[PATCH bpf-next 3/9] bpf: Add log support for iter link_create

From: Leon Hwang

Date: Mon Nov 09 2026 - 09:25:27 EST


iter BPF_LINK_CREATE returns an error without explaining invalid target
FDs, flags, or iterator information, or an unsupported program.

Pass the BPF_LINK_CREATE log to the iter attach path and report these
failures.

Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang <leon.hwang@xxxxxxxxx>
---
include/linux/bpf.h | 3 ++-
kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++------
kernel/bpf/syscall.c | 2 +-
3 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/bpf.h b/include/linux/bpf.h
index 520fd72e21fd..7ff256a5d98b 100644
--- a/include/linux/bpf.h
+++ b/include/linux/bpf.h
@@ -3276,7 +3276,8 @@ void bpf_iter_unreg_target(const struct bpf_iter_reg *reg_info);
int bpf_iter_prog_supported(struct bpf_prog *prog);
const struct bpf_func_proto *
bpf_iter_get_func_proto(enum bpf_func_id func_id, const struct bpf_prog *prog);
-int bpf_iter_link_attach(const union bpf_attr *attr, bpfptr_t uattr, struct bpf_prog *prog);
+int bpf_iter_link_attach(const union bpf_attr *attr, bpfptr_t uattr, struct bpf_prog *prog,
+ struct bpf_verifier_log *log);
int bpf_iter_new_fd(struct bpf_link *link);
bool bpf_link_is_iter(struct bpf_link *link);
struct bpf_prog *bpf_iter_get_info(struct bpf_iter_meta *meta, bool in_stop);
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c b/kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c
index f0b29a170935..dfefa5579e03 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
#include <linux/anon_inodes.h>
#include <linux/filter.h>
#include <linux/bpf.h>
+#include <linux/bpf_verifier.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate_trace.h>

struct bpf_iter_target_info {
@@ -528,7 +529,7 @@ bool bpf_link_is_iter(struct bpf_link *link)
}

int bpf_iter_link_attach(const union bpf_attr *attr, bpfptr_t uattr,
- struct bpf_prog *prog)
+ struct bpf_prog *prog, struct bpf_verifier_log *log)
{
struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo = NULL, *iter;
struct bpf_link_primer link_primer;
@@ -538,24 +539,36 @@ int bpf_iter_link_attach(const union bpf_attr *attr, bpfptr_t uattr,
bpfptr_t ulinfo;
int err;

- if (attr->link_create.target_fd || attr->link_create.flags)
+ if (attr->link_create.target_fd) {
+ bpf_log(log, "Invalid target_fd.\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ if (attr->link_create.flags) {
+ bpf_log(log, "Invalid flags.\n");
return -EINVAL;
+ }

memset(&linfo, 0, sizeof(union bpf_iter_link_info));

ulinfo = make_bpfptr(attr->link_create.iter_info, uattr.is_kernel);
linfo_len = attr->link_create.iter_info_len;
- if (bpfptr_is_null(ulinfo) ^ !linfo_len)
+ if (bpfptr_is_null(ulinfo) ^ !linfo_len) {
+ bpf_log(log, "iter_info and iter_info_len must be both set or both unset.\n");
return -EINVAL;
+ }

if (!bpfptr_is_null(ulinfo)) {
err = bpf_check_uarg_tail_zero(ulinfo, sizeof(linfo),
linfo_len);
- if (err)
+ if (err) {
+ bpf_log(log, "Invalid iter_info.\n");
return err;
+ }
linfo_len = min_t(u32, linfo_len, sizeof(linfo));
- if (copy_from_bpfptr(&linfo, ulinfo, linfo_len))
+ if (copy_from_bpfptr(&linfo, ulinfo, linfo_len)) {
+ bpf_log(log, "Invalid iter_info_len.\n");
return -EFAULT;
+ }
}

prog_btf_id = prog->aux->attach_btf_id;
@@ -570,8 +583,10 @@ int bpf_iter_link_attach(const union bpf_attr *attr, bpfptr_t uattr,
if (!tinfo)
return -ENOENT;

- if (!bpf_iter_target_support_prog(tinfo, prog))
+ if (!bpf_iter_target_support_prog(tinfo, prog)) {
+ bpf_log(log, "The iter target does not support the bpf prog.\n");
return -EINVAL;
+ }

link = kzalloc_obj(*link, GFP_USER | __GFP_NOWARN);
if (!link)
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/syscall.c b/kernel/bpf/syscall.c
index aed1c6a2f203..db135859a2d1 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/syscall.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/syscall.c
@@ -5928,7 +5928,7 @@ static int link_create(union bpf_attr *attr, bpfptr_t uattr, struct bpf_common_a
ret = bpf_raw_tp_link_attach(prog, NULL, attr->link_create.tracing.cookie,
attr->link_create.attach_type);
else if (prog->expected_attach_type == BPF_TRACE_ITER)
- ret = bpf_iter_link_attach(attr, uattr, prog);
+ ret = bpf_iter_link_attach(attr, uattr, prog, log);
else if (prog->expected_attach_type == BPF_LSM_CGROUP)
ret = cgroup_bpf_link_attach(attr, prog);
else if (is_tracing_multi(prog->expected_attach_type))
--
2.55.0