I guess it is not easy to produce a series of sounds without
waiting each note to finish. There is an 8 year old PC speaker
driver for BSD kernel that performs the BASIC PLAY lines in kernel.
Rather than porting it to Linux I chose a simple option of copying
the ioctl PC speaker code into a skeleton misc character device
driver. As a result I can issue ioctl "beep" calls against my
/dev/pcspeaker (character device with major number 10, minor number
240). E.g., replacing "/dev/console" with "/dev/pcspeaker" in
PCMCIA cardmgr.c will revive its sound effects.
Please pardon my ignorance in kernel linking. I don't know how to
refer to the existing _kd_mksound() code from the loadable module.
So I just cut and pasted the code from vt.c.
Ilguiz
From: Steven Hanley (sjh@wibble.net)
Date: Thu Jun 01 2000 - 23:36:57 EST
[...]
> Basically the pc speaker access from userspace is tied to having a
> valid tty in the machine. When there is no tty in the computer the pc
> speaker wont work. This of course means you need a video card in said
> machine.
[...]
#define PCSPEAKER_VERSION "1.0"
#define PCSPEAKER_MINOR 240
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/config.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
#if !defined(__i386__) && !defined(__x86_64__)
#error Cannot build speaker driver for this machine configuration.
#endif
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <linux/fcntl.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/vt_kern.h>
#include <linux/timex.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/system.h>
static int pcspeaker_open_cnt; /* #times opened */
static int pcspeaker_open_mode; /* special open modes */
#define PCSPEAKER_WRITE 1 /* opened for writing (exclusive) */
#define PCSPEAKER_EXCL 2 /* opened with O_EXCL */
/* I don't know how to link this module agains _kd_mktone() in
drivers/char/vt.c -- Ilguiz Latypov
*/
/*
* Generates sound of some frequency for some number of clock ticks
*
* If freq is 0, will turn off sound, else will turn it on for that time.
* If msec is 0, will return immediately, else will sleep for msec time, then
* turn sound off.
*
* We also return immediately, which is what was implied within the X
* comments - KDMKTONE doesn't put the process to sleep.
*/
#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__alpha__) || defined(__powerpc__) \
|| (defined(__mips__) && defined(CONFIG_ISA)) \
|| (defined(__arm__) && defined(CONFIG_HOST_FOOTBRIDGE)) \
|| defined(__x86_64__)
static void
kd_nosound(unsigned long ignored)
{
/* disable counter 2 */
outb(inb_p(0x61)&0xFC, 0x61);
return;
}
void
_kd_mksound2(unsigned int hz, unsigned int ticks)
{
static struct timer_list sound_timer = { function: kd_nosound };
unsigned int count = 0;
unsigned long flags;
if (hz > 20 && hz < 32767)
count = 1193180 / hz;
save_flags(flags);
cli();
del_timer(&sound_timer);
if (count) {
/* enable counter 2 */
outb_p(inb_p(0x61)|3, 0x61);
/* set command for counter 2, 2 byte write */
outb_p(0xB6, 0x43);
/* select desired HZ */
outb_p(count & 0xff, 0x42);
outb((count >> 8) & 0xff, 0x42);
if (ticks) {
sound_timer.expires = jiffies+ticks;
add_timer(&sound_timer);
}
} else
kd_nosound(0);
restore_flags(flags);
return;
}
#else
void
_kd_mksound2(unsigned int hz, unsigned int ticks)
{
}
#endif
static long long pcspeaker_llseek(struct file *file,loff_t offset, int origin )
{
return 0;
}
static ssize_t pcspeaker_read(struct file * file,
char * buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos )
{
return 0;
}
static ssize_t pcspeaker_write(struct file * file,
const char * buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos )
{
return 0;
}
static int pcspeaker_ioctl( struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg )
{
int perm;
perm = 0;
if (suser())
perm = 1;
switch( cmd ) {
case KIOCSOUND:
if (!perm)
return -EPERM;
if (arg)
arg = CLOCK_TICK_RATE / arg;
_kd_mksound2(arg, 0);
return 0;
case KDMKTONE:
if (!perm)
return -EPERM;
{
unsigned int ticks, count;
/*
* Generate the tone for the appropriate number of ticks.
* If the time is zero, turn off sound ourselves.
*/
ticks = HZ * ((arg >> 16) & 0xffff) / 1000;
count = ticks ? (arg & 0xffff) : 0;
if (count)
count = CLOCK_TICK_RATE / count;
_kd_mksound2(count, ticks);
return 0;
}
default:
return( -EINVAL );
}
}
static int pcspeaker_open( struct inode *inode, struct file *file )
{
if ((pcspeaker_open_cnt && (file->f_flags & O_EXCL)) ||
(pcspeaker_open_mode & PCSPEAKER_EXCL) ||
((file->f_mode & 2) && (pcspeaker_open_mode & PCSPEAKER_WRITE)))
return( -EBUSY );
if (file->f_flags & O_EXCL)
pcspeaker_open_mode |= PCSPEAKER_EXCL;
if (file->f_mode & 2)
pcspeaker_open_mode |= PCSPEAKER_WRITE;
pcspeaker_open_cnt++;
return( 0 );
}
static int pcspeaker_release( struct inode *inode, struct file *file )
{
lock_kernel();
pcspeaker_open_cnt--;
if (file->f_flags & O_EXCL)
pcspeaker_open_mode &= ~PCSPEAKER_EXCL;
if (file->f_mode & 2)
pcspeaker_open_mode &= ~PCSPEAKER_WRITE;
unlock_kernel();
return( 0 );
}
static struct file_operations pcspeaker_fops = {
owner: THIS_MODULE,
llseek: pcspeaker_llseek,
read: pcspeaker_read,
write: pcspeaker_write,
ioctl: pcspeaker_ioctl,
open: pcspeaker_open,
release: pcspeaker_release,
};
static struct miscdevice pcspeaker_dev = {
PCSPEAKER_MINOR,
"pcspeaker",
&pcspeaker_fops
};
static int __init pcspeaker_init(void)
{
int ret;
ret = misc_register( &pcspeaker_dev );
if (ret) {
printk(KERN_ERR "pcspeaker: can't misc_register on minor=%d\n", PCSPEAKER_MINOR);
goto out;
}
ret = 0;
printk(KERN_INFO "PC speaker driver v" PCSPEAKER_VERSION "\n");
out:
return( ret );
#if 0
outmisc:
misc_deregister( &pcspeaker_dev );
goto out;
#endif
}
static void __exit pcspeaker_cleanup_module (void)
{
misc_deregister( &pcspeaker_dev );
}
module_init(pcspeaker_init);
module_exit(pcspeaker_cleanup_module);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
EXPORT_NO_SYMBOLS;
/*
* Local variables:
* c-indent-level: 4
* tab-width: 4
* compile-command: "gcc -pipe -mpreferred-stack-boundary=2 -march=i386 -O2 -D__KERNEL__ -I../include -I/home/ilatypov/linux/include -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fomit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -DMODULE -DMODVERSIONS -include /home/ilatypov/linux/include/linux/modversions.h -c pcspeaker.c -o pcspeaker.o"
* End:
*/
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/kd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define CLOCK_TICK_RATE 1193180
#define NUMNOTES 12
unsigned long notes[NUMNOTES] = { 26163, 27718, 29366, 31113, 32963, 34923,
37000, 39200, 41530, 44000, 46616, 49388 };
int default_note = 10; // 1-based
#define DEFAULT_PARAMS_LEN 3
static const char *default_params[DEFAULT_PARAMS_LEN] = {
"beep", "-10", "10" };
static int fd = -1;
void exiting(int signum) {
int tone = 0;
if (fd >= 0)
ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, tone);
}
int check_sound_capabilities(const char *filename, int *fd) {
int tone;
int lfd;
if (strcmp(filename, "-")) {
lfd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
if (lfd < 0) {
perror(filename);
return 0;
}
} else {
lfd = 0;
}
tone = 0;
if (ioctl(lfd, KIOCSOUND, tone)) {
close(lfd);
perror(filename);
return 0;
}
if (fd != NULL) {
*fd = lfd;
}
return 1;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int i;
unsigned int tone;
int hertz, length;
int param_len;
const char **params;
if (!check_sound_capabilities("/dev/pcspeaker", &fd) &&
!check_sound_capabilities("-", &fd) &&
!check_sound_capabilities("/dev/tty0", &fd)) {
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
if (argc <= 1) {
params = default_params;
param_len = DEFAULT_PARAMS_LEN;
} else {
params = (const char **)argv;
param_len = argc;
}
signal(SIGHUP, exiting);
signal(SIGINT, exiting);
signal(SIGQUIT, exiting);
signal(SIGPIPE, exiting);
signal(SIGTERM, exiting);
signal(SIGTSTP, exiting);
for (i = 1; i < param_len; i += 2) {
hertz = strtol(params[i], NULL, 0);
if (hertz < 0) {
if (hertz < -NUMNOTES)
hertz = -default_note;
hertz = notes[-hertz - 1];
}
if (i + 1 < param_len)
length = strtol(params[i + 1], NULL, 0);
else
length = 10;
// printf("hertz %d\n", hertz); fflush(stdout);
tone = (CLOCK_TICK_RATE * 100) / hertz;
ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, tone);
usleep(((unsigned long)length) * 10000);
tone = 0;
ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, tone);
}
close(fd);
fd = -1;
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
return 0;
}
all: beep
pcspeaker.o: pcspeaker.c
gcc -pipe -mpreferred-stack-boundary=2 -march=i386 -O2 -D__KERNEL__ -I../include -I/home/ilatypov/linux/include -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fomit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -DMODULE -DMODVERSIONS -include /home/ilatypov/linux/include/linux/modversions.h -c pcspeaker.c -o pcspeaker.o
clean:
rm -rf beep *.o *~ *.gdb
-
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This archive was generated by hypermail 2b29 : Sun Dec 23 2001 - 21:00:23 EST