[PATCH v5] CPU hotplug: active_writer not woken up in some cases - deadlock

[David Hildenbrand]

Commit b2c4623dcd07 ("rcu: More on deadlock between CPU hotplug and expedited
grace periods") introduced another problem that can easily be reproduced by
starting/stopping cpus in a loop.

E.g.:
  for i in `seq 5000`; do
      echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online
      echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online
  done

Will result in:
  INFO: task /cpu_start_stop:1 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
  Call Trace:
  ([<00000000006a028e>] __schedule+0x406/0x91c)
   [<0000000000130f60>] cpu_hotplug_begin+0xd0/0xd4
   [<0000000000130ff6>] _cpu_up+0x3e/0x1c4
   [<0000000000131232>] cpu_up+0xb6/0xd4
   [<00000000004a5720>] device_online+0x80/0xc0
   [<00000000004a57f0>] online_store+0x90/0xb0
  ...

And a deadlock.

Problem is that if the last ref in put_online_cpus() can't get the
cpu_hotplug.lock the puts_pending count is incremented, but a sleeping
active_writer might never be woken up, therefore never exiting the loop in
cpu_hotplug_begin().

This fix removes puts_pending and turns refcount into an atomic variable. We
also introduce a wait queue for the active_writer, to avoid possible races and
use-after-free. There is no need to take the lock in put_online_cpus() anymore.

Can't reproduce it with this fix.

Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <dahi@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
 kernel/cpu.c | 56 +++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------------------
 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 33 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/cpu.c b/kernel/cpu.c
index 5d22023..1972b16 100644
--- a/kernel/cpu.c
+++ b/kernel/cpu.c
@@ -58,22 +58,23 @@ static int cpu_hotplug_disabled;
 
 static struct {
 	struct task_struct *active_writer;
-	struct mutex lock; /* Synchronizes accesses to refcount, */
+	/* wait queue to wake up the active_writer */
+	wait_queue_head_t wq;
+	/* verifies that no writer will get active while readers are active */
+	struct mutex lock;
 	/*
 	 * Also blocks the new readers during
 	 * an ongoing cpu hotplug operation.
 	 */
-	int refcount;
-	/* And allows lockless put_online_cpus(). */
-	atomic_t puts_pending;
+	atomic_t refcount;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
 	struct lockdep_map dep_map;
 #endif
 } cpu_hotplug = {
 	.active_writer = NULL,
+	.wq = __WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD_INITIALIZER(cpu_hotplug.wq),
 	.lock = __MUTEX_INITIALIZER(cpu_hotplug.lock),
-	.refcount = 0,
 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
 	.dep_map = {.name = "cpu_hotplug.lock" },
 #endif
@@ -86,15 +87,6 @@ static struct {
 #define cpuhp_lock_acquire()      lock_map_acquire(&cpu_hotplug.dep_map)
 #define cpuhp_lock_release()      lock_map_release(&cpu_hotplug.dep_map)
 
-static void apply_puts_pending(int max)
-{
-	int delta;
-
-	if (atomic_read(&cpu_hotplug.puts_pending) >= max) {
-		delta = atomic_xchg(&cpu_hotplug.puts_pending, 0);
-		cpu_hotplug.refcount -= delta;
-	}
-}
 
 void get_online_cpus(void)
 {
@@ -103,8 +95,7 @@ void get_online_cpus(void)
 		return;
 	cpuhp_lock_acquire_read();
 	mutex_lock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
-	apply_puts_pending(65536);
-	cpu_hotplug.refcount++;
+	atomic_inc(&cpu_hotplug.refcount);
 	mutex_unlock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_online_cpus);
@@ -116,8 +107,7 @@ bool try_get_online_cpus(void)
 	if (!mutex_trylock(&cpu_hotplug.lock))
 		return false;
 	cpuhp_lock_acquire_tryread();
-	apply_puts_pending(65536);
-	cpu_hotplug.refcount++;
+	atomic_inc(&cpu_hotplug.refcount);
 	mutex_unlock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
 	return true;
 }
@@ -125,20 +115,18 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(try_get_online_cpus);
 
 void put_online_cpus(void)
 {
+	int refcount;
+
 	if (cpu_hotplug.active_writer == current)
 		return;
-	if (!mutex_trylock(&cpu_hotplug.lock)) {
-		atomic_inc(&cpu_hotplug.puts_pending);
-		cpuhp_lock_release();
-		return;
-	}
 
-	if (WARN_ON(!cpu_hotplug.refcount))
-		cpu_hotplug.refcount++; /* try to fix things up */
+	refcount = atomic_dec_return(&cpu_hotplug.refcount);
+	if (WARN_ON(refcount < 0)) /* try to fix things up */
+		atomic_inc(&cpu_hotplug.refcount);
+
+	if (refcount <= 0 && waitqueue_active(&cpu_hotplug.wq))
+		wake_up(&cpu_hotplug.wq);
 
-	if (!--cpu_hotplug.refcount && unlikely(cpu_hotplug.active_writer))
-		wake_up_process(cpu_hotplug.active_writer);
-	mutex_unlock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
 	cpuhp_lock_release();
 
 }
@@ -168,18 +156,20 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(put_online_cpus);
  */
 void cpu_hotplug_begin(void)
 {
-	cpu_hotplug.active_writer = current;
+	DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
 
+	cpu_hotplug.active_writer = current;
 	cpuhp_lock_acquire();
+
 	for (;;) {
 		mutex_lock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
-		apply_puts_pending(1);
-		if (likely(!cpu_hotplug.refcount))
-			break;
-		__set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+		prepare_to_wait(&cpu_hotplug.wq, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+		if (likely(!atomic_read(&cpu_hotplug.refcount)))
+				break;
 		mutex_unlock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
 		schedule();
 	}
+	finish_wait(&cpu_hotplug.wq, &wait);
 }
 
 void cpu_hotplug_done(void)
-- 
1.8.5.5

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