Re: [KVM PATCH v7 2/2] KVM: add iosignalfd support
From: Avi Kivity
Date: Thu Jun 18 2009 - 07:45:33 EST
On 06/16/2009 04:42 PM, Gregory Haskins wrote:
iosignalfd is a mechanism to register PIO/MMIO regions to trigger an eventfd
signal when written to by a guest. Host userspace can register any arbitrary
IO address with a corresponding eventfd and then pass the eventfd to a
specific end-point of interest for handling.
Normal IO requires a blocking round-trip since the operation may cause
side-effects in the emulated model or may return data to the caller.
Therefore, an IO in KVM traps from the guest to the host, causes a VMX/SVM
"heavy-weight" exit back to userspace, and is ultimately serviced by qemu's
device model synchronously before returning control back to the vcpu.
However, there is a subclass of IO which acts purely as a trigger for
other IO (such as to kick off an out-of-band DMA request, etc). For these
patterns, the synchronous call is particularly expensive since we really
only want to simply get our notification transmitted asychronously and
return as quickly as possible. All the sychronous infrastructure to ensure
proper data-dependencies are met in the normal IO case are just unecessary
overhead for signalling. This adds additional computational load on the
system, as well as latency to the signalling path.
Therefore, we provide a mechanism for registration of an in-kernel trigger
point that allows the VCPU to only require a very brief, lightweight
exit just long enough to signal an eventfd. This also means that any
clients compatible with the eventfd interface (which includes userspace
and kernelspace equally well) can now register to be notified. The end
result should be a more flexible and higher performance notification API
for the backend KVM hypervisor and perhipheral components.
To test this theory, we built a test-harness called "doorbell". This
module has a function called "doorbell_ring()" which simply increments a
counter for each time the doorbell is signaled. It supports signalling
from either an eventfd, or an ioctl().
We then wired up two paths to the doorbell: One via QEMU via a registered
io region and through the doorbell ioctl(). The other is direct via
iosignalfd.
You can download this test harness here:
ftp://ftp.novell.com/dev/ghaskins/doorbell.tar.bz2
The measured results are as follows:
qemu-mmio: 110000 iops, 9.09us rtt
iosignalfd-mmio: 200100 iops, 5.00us rtt
iosignalfd-pio: 367300 iops, 2.72us rtt
I didn't measure qemu-pio, because I have to figure out how to register a
PIO region with qemu's device model, and I got lazy. However, for now we
can extrapolate based on the data from the NULLIO runs of +2.56us for MMIO,
and -350ns for HC, we get:
qemu-pio: 153139 iops, 6.53us rtt
iosignalfd-hc: 412585 iops, 2.37us rtt
these are just for fun, for now, until I can gather more data.
Here is a graph for your convenience:
http://developer.novell.com/wiki/images/7/76/Iofd-chart.png
The conclusion to draw is that we save about 4us by skipping the userspace
hop.
+config KVM_MAX_IOSIGNALFD_ITEMS
+ int "Maximum IOSIGNALFD items per address"
+ depends on KVM
+ default "32"
+ ---help---
+ This option influences the maximum number of fd's per PIO/MMIO
+ address that are allowed to register
+
Is there a per-vm limit on iosignalfds? if not, userspace can exhaust
kernel memory in that way.
We could limit the just total number of iosignafds, it's somewhat more
natural.
diff --git a/virt/kvm/Kconfig b/virt/kvm/Kconfig
index daece36..a4b427f 100644
--- a/virt/kvm/Kconfig
+++ b/virt/kvm/Kconfig
@@ -12,3 +12,5 @@ config HAVE_KVM_EVENTFD
config KVM_APIC_ARCHITECTURE
bool
+
+
Spurious, please drop.
+/*
+ * Design note: We create one PIO/MMIO device (iosignalfd_group) which
+ * aggregates one or more iosignalfd_items. Each item points to exactly one
+ * eventfd, and can be registered to trigger on any write to the group
+ * (wildcard), or to a write of a specific value. If more than one item is to
+ * be supported, the addr/len ranges must all be identical in the group. If a
+ * trigger value is to be supported on a particular item, the group range must
+ * be exactly the width of the trigger.
+ */
+
+struct _iosignalfd_item {
+ struct list_head list;
+ struct file *file;
+ unsigned char *match;
+ struct rcu_head rcu;
+};
Why not u64 match?
+static int
+iosignalfd_is_match(struct _iosignalfd_group *group,
+ struct _iosignalfd_item *item,
+ const void *val,
+ int len)
+{
+ if (!item->match)
+ /* wildcard is a hit */
+ return true;
+
+ if (len != group->length)
+ /* mis-matched length is a miss */
+ return false;
Should check length before match (i.e. require correctly sized access).
--
error compiling committee.c: too many arguments to function
--
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