '(@gfn * PAGE_SIZE) + @offset' to @data */
-static int __kvm_read_guest_page(struct kvm_memory_slot *slot, gfn_t gfn,
- void *data, int offset, int len)
+static int __kvm_read_guest_page(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
+ gfn_t gfn, void *data, int offset, int len,
+ unsigned long attr)
{
int r;
unsigned long addr;
+ unsigned long attrs;

if (WARN_ON_ONCE(offset + len > PAGE_SIZE))
return -EFAULT;
@@ -3265,6 +3267,11 @@ static int __kvm_read_guest_page(struct kvm_memory_slot *slot, gfn_t gfn,
addr = gfn_to_hva_memslot_prot(slot, gfn, NULL);
if (kvm_is_error_hva(addr))
return -EFAULT;
+
+ attrs = kvm_get_memory_attributes(kvm, gfn);
+ if (attrs & attr)
+ return -EFAULT;
+
r = __copy_from_user(data, (void __user *)addr + offset, len);
if (r)
return -EFAULT;
@@ -3276,7 +3283,8 @@ int kvm_read_guest_page(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t gfn, void *data, int offset,
{
struct kvm_memory_slot *slot = gfn_to_memslot(kvm, gfn);

- return __kvm_read_guest_page(slot, gfn, data, offset, len);
+ return __kvm_read_guest_page(kvm, slot, gfn, data, offset, len,
+ KVM_MEMORY_ATTRIBUTE_NR);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_read_guest_page);

@@ -3285,7 +3293,8 @@ int kvm_vcpu_read_guest_page(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gfn_t gfn, void *data,
{
struct kvm_memory_slot *slot = kvm_vcpu_gfn_to_memslot(vcpu, gfn);

- return __kvm_read_guest_page(slot, gfn, data, offset, len);
+ return __kvm_read_guest_page(vcpu->kvm, slot, gfn, data, offset, len,
+ KVM_MEMORY_ATTRIBUTE_NR);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_vcpu_read_guest_page);

@@ -3294,7 +3303,8 @@ int kvm_vcpu_fetch_guest_page(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gfn_t gfn, void *data,
{
struct kvm_memory_slot *slot = kvm_vcpu_gfn_to_memslot(vcpu, gfn);

- return __kvm_read_guest_page(slot, gfn, data, offset, len);
+ return __kvm_read_guest_page(vcpu->kvm, slot, gfn, data, offset, len,
+ KVM_MEMORY_ATTRIBUTE_NX);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_vcpu_fetch_guest_page);

@@ -3338,8 +3348,9 @@ int kvm_vcpu_read_guest(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa, void *data, unsigned l
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_vcpu_read_guest);

-static int __kvm_read_guest_atomic(struct kvm_memory_slot *slot, gfn_t gfn,
- void *data, int offset, unsigned long len)
+static int __kvm_read_guest_atomic(struct kvm *kvm,
+ struct kvm_memory_slot *slot, gfn_t gfn,
+ void *data, int offset, unsigned long len)
{
int r;
unsigned long addr;
@@ -3347,6 +3358,9 @@ static int __kvm_read_guest_atomic(struct kvm_memory_slot *slot, gfn_t gfn,
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(offset + len > PAGE_SIZE))
return -EFAULT;

+ if (!kvm_mem_attributes_may_read_gfn(kvm, gfn))
+ return -EFAULT;
+
addr = gfn_to_hva_memslot_prot(slot, gfn, NULL);
if (kvm_is_error_hva(addr))
return -EFAULT;
@@ -3365,7 +3379,7 @@ int kvm_vcpu_read_guest_atomic(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa,
struct kvm_memory_slot *slot = kvm_vcpu_gfn_to_memslot(vcpu, gfn);
int offset = offset_in_page(gpa);

- return __kvm_read_guest_atomic(slot, gfn, data, offset, len);
+ return __kvm_read_guest_atomic(vcpu->kvm, slot, gfn, data, offset, len);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_vcpu_read_guest_atomic);

@@ -3383,6 +3397,10 @@ static int __kvm_write_guest_page(struct kvm *kvm,
addr = gfn_to_hva_memslot(memslot, gfn);
if (kvm_is_error_hva(addr))
return -EFAULT;
+
+ if (!kvm_mem_attributes_may_write_gfn(kvm, gfn))
+ return -EFAULT;
+
r = __copy_to_user((void __user *)addr + offset, data, len);
if (r)
return -EFAULT;
--
2.52.0