[PATCH RFC v4 1/4] RISC-V: paravirt: Add pvqspinlock KVM backend

From: GUO Ren (XuanTie)

Date: Mon Sep 21 2026 - 08:28:35 EST


Add the KVM backend for the SBI PVLOCK (paravirt qspinlock kick_cpu)
extension. kvm_sbi_ext_pvlock_kick_cpu() kicks the target vCPU out of
the halted state via kvm_vcpu_kick(), and yields to it with
kvm_vcpu_yield_to() when the target is already runnable.

Reviewed-by: Leonardo Bras <leobras@xxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: GUO Ren (XuanTie) <guoren@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
arch/riscv/include/asm/kvm_vcpu_sbi.h | 1 +
arch/riscv/include/asm/sbi.h | 5 ++++
arch/riscv/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 1 +
arch/riscv/kvm/Makefile | 1 +
arch/riscv/kvm/vcpu_sbi.c | 4 +++
arch/riscv/kvm/vcpu_sbi_pvlock.c | 54 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
6 files changed, 66 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/kvm_vcpu_sbi.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/kvm_vcpu_sbi.h
index f01a2860c751..cdc16e64ad19 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/kvm_vcpu_sbi.h
+++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/kvm_vcpu_sbi.h
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ extern const struct kvm_vcpu_sbi_extension vcpu_sbi_ext_fwft;
extern const struct kvm_vcpu_sbi_extension vcpu_sbi_ext_mpxy;
extern const struct kvm_vcpu_sbi_extension vcpu_sbi_ext_experimental;
extern const struct kvm_vcpu_sbi_extension vcpu_sbi_ext_vendor;
+extern const struct kvm_vcpu_sbi_extension vcpu_sbi_ext_pvlock;

#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_PMU_SBI
extern const struct kvm_vcpu_sbi_extension vcpu_sbi_ext_pmu;
diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/sbi.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/sbi.h
index 5725e0ca4dda..724ab834ad85 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/sbi.h
+++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/sbi.h
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ enum sbi_ext_id {
SBI_EXT_FWFT = 0x46574654,
SBI_EXT_MPXY = 0x4D505859,
SBI_EXT_DBTR = 0x44425452,
+ SBI_EXT_PVLOCK = 0x50564C4B,

/* Experimentals extensions must lie within this range */
SBI_EXT_EXPERIMENTAL_START = 0x08000000,
@@ -534,6 +535,10 @@ union sbi_dbtr_shmem_entry {
struct sbi_dbtr_id_msg id;
};

+enum sbi_ext_pvlock_fid {
+ SBI_EXT_PVLOCK_KICK_CPU = 0,
+};
+
/* SBI spec version fields */
#define SBI_SPEC_VERSION_DEFAULT 0x1
#define SBI_SPEC_VERSION_MAJOR_SHIFT 24
diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/riscv/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
index 20d9959ca44f..110a0d62113f 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
+++ b/arch/riscv/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
@@ -228,6 +228,7 @@ enum KVM_RISCV_SBI_EXT_ID {
KVM_RISCV_SBI_EXT_SUSP,
KVM_RISCV_SBI_EXT_FWFT,
KVM_RISCV_SBI_EXT_MPXY,
+ KVM_RISCV_SBI_EXT_PVLOCK,
KVM_RISCV_SBI_EXT_MAX,
};

diff --git a/arch/riscv/kvm/Makefile b/arch/riscv/kvm/Makefile
index 296c2ba05089..404a4c5f8984 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kvm/Makefile
+++ b/arch/riscv/kvm/Makefile
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ kvm-y += vcpu_sbi_sta.o
kvm-y += vcpu_sbi_system.o
kvm-$(CONFIG_RISCV_SBI_V01) += vcpu_sbi_v01.o
kvm-y += vcpu_switch.o
+kvm-y += vcpu_sbi_pvlock.o
kvm-y += vcpu_timer.o
kvm-y += vcpu_vector.o
kvm-y += vm.o
diff --git a/arch/riscv/kvm/vcpu_sbi.c b/arch/riscv/kvm/vcpu_sbi.c
index 1c4f874368fb..07f72e619fd5 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kvm/vcpu_sbi.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/kvm/vcpu_sbi.c
@@ -94,6 +94,10 @@ static const struct kvm_riscv_sbi_extension_entry sbi_ext[] = {
.ext_idx = KVM_RISCV_SBI_EXT_VENDOR,
.ext_ptr = &vcpu_sbi_ext_vendor,
},
+ {
+ .ext_idx = KVM_RISCV_SBI_EXT_PVLOCK,
+ .ext_ptr = &vcpu_sbi_ext_pvlock,
+ },
};

static const struct kvm_riscv_sbi_extension_entry *
diff --git a/arch/riscv/kvm/vcpu_sbi_pvlock.c b/arch/riscv/kvm/vcpu_sbi_pvlock.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..728e59f3f18f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/riscv/kvm/vcpu_sbi_pvlock.c
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2026 GUO Ren (XuanTie) <guoren@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/kvm_host.h>
+#include <asm/sbi.h>
+#include <asm/kvm_vcpu_sbi.h>
+
+static int kvm_sbi_ext_pvlock_kick_cpu(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ struct kvm_cpu_context *cp = &vcpu->arch.guest_context;
+ struct kvm *kvm = vcpu->kvm;
+ struct kvm_vcpu *target;
+
+ target = kvm_get_vcpu_by_id(kvm, cp->a0);
+ if (!target)
+ return SBI_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+ kvm_vcpu_kick(target);
+
+ if (READ_ONCE(target->ready))
+ kvm_vcpu_yield_to(target);
+
+ return SBI_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int kvm_sbi_ext_pvlock_handler(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_run *run,
+ struct kvm_vcpu_sbi_return *retdata)
+{
+ int ret = 0;
+ struct kvm_cpu_context *cp = &vcpu->arch.guest_context;
+ unsigned long funcid = cp->a6;
+
+ switch (funcid) {
+ case SBI_EXT_PVLOCK_KICK_CPU:
+ ret = kvm_sbi_ext_pvlock_kick_cpu(vcpu);
+ break;
+ default:
+ ret = SBI_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+ }
+
+ retdata->err_val = ret;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+const struct kvm_vcpu_sbi_extension vcpu_sbi_ext_pvlock = {
+ .extid_start = SBI_EXT_PVLOCK,
+ .extid_end = SBI_EXT_PVLOCK,
+ .handler = kvm_sbi_ext_pvlock_handler,
+};

--
2.43.0