[PATCH v4 2/2] perf tool: improves DSO long names lookup speed with rbtree

[Waiman Long]

With workload that spawns and destroys many threads and processes,
it was found that perf-mem could took a long time to post-process
the perf data after the target workload had completed its operation.
The performance bottleneck was found to be the lookup and insertion
of the new DSO structures (thousands of them in this case).

In a dual-socket Ivy-Bridge E7-4890 v2 machine (30-core, 60-thread),
the perf profile below shows what perf was doing after the profiled
AIM7 shared workload completed:

-     83.94%  perf  libc-2.11.3.so     [.] __strcmp_sse42
   - __strcmp_sse42
      - 99.82% map__new
           machine__process_mmap_event
           perf_session_deliver_event
           perf_session__process_event
           __perf_session__process_events
           cmd_record
           cmd_mem
           run_builtin
           main
           __libc_start_main
-     13.17%  perf  perf               [.] __dsos__findnew
     __dsos__findnew
     map__new
     machine__process_mmap_event
     perf_session_deliver_event
     perf_session__process_event
     __perf_session__process_events
     cmd_record
     cmd_mem
     run_builtin
     main
     __libc_start_main

So about 97% of CPU times were spent in the map__new() function
trying to insert new DSO entry into the DSO linked list. The whole
post-processing step took about 9 minutes.

The DSO structures are currently searched linearly. So the total
processing time will be proportional to n^2.

To overcome this performance problem, the DSO code is modified to
also put the DSO structures in a RB tree sorted by its long name
in additional to being in a simple linked list. With this change,
the processing time will become proportional to n*log(n) which will
be much quicker for large n. However, the short name will still be
searched using the old linear searching method.  With that patch
in place, the same perf-mem post-processing step took less than 30
seconds to complete.

Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@xxxxxx>
---
 tools/perf/util/dso.c     |   73 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 tools/perf/util/dso.h     |    1 +
 tools/perf/util/machine.h |    4 ++-
 3 files changed, 73 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/perf/util/dso.c b/tools/perf/util/dso.c
index c2c6134..810a4b5 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/dso.c
+++ b/tools/perf/util/dso.c
@@ -651,6 +651,67 @@ struct dso *dso__kernel_findnew(struct machine *machine, const char *name,
 	return dso;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Find a matching entry and/or link current entry to RB tree.
+ * Either one of the dso or name parameter must be non-NULL or the
+ * function will not work.
+ */
+static struct dso *dso__findlink_by_longname(struct rb_root *root,
+					     struct dso *dso, const char *name)
+{
+	struct rb_node **p = &root->rb_node;
+	struct rb_node  *parent = NULL;
+	int warned = false;
+
+	if (!name)
+		name = dso->long_name;
+	/*
+	 * Find node with the matching name
+	 */
+	while (*p) {
+		struct dso *this = rb_entry(*p, struct dso, rb_node);
+		long rc = (long)strcmp(name, this->long_name);
+
+		parent = *p;
+		if (rc == 0) {
+			/*
+			 * In case the new DSO is a duplicate of an existing
+			 * one, print an one-time warning & sort the entry
+			 * by its DSO address.
+			 */
+			if (!dso || (dso == this))
+				return this;	/* Find matching dso */
+			/*
+			 * The kernel DSOs may have duplicated long name,
+			 * so don't print warning for them.
+			 */
+			if (!warned && !strstr(name, "kernel.kallsyms")
+				    && !strstr(name, "/vmlinux")) {
+				pr_warning("Duplicated dso long name: %s\n",
+					   name);
+				warned = true;
+			}
+			rc = (long)dso - (long)this;
+		}
+		if (rc < 0)
+			p = &parent->rb_left;
+		else
+			p = &parent->rb_right;
+	}
+	if (dso) {
+		/* Add new node and rebalance tree */
+		rb_link_node(&dso->rb_node, parent, p);
+		rb_insert_color(&dso->rb_node, root);
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline struct dso *
+dso__find_by_longname(struct rb_root *root, const char *name)
+{
+	return dso__findlink_by_longname(root, NULL, name);
+}
+
 void dso__set_long_name(struct dso *dso, const char *name, bool name_allocated)
 {
 	if (name == NULL)
@@ -754,6 +815,7 @@ struct dso *dso__new(const char *name)
 		dso->kernel = DSO_TYPE_USER;
 		dso->needs_swap = DSO_SWAP__UNSET;
 		dso->dsos = NULL;
+		RB_CLEAR_NODE(&dso->rb_node);
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dso->node);
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dso->data.open_entry);
 	}
@@ -776,6 +838,11 @@ void dso__delete(struct dso *dso)
 		zfree((char **)&dso->long_name);
 		dso->long_name_allocated = false;
 	}
+	if (dso->dsos) {
+		/* Remove entry from rbtree */
+		rb_erase(&dso->rb_node, &dso->dsos->root);
+		dso->dsos = NULL;
+	}
 
 	dso__data_close(dso);
 	dso_cache__free(&dso->data.cache);
@@ -854,6 +921,7 @@ void dsos__add(struct dsos *dsos, struct dso *dso)
 {
 	dso->dsos = dsos;
 	list_add_tail(&dso->node, &dsos->head);
+	dso__findlink_by_longname(&dsos->root, dso, NULL);
 }
 
 struct dso *dsos__find(const struct dsos *dsos, const char *name,
@@ -867,10 +935,7 @@ struct dso *dsos__find(const struct dsos *dsos, const char *name,
 				return pos;
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	list_for_each_entry(pos, &dsos->head, node)
-		if (strcmp(pos->long_name, name) == 0)
-			return pos;
-	return NULL;
+	return dso__find_by_longname((struct rb_root *)&dsos->root, name);
 }
 
 struct dso *__dsos__findnew(struct dsos *dsos, const char *name)
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/dso.h b/tools/perf/util/dso.h
index cadfef7..bae7042 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/dso.h
+++ b/tools/perf/util/dso.h
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ struct dsos;
 
 struct dso {
 	struct list_head node;
+	struct rb_node	 rb_node;	/* rbtree node sorted by long name */
 	struct dsos      *dsos;
 	struct rb_root	 symbols[MAP__NR_TYPES];
 	struct rb_root	 symbol_names[MAP__NR_TYPES];
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/machine.h b/tools/perf/util/machine.h
index d8abb6c..f7546f3 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/machine.h
+++ b/tools/perf/util/machine.h
@@ -23,10 +23,12 @@ extern const char *ref_reloc_sym_names[];
 struct vdso_info;
 
 /*
- * DSOs are put into a list for fast iteration.
+ * DSOs are put into both a list for fast iteration and rbtree for fast
+ * long name lookup.
  */
 struct dsos {
 	struct list_head head;
+	struct rb_root   root;	/* rbtree root sorted by long name */
 };
 
 struct machine {
-- 
1.7.1

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