[PATCH 01/11] x86: entry_64.S: always allocate complete "struct pt_regs"
From: Denys Vlasenko
Date: Wed Jan 14 2015 - 16:49:08 EST
64-bit code was using six stack slots less by not saving/restoring
registers which are callee-preserved according to C ABI,
and not allocating space for them.
Only when syscall needed a complete "struct pt_regs",
the complete area was allocated and filled in.
As an additional twist, on interrupt entry a "slightly less truncated pt_regs"
trick is used, to make nested interrupt stacks easier to unwind.
This proved to be a source of significant obfuscation and subtle bugs.
For example, stub_fork had to pop the return address,
extend the struct, save registers, and push return address back. Ugly.
ia32_ptregs_common pops return address and "returns" via jmp insn,
throwing a wrench into CPU return stack cache.
This patch changes code to always allocate a complete "struct pt_regs".
The saving of registers is still done lazily.
"Partial pt_regs" trick on interrupt stack is retained, but with added comments
which explain what we are doing, and why. Existing comments are improved.
Macros which manipulate "struct pt_regs" on stack are reworked:
ALLOC_PT_GPREGS_ON_STACK allocates the structure.
SAVE_C_REGS saves to it those registers which are clobbered by C code.
SAVE_EXTRA_REGS saves to it all other registers.
Corresponding RESTORE_* and REMOVE_PT_GPREGS_FROM_STACK macros reverse it.
ia32_ptregs_common, stub_fork and friends lost their ugly dance with
return pointer.
LOAD_ARGS32 in ia32entry.S now uses symbolic stack offsets
instead of magic numbers.
error_entry and save_paranoid now use SAVE_C_REGS + SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
instead of having it open-coded yet again.
Misleading and slightly wrong comments in "struct pt_regs" are fixed
(four instances).
Patch was run-tested: 64-bit executables, 32-bit executables,
strace works.
Timing tests did not show measurable difference in 32-bit
and 64-bit syscalls.
Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@xxxxxxxxxx>
CC: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
CC: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@xxxxxxxxxx>
CC: Borislav Petkov <bp@xxxxxxxxx>
CC: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@xxxxxxxxx>
CC: Andy Lutomirski <luto@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
CC: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@xxxxxxxxx>
CC: X86 ML <x86@xxxxxxxxxx>
CC: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
CC: Will Drewry <wad@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
CC: Kees Cook <keescook@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
CC: linux-kernel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
---
arch/x86/ia32/ia32entry.S | 47 +++----
arch/x86/include/asm/calling.h | 222 ++++++++++++++++-----------------
arch/x86/include/asm/irqflags.h | 4 +-
arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h | 13 +-
arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/ptrace-abi.h | 16 ++-
arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h | 13 +-
arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S | 210 +++++++++++++------------------
7 files changed, 250 insertions(+), 275 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/x86/ia32/ia32entry.S b/arch/x86/ia32/ia32entry.S
index 156ebca..f4bed49 100644
--- a/arch/x86/ia32/ia32entry.S
+++ b/arch/x86/ia32/ia32entry.S
@@ -62,12 +62,12 @@
*/
.macro LOAD_ARGS32 offset, _r9=0
.if \_r9
- movl \offset+16(%rsp),%r9d
+ movl \offset+R9(%rsp),%r9d
.endif
- movl \offset+40(%rsp),%ecx
- movl \offset+48(%rsp),%edx
- movl \offset+56(%rsp),%esi
- movl \offset+64(%rsp),%edi
+ movl \offset+RCX(%rsp),%ecx
+ movl \offset+RDX(%rsp),%edx
+ movl \offset+RSI(%rsp),%esi
+ movl \offset+RDI(%rsp),%edi
movl %eax,%eax /* zero extension */
.endm
@@ -144,7 +144,8 @@ ENTRY(ia32_sysenter_target)
CFI_REL_OFFSET rip,0
pushq_cfi %rax
cld
- SAVE_ARGS 0,1,0
+ ALLOC_PT_GPREGS_ON_STACK
+ SAVE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_R891011
/* no need to do an access_ok check here because rbp has been
32bit zero extended */
ASM_STAC
@@ -182,7 +183,8 @@ sysexit_from_sys_call:
andl $~0x200,EFLAGS-ARGOFFSET(%rsp)
movl RIP-ARGOFFSET(%rsp),%edx /* User %eip */
CFI_REGISTER rip,rdx
- RESTORE_ARGS 0,24,0,0,0,0
+ RESTORE_RSI_RDI
+ REMOVE_PT_GPREGS_FROM_STACK 3*8
xorq %r8,%r8
xorq %r9,%r9
xorq %r10,%r10
@@ -256,13 +258,13 @@ sysenter_tracesys:
testl $(_TIF_WORK_SYSCALL_ENTRY & ~_TIF_SYSCALL_AUDIT),TI_flags+THREAD_INFO(%rsp,RIP-ARGOFFSET)
jz sysenter_auditsys
#endif
- SAVE_REST
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
CLEAR_RREGS
movq $-ENOSYS,RAX(%rsp)/* ptrace can change this for a bad syscall */
movq %rsp,%rdi /* &pt_regs -> arg1 */
call syscall_trace_enter
LOAD_ARGS32 ARGOFFSET /* reload args from stack in case ptrace changed it */
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
cmpq $(IA32_NR_syscalls-1),%rax
ja int_ret_from_sys_call /* sysenter_tracesys has set RAX(%rsp) */
jmp sysenter_do_call
@@ -304,7 +306,8 @@ ENTRY(ia32_cstar_target)
* disabled irqs and here we enable it straight after entry:
*/
ENABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE)
- SAVE_ARGS 8,0,0
+ ALLOC_PT_GPREGS_ON_STACK 8
+ SAVE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_RCX_R891011
movl %eax,%eax /* zero extension */
movq %rax,ORIG_RAX-ARGOFFSET(%rsp)
movq %rcx,RIP-ARGOFFSET(%rsp)
@@ -341,7 +344,7 @@ cstar_dispatch:
jnz sysretl_audit
sysretl_from_sys_call:
andl $~TS_COMPAT,TI_status+THREAD_INFO(%rsp,RIP-ARGOFFSET)
- RESTORE_ARGS 0,-ARG_SKIP,0,0,0
+ RESTORE_RSI_RDI_RDX
movl RIP-ARGOFFSET(%rsp),%ecx
CFI_REGISTER rip,rcx
movl EFLAGS-ARGOFFSET(%rsp),%r11d
@@ -372,13 +375,13 @@ cstar_tracesys:
jz cstar_auditsys
#endif
xchgl %r9d,%ebp
- SAVE_REST
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
CLEAR_RREGS 0, r9
movq $-ENOSYS,RAX(%rsp) /* ptrace can change this for a bad syscall */
movq %rsp,%rdi /* &pt_regs -> arg1 */
call syscall_trace_enter
LOAD_ARGS32 ARGOFFSET, 1 /* reload args from stack in case ptrace changed it */
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
xchgl %ebp,%r9d
cmpq $(IA32_NR_syscalls-1),%rax
ja int_ret_from_sys_call /* cstar_tracesys has set RAX(%rsp) */
@@ -433,7 +436,8 @@ ENTRY(ia32_syscall)
cld
/* note the registers are not zero extended to the sf.
this could be a problem. */
- SAVE_ARGS 0,1,0
+ ALLOC_PT_GPREGS_ON_STACK
+ SAVE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_R891011
orl $TS_COMPAT,TI_status+THREAD_INFO(%rsp,RIP-ARGOFFSET)
testl $_TIF_WORK_SYSCALL_ENTRY,TI_flags+THREAD_INFO(%rsp,RIP-ARGOFFSET)
jnz ia32_tracesys
@@ -446,16 +450,16 @@ ia32_sysret:
movq %rax,RAX-ARGOFFSET(%rsp)
ia32_ret_from_sys_call:
CLEAR_RREGS -ARGOFFSET
- jmp int_ret_from_sys_call
+ jmp int_ret_from_sys_call
-ia32_tracesys:
- SAVE_REST
+ia32_tracesys:
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
CLEAR_RREGS
movq $-ENOSYS,RAX(%rsp) /* ptrace can change this for a bad syscall */
movq %rsp,%rdi /* &pt_regs -> arg1 */
call syscall_trace_enter
LOAD_ARGS32 ARGOFFSET /* reload args from stack in case ptrace changed it */
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
cmpq $(IA32_NR_syscalls-1),%rax
ja int_ret_from_sys_call /* ia32_tracesys has set RAX(%rsp) */
jmp ia32_do_call
@@ -492,7 +496,6 @@ GLOBAL(stub32_clone)
ALIGN
ia32_ptregs_common:
- popq %r11
CFI_ENDPROC
CFI_STARTPROC32 simple
CFI_SIGNAL_FRAME
@@ -507,9 +510,9 @@ ia32_ptregs_common:
/* CFI_REL_OFFSET rflags,EFLAGS-ARGOFFSET*/
CFI_REL_OFFSET rsp,RSP-ARGOFFSET
/* CFI_REL_OFFSET ss,SS-ARGOFFSET*/
- SAVE_REST
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS 8
call *%rax
- RESTORE_REST
- jmp ia32_sysret /* misbalances the return cache */
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS 8
+ ret
CFI_ENDPROC
END(ia32_ptregs_common)
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/calling.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/calling.h
index 1f1297b..a2ef97a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/calling.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/calling.h
@@ -55,143 +55,137 @@ For 32-bit we have the following conventions - kernel is built with
* for assembly code:
*/
-#define R15 0
-#define R14 8
-#define R13 16
-#define R12 24
-#define RBP 32
-#define RBX 40
-
-/* arguments: interrupts/non tracing syscalls only save up to here: */
-#define R11 48
-#define R10 56
-#define R9 64
-#define R8 72
-#define RAX 80
-#define RCX 88
-#define RDX 96
-#define RSI 104
-#define RDI 112
-#define ORIG_RAX 120 /* + error_code */
-/* end of arguments */
-
-/* cpu exception frame or undefined in case of fast syscall: */
-#define RIP 128
-#define CS 136
-#define EFLAGS 144
-#define RSP 152
-#define SS 160
-
-#define ARGOFFSET R11
-
- .macro SAVE_ARGS addskip=0, save_rcx=1, save_r891011=1, rax_enosys=0
- subq $9*8+\addskip, %rsp
- CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 9*8+\addskip
- movq_cfi rdi, 8*8
- movq_cfi rsi, 7*8
- movq_cfi rdx, 6*8
-
- .if \save_rcx
- movq_cfi rcx, 5*8
- .endif
+/* The layout forms the "struct pt_regs" on the stack: */
+/*
+ * C ABI says these regs are callee-preserved. They aren't saved on kernel entry
+ * unless syscall needs a complete, fully filled "struct pt_regs".
+ */
+#define R15 0*8
+#define R14 1*8
+#define R13 2*8
+#define R12 3*8
+#define RBP 4*8
+#define RBX 5*8
+/* These regs are callee-clobbered. Always saved on kernel entry. */
+#define R11 6*8
+#define R10 7*8
+#define R9 8*8
+#define R8 9*8
+#define RAX 10*8
+#define RCX 11*8
+#define RDX 12*8
+#define RSI 13*8
+#define RDI 14*8
+/*
+ * On syscall entry, this is syscall#. On CPU exception, this is error code.
+ * On hw interrupt, it's IRQ number:
+ */
+#define ORIG_RAX 15*8
+/* Return frame for iretq */
+#define RIP 16*8
+#define CS 17*8
+#define EFLAGS 18*8
+#define RSP 19*8
+#define SS 20*8
+
+#define ARGOFFSET 0
+
+ .macro ALLOC_PT_GPREGS_ON_STACK addskip=0
+ subq $15*8+\addskip, %rsp
+ CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 15*8+\addskip
+ .endm
- .if \rax_enosys
- movq $-ENOSYS, 4*8(%rsp)
- .else
- movq_cfi rax, 4*8
+ .macro SAVE_C_REGS_HELPER offset=0 rax=1 rcx=1 r8plus=1
+ .if \r8plus
+ movq_cfi r11, 6*8+\offset
+ movq_cfi r10, 7*8+\offset
+ movq_cfi r9, 8*8+\offset
+ movq_cfi r8, 9*8+\offset
.endif
-
- .if \save_r891011
- movq_cfi r8, 3*8
- movq_cfi r9, 2*8
- movq_cfi r10, 1*8
- movq_cfi r11, 0*8
+ .if \rax
+ movq_cfi rax, 10*8+\offset
+ .endif
+ .if \rcx
+ movq_cfi rcx, 11*8+\offset
.endif
+ movq_cfi rdx, 12*8+\offset
+ movq_cfi rsi, 13*8+\offset
+ movq_cfi rdi, 14*8+\offset
+ .endm
+ .macro SAVE_C_REGS offset=0
+ SAVE_C_REGS_HELPER \offset, 1, 1, 1
+ .endm
+ .macro SAVE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_RAX_RCX offset=0
+ SAVE_C_REGS_HELPER \offset, 0, 0, 1
+ .endm
+ .macro SAVE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_R891011
+ SAVE_C_REGS_HELPER 0, 1, 1, 0
+ .endm
+ .macro SAVE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_RCX_R891011
+ SAVE_C_REGS_HELPER 0, 1, 0, 0
+ .endm
+ .macro SAVE_EXTRA_REGS offset=0
+ movq_cfi r15, 0*8+\offset
+ movq_cfi r14, 1*8+\offset
+ movq_cfi r13, 2*8+\offset
+ movq_cfi r12, 3*8+\offset
+ movq_cfi rbp, 4*8+\offset
+ movq_cfi rbx, 5*8+\offset
+ .endm
+ .macro SAVE_EXTRA_REGS_RBP offset=0
+ movq_cfi rbp, 4*8+\offset
.endm
-#define ARG_SKIP (9*8)
+ .macro RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS offset=0
+ movq_cfi_restore 0*8+\offset, r15
+ movq_cfi_restore 1*8+\offset, r14
+ movq_cfi_restore 2*8+\offset, r13
+ movq_cfi_restore 3*8+\offset, r12
+ movq_cfi_restore 4*8+\offset, rbp
+ movq_cfi_restore 5*8+\offset, rbx
+ .endm
- .macro RESTORE_ARGS rstor_rax=1, addskip=0, rstor_rcx=1, rstor_r11=1, \
- rstor_r8910=1, rstor_rdx=1
+ .macro RESTORE_C_REGS_HELPER rstor_rax=1, rstor_rcx=1, rstor_r11=1, rstor_r8910=1, rstor_rdx=1
.if \rstor_r11
- movq_cfi_restore 0*8, r11
+ movq_cfi_restore 6*8, r11
.endif
-
.if \rstor_r8910
- movq_cfi_restore 1*8, r10
- movq_cfi_restore 2*8, r9
- movq_cfi_restore 3*8, r8
+ movq_cfi_restore 7*8, r10
+ movq_cfi_restore 8*8, r9
+ movq_cfi_restore 9*8, r8
.endif
-
.if \rstor_rax
- movq_cfi_restore 4*8, rax
+ movq_cfi_restore 10*8, rax
.endif
-
.if \rstor_rcx
- movq_cfi_restore 5*8, rcx
+ movq_cfi_restore 11*8, rcx
.endif
-
.if \rstor_rdx
- movq_cfi_restore 6*8, rdx
- .endif
-
- movq_cfi_restore 7*8, rsi
- movq_cfi_restore 8*8, rdi
-
- .if ARG_SKIP+\addskip > 0
- addq $ARG_SKIP+\addskip, %rsp
- CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -(ARG_SKIP+\addskip)
+ movq_cfi_restore 12*8, rdx
.endif
+ movq_cfi_restore 13*8, rsi
+ movq_cfi_restore 14*8, rdi
.endm
-
- .macro LOAD_ARGS offset, skiprax=0
- movq \offset(%rsp), %r11
- movq \offset+8(%rsp), %r10
- movq \offset+16(%rsp), %r9
- movq \offset+24(%rsp), %r8
- movq \offset+40(%rsp), %rcx
- movq \offset+48(%rsp), %rdx
- movq \offset+56(%rsp), %rsi
- movq \offset+64(%rsp), %rdi
- .if \skiprax
- .else
- movq \offset+72(%rsp), %rax
- .endif
+ .macro RESTORE_C_REGS
+ RESTORE_C_REGS_HELPER 1,1,1,1,1
.endm
-
-#define REST_SKIP (6*8)
-
- .macro SAVE_REST
- subq $REST_SKIP, %rsp
- CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET REST_SKIP
- movq_cfi rbx, 5*8
- movq_cfi rbp, 4*8
- movq_cfi r12, 3*8
- movq_cfi r13, 2*8
- movq_cfi r14, 1*8
- movq_cfi r15, 0*8
+ .macro RESTORE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_RAX
+ RESTORE_C_REGS_HELPER 0,1,1,1,1
.endm
-
- .macro RESTORE_REST
- movq_cfi_restore 0*8, r15
- movq_cfi_restore 1*8, r14
- movq_cfi_restore 2*8, r13
- movq_cfi_restore 3*8, r12
- movq_cfi_restore 4*8, rbp
- movq_cfi_restore 5*8, rbx
- addq $REST_SKIP, %rsp
- CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -(REST_SKIP)
+ .macro RESTORE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_RCX
+ RESTORE_C_REGS_HELPER 1,0,1,1,1
.endm
-
- .macro SAVE_ALL
- SAVE_ARGS
- SAVE_REST
+ .macro RESTORE_RSI_RDI
+ RESTORE_C_REGS_HELPER 0,0,0,0,0
+ .endm
+ .macro RESTORE_RSI_RDI_RDX
+ RESTORE_C_REGS_HELPER 0,0,0,0,1
.endm
- .macro RESTORE_ALL addskip=0
- RESTORE_REST
- RESTORE_ARGS 1, \addskip
+ .macro REMOVE_PT_GPREGS_FROM_STACK addskip=0
+ addq $15*8+\addskip, %rsp
+ CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -(15*8+\addskip)
.endm
.macro icebp
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/irqflags.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/irqflags.h
index 0a8b519..021bee9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/irqflags.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/irqflags.h
@@ -171,9 +171,9 @@ static inline int arch_irqs_disabled(void)
#define ARCH_LOCKDEP_SYS_EXIT_IRQ \
TRACE_IRQS_ON; \
sti; \
- SAVE_REST; \
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS; \
LOCKDEP_SYS_EXIT; \
- RESTORE_REST; \
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS; \
cli; \
TRACE_IRQS_OFF;
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h
index 86fc2bb..4077d96 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h
@@ -31,13 +31,17 @@ struct pt_regs {
#else /* __i386__ */
struct pt_regs {
+/*
+ * C ABI says these regs are callee-preserved. They aren't saved on kernel entry
+ * unless syscall needs a complete, fully filled "struct pt_regs".
+ */
unsigned long r15;
unsigned long r14;
unsigned long r13;
unsigned long r12;
unsigned long bp;
unsigned long bx;
-/* arguments: non interrupts/non tracing syscalls only save up to here*/
+/* These regs are callee-clobbered. Always saved on kernel entry. */
unsigned long r11;
unsigned long r10;
unsigned long r9;
@@ -47,9 +51,12 @@ struct pt_regs {
unsigned long dx;
unsigned long si;
unsigned long di;
+/*
+ * On syscall entry, this is syscall#. On CPU exception, this is error code.
+ * On hw interrupt, it's IRQ number:
+ */
unsigned long orig_ax;
-/* end of arguments */
-/* cpu exception frame or undefined */
+/* Return frame for iretq */
unsigned long ip;
unsigned long cs;
unsigned long flags;
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/ptrace-abi.h b/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/ptrace-abi.h
index 7b0a55a..580aee3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/ptrace-abi.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/ptrace-abi.h
@@ -25,13 +25,17 @@
#else /* __i386__ */
#if defined(__ASSEMBLY__) || defined(__FRAME_OFFSETS)
+/*
+ * C ABI says these regs are callee-preserved. They aren't saved on kernel entry
+ * unless syscall needs a complete, fully filled "struct pt_regs".
+ */
#define R15 0
#define R14 8
#define R13 16
#define R12 24
#define RBP 32
#define RBX 40
-/* arguments: interrupts/non tracing syscalls only save up to here*/
+/* These regs are callee-clobbered. Always saved on kernel entry. */
#define R11 48
#define R10 56
#define R9 64
@@ -41,15 +45,17 @@
#define RDX 96
#define RSI 104
#define RDI 112
-#define ORIG_RAX 120 /* = ERROR */
-/* end of arguments */
-/* cpu exception frame or undefined in case of fast syscall. */
+/*
+ * On syscall entry, this is syscall#. On CPU exception, this is error code.
+ * On hw interrupt, it's IRQ number:
+ */
+#define ORIG_RAX 120
+/* Return frame for iretq */
#define RIP 128
#define CS 136
#define EFLAGS 144
#define RSP 152
#define SS 160
-#define ARGOFFSET R11
#endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
/* top of stack page */
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h b/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h
index ac4b9aa..bc16115 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h
@@ -41,13 +41,17 @@ struct pt_regs {
#ifndef __KERNEL__
struct pt_regs {
+/*
+ * C ABI says these regs are callee-preserved. They aren't saved on kernel entry
+ * unless syscall needs a complete, fully filled "struct pt_regs".
+ */
unsigned long r15;
unsigned long r14;
unsigned long r13;
unsigned long r12;
unsigned long rbp;
unsigned long rbx;
-/* arguments: non interrupts/non tracing syscalls only save up to here*/
+/* These regs are callee-clobbered. Always saved on kernel entry. */
unsigned long r11;
unsigned long r10;
unsigned long r9;
@@ -57,9 +61,12 @@ struct pt_regs {
unsigned long rdx;
unsigned long rsi;
unsigned long rdi;
+/*
+ * On syscall entry, this is syscall#. On CPU exception, this is error code.
+ * On hw interrupt, it's IRQ number:
+ */
unsigned long orig_rax;
-/* end of arguments */
-/* cpu exception frame or undefined */
+/* Return frame for iretq */
unsigned long rip;
unsigned long cs;
unsigned long eflags;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S
index 7d59df2..a21b5b3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/entry_64.S
@@ -14,9 +14,6 @@
* NOTE: This code handles signal-recognition, which happens every time
* after an interrupt and after each system call.
*
- * Normal syscalls and interrupts don't save a full stack frame, this is
- * only done for syscall tracing, signals or fork/exec et.al.
- *
* A note on terminology:
* - top of stack: Architecture defined interrupt frame from SS to RIP
* at the top of the kernel process stack.
@@ -26,12 +23,6 @@
* Some macro usage:
* - CFI macros are used to generate dwarf2 unwind information for better
* backtraces. They don't change any code.
- * - SAVE_ALL/RESTORE_ALL - Save/restore all registers
- * - SAVE_ARGS/RESTORE_ARGS - Save/restore registers that C functions modify.
- * There are unfortunately lots of special cases where some registers
- * not touched. The macro is a big mess that should be cleaned up.
- * - SAVE_REST/RESTORE_REST - Handle the registers not saved by SAVE_ARGS.
- * Gives a full stack frame.
* - ENTRY/END Define functions in the symbol table.
* - FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK/RESTORE_TOP_OF_STACK - Fix up the hardware stack
* frame that is otherwise undefined after a SYSCALL
@@ -156,7 +147,7 @@ ENDPROC(native_usergs_sysret64)
.endm
/*
- * initial frame state for interrupts (and exceptions without error code)
+ * empty frame
*/
.macro EMPTY_FRAME start=1 offset=0
.if \start
@@ -189,9 +180,9 @@ ENDPROC(native_usergs_sysret64)
.endm
/*
- * frame that enables calling into C.
+ * frame that enables passing a complete pt_regs to a C function.
*/
- .macro PARTIAL_FRAME start=1 offset=0
+ .macro DEFAULT_FRAME start=1 offset=0
XCPT_FRAME \start, ORIG_RAX+\offset-ARGOFFSET
CFI_REL_OFFSET rdi, RDI+\offset-ARGOFFSET
CFI_REL_OFFSET rsi, RSI+\offset-ARGOFFSET
@@ -202,13 +193,6 @@ ENDPROC(native_usergs_sysret64)
CFI_REL_OFFSET r9, R9+\offset-ARGOFFSET
CFI_REL_OFFSET r10, R10+\offset-ARGOFFSET
CFI_REL_OFFSET r11, R11+\offset-ARGOFFSET
- .endm
-
-/*
- * frame that enables passing a complete pt_regs to a C function.
- */
- .macro DEFAULT_FRAME start=1 offset=0
- PARTIAL_FRAME \start, R11+\offset-R15
CFI_REL_OFFSET rbx, RBX+\offset
CFI_REL_OFFSET rbp, RBP+\offset
CFI_REL_OFFSET r12, R12+\offset
@@ -220,21 +204,8 @@ ENDPROC(native_usergs_sysret64)
ENTRY(save_paranoid)
XCPT_FRAME 1 RDI+8
cld
- movq %rdi, RDI+8(%rsp)
- movq %rsi, RSI+8(%rsp)
- movq_cfi rdx, RDX+8
- movq_cfi rcx, RCX+8
- movq_cfi rax, RAX+8
- movq %r8, R8+8(%rsp)
- movq %r9, R9+8(%rsp)
- movq %r10, R10+8(%rsp)
- movq %r11, R11+8(%rsp)
- movq_cfi rbx, RBX+8
- movq %rbp, RBP+8(%rsp)
- movq %r12, R12+8(%rsp)
- movq %r13, R13+8(%rsp)
- movq %r14, R14+8(%rsp)
- movq %r15, R15+8(%rsp)
+ SAVE_C_REGS 8
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS 8
movl $1,%ebx
movl $MSR_GS_BASE,%ecx
rdmsr
@@ -263,7 +234,7 @@ ENTRY(ret_from_fork)
GET_THREAD_INFO(%rcx)
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
testl $3, CS-ARGOFFSET(%rsp) # from kernel_thread?
jz 1f
@@ -275,12 +246,10 @@ ENTRY(ret_from_fork)
jmp ret_from_sys_call # go to the SYSRET fastpath
1:
- subq $REST_SKIP, %rsp # leave space for volatiles
- CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET REST_SKIP
movq %rbp, %rdi
call *%rbx
movl $0, RAX(%rsp)
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
jmp int_ret_from_sys_call
CFI_ENDPROC
END(ret_from_fork)
@@ -338,9 +307,11 @@ GLOBAL(system_call_after_swapgs)
* and short:
*/
ENABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE)
- SAVE_ARGS 8, 0, rax_enosys=1
+ ALLOC_PT_GPREGS_ON_STACK 8
+ SAVE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_RAX_RCX
+ movq $-ENOSYS,RAX-ARGOFFSET(%rsp)
movq_cfi rax,(ORIG_RAX-ARGOFFSET)
- movq %rcx,RIP-ARGOFFSET(%rsp)
+ movq %rcx,RIP-ARGOFFSET(%rsp)
CFI_REL_OFFSET rip,RIP-ARGOFFSET
testl $_TIF_WORK_SYSCALL_ENTRY,TI_flags+THREAD_INFO(%rsp,RIP-ARGOFFSET)
jnz tracesys
@@ -374,9 +345,9 @@ sysret_check:
* sysretq will re-enable interrupts:
*/
TRACE_IRQS_ON
+ RESTORE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_RCX
movq RIP-ARGOFFSET(%rsp),%rcx
CFI_REGISTER rip,rcx
- RESTORE_ARGS 1,-ARG_SKIP,0
/*CFI_REGISTER rflags,r11*/
movq PER_CPU_VAR(old_rsp), %rsp
USERGS_SYSRET64
@@ -428,16 +399,16 @@ sysret_audit:
/* Do syscall tracing */
tracesys:
- leaq -REST_SKIP(%rsp), %rdi
+ movq %rsp, %rdi
movq $AUDIT_ARCH_X86_64, %rsi
call syscall_trace_enter_phase1
test %rax, %rax
jnz tracesys_phase2 /* if needed, run the slow path */
- LOAD_ARGS 0 /* else restore clobbered regs */
+ RESTORE_C_REGS /* else restore clobbered regs */
jmp system_call_fastpath /* and return to the fast path */
tracesys_phase2:
- SAVE_REST
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK %rdi
movq %rsp, %rdi
movq $AUDIT_ARCH_X86_64, %rsi
@@ -445,12 +416,12 @@ tracesys_phase2:
call syscall_trace_enter_phase2
/*
- * Reload arg registers from stack in case ptrace changed them.
+ * Reload registers from stack in case ptrace changed them.
* We don't reload %rax because syscall_trace_entry_phase2() returned
* the value it wants us to use in the table lookup.
*/
- LOAD_ARGS ARGOFFSET, 1
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_RAX
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
#if __SYSCALL_MASK == ~0
cmpq $__NR_syscall_max,%rax
#else
@@ -501,7 +472,7 @@ int_very_careful:
TRACE_IRQS_ON
ENABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE)
int_check_syscall_exit_work:
- SAVE_REST
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
/* Check for syscall exit trace */
testl $_TIF_WORK_SYSCALL_EXIT,%edx
jz int_signal
@@ -520,7 +491,7 @@ int_signal:
call do_notify_resume
1: movl $_TIF_WORK_MASK,%edi
int_restore_rest:
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
DISABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE)
TRACE_IRQS_OFF
jmp int_with_check
@@ -530,15 +501,12 @@ END(system_call)
.macro FORK_LIKE func
ENTRY(stub_\func)
CFI_STARTPROC
- popq %r11 /* save return address */
- PARTIAL_FRAME 0
- SAVE_REST
- pushq %r11 /* put it back on stack */
+ DEFAULT_FRAME 0, 8 /* offset 8: return address */
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS 8
FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK %r11, 8
- DEFAULT_FRAME 0 8 /* offset 8: return address */
call sys_\func
RESTORE_TOP_OF_STACK %r11, 8
- ret $REST_SKIP /* pop extended registers */
+ ret
CFI_ENDPROC
END(stub_\func)
.endm
@@ -546,7 +514,7 @@ END(stub_\func)
.macro FIXED_FRAME label,func
ENTRY(\label)
CFI_STARTPROC
- PARTIAL_FRAME 0 8 /* offset 8: return address */
+ DEFAULT_FRAME 0, 8 /* offset 8: return address */
FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK %r11, 8-ARGOFFSET
call \func
RESTORE_TOP_OF_STACK %r11, 8-ARGOFFSET
@@ -563,12 +531,12 @@ END(\label)
ENTRY(stub_execve)
CFI_STARTPROC
addq $8, %rsp
- PARTIAL_FRAME 0
- SAVE_REST
+ DEFAULT_FRAME 0
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK %r11
call sys_execve
movq %rax,RAX(%rsp)
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
jmp int_ret_from_sys_call
CFI_ENDPROC
END(stub_execve)
@@ -576,13 +544,13 @@ END(stub_execve)
ENTRY(stub_execveat)
CFI_STARTPROC
addq $8, %rsp
- PARTIAL_FRAME 0
- SAVE_REST
+ DEFAULT_FRAME 0
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK %r11
call sys_execveat
RESTORE_TOP_OF_STACK %r11
movq %rax,RAX(%rsp)
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
jmp int_ret_from_sys_call
CFI_ENDPROC
END(stub_execveat)
@@ -594,12 +562,12 @@ END(stub_execveat)
ENTRY(stub_rt_sigreturn)
CFI_STARTPROC
addq $8, %rsp
- PARTIAL_FRAME 0
- SAVE_REST
+ DEFAULT_FRAME 0
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK %r11
call sys_rt_sigreturn
movq %rax,RAX(%rsp) # fixme, this could be done at the higher layer
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
jmp int_ret_from_sys_call
CFI_ENDPROC
END(stub_rt_sigreturn)
@@ -608,12 +576,12 @@ END(stub_rt_sigreturn)
ENTRY(stub_x32_rt_sigreturn)
CFI_STARTPROC
addq $8, %rsp
- PARTIAL_FRAME 0
- SAVE_REST
+ DEFAULT_FRAME 0
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK %r11
call sys32_x32_rt_sigreturn
movq %rax,RAX(%rsp) # fixme, this could be done at the higher layer
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
jmp int_ret_from_sys_call
CFI_ENDPROC
END(stub_x32_rt_sigreturn)
@@ -621,13 +589,13 @@ END(stub_x32_rt_sigreturn)
ENTRY(stub_x32_execve)
CFI_STARTPROC
addq $8, %rsp
- PARTIAL_FRAME 0
- SAVE_REST
+ DEFAULT_FRAME 0
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK %r11
call compat_sys_execve
RESTORE_TOP_OF_STACK %r11
movq %rax,RAX(%rsp)
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
jmp int_ret_from_sys_call
CFI_ENDPROC
END(stub_x32_execve)
@@ -635,13 +603,13 @@ END(stub_x32_execve)
ENTRY(stub_x32_execveat)
CFI_STARTPROC
addq $8, %rsp
- PARTIAL_FRAME 0
- SAVE_REST
+ DEFAULT_FRAME 0
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK %r11
call compat_sys_execveat
RESTORE_TOP_OF_STACK %r11
movq %rax,RAX(%rsp)
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
jmp int_ret_from_sys_call
CFI_ENDPROC
END(stub_x32_execveat)
@@ -697,42 +665,36 @@ END(interrupt)
/* 0(%rsp): ~(interrupt number) */
.macro interrupt func
- /* reserve pt_regs for scratch regs and rbp */
- subq $ORIG_RAX-RBP, %rsp
- CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET ORIG_RAX-RBP
cld
- /* start from rbp in pt_regs and jump over */
- movq_cfi rdi, (RDI-RBP)
- movq_cfi rsi, (RSI-RBP)
- movq_cfi rdx, (RDX-RBP)
- movq_cfi rcx, (RCX-RBP)
- movq_cfi rax, (RAX-RBP)
- movq_cfi r8, (R8-RBP)
- movq_cfi r9, (R9-RBP)
- movq_cfi r10, (R10-RBP)
- movq_cfi r11, (R11-RBP)
-
- /* Save rbp so that we can unwind from get_irq_regs() */
- movq_cfi rbp, 0
-
- /* Save previous stack value */
- movq %rsp, %rsi
+ /*
+ * Since nothing in interrupt handling code touches r12...r15 members
+ * of "struct pt_regs", and since interrupts can nest, we can save
+ * four stack slots and simultaneously provide
+ * an unwind-friendly stack layout by saving "truncated" pt_regs
+ * exactly up to rbp slot, without these members.
+ */
+ ALLOC_PT_GPREGS_ON_STACK -RBP
+ SAVE_C_REGS -RBP
+ /* this goes to 0(%rsp) for unwinder, not for saving the value: */
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS_RBP -RBP
- leaq -RBP(%rsp),%rdi /* arg1 for handler */
- testl $3, CS-RBP(%rsi)
+ leaq -RBP(%rsp),%rdi /* arg1 for \func (pointer to pt_regs) */
+
+ testl $3, CS-RBP(%rsp)
je 1f
SWAPGS
+1:
/*
+ * Save previous stack pointer, optionally switch to interrupt stack.
* irq_count is used to check if a CPU is already on an interrupt stack
* or not. While this is essentially redundant with preempt_count it is
* a little cheaper to use a separate counter in the PDA (short of
* moving irq_enter into assembly, which would be too much work)
*/
-1: incl PER_CPU_VAR(irq_count)
+ movq %rsp, %rsi
+ incl PER_CPU_VAR(irq_count)
cmovzq PER_CPU_VAR(irq_stack_ptr),%rsp
CFI_DEF_CFA_REGISTER rsi
-
- /* Store previous stack value */
pushq %rsi
CFI_ESCAPE 0x0f /* DW_CFA_def_cfa_expression */, 6, \
0x77 /* DW_OP_breg7 */, 0, \
@@ -764,6 +726,7 @@ ret_from_intr:
/* Restore saved previous stack */
popq %rsi
CFI_DEF_CFA rsi,SS+8-RBP /* reg/off reset after def_cfa_expr */
+ /* return code expects complete pt_regs - adjust rsp accordingly: */
leaq ARGOFFSET-RBP(%rsi), %rsp
CFI_DEF_CFA_REGISTER rsp
CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET RBP-ARGOFFSET
@@ -775,7 +738,7 @@ exit_intr:
/* Interrupt came from user space */
/*
- * Has a correct top of stack, but a partial stack frame
+ * Has a correct top of stack.
* %rcx: thread info. Interrupts off.
*/
retint_with_reschedule:
@@ -803,7 +766,8 @@ retint_restore_args: /* return to kernel space */
*/
TRACE_IRQS_IRETQ
restore_args:
- RESTORE_ARGS 1,8,1
+ RESTORE_C_REGS
+ REMOVE_PT_GPREGS_FROM_STACK 8
irq_return:
INTERRUPT_RETURN
@@ -874,12 +838,12 @@ retint_signal:
jz retint_swapgs
TRACE_IRQS_ON
ENABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE)
- SAVE_REST
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
movq $-1,ORIG_RAX(%rsp)
xorl %esi,%esi # oldset
movq %rsp,%rdi # &pt_regs
call do_notify_resume
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
DISABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE)
TRACE_IRQS_OFF
GET_THREAD_INFO(%rcx)
@@ -1006,8 +970,7 @@ ENTRY(\sym)
pushq_cfi $-1 /* ORIG_RAX: no syscall to restart */
.endif
- subq $ORIG_RAX-R15, %rsp
- CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET ORIG_RAX-R15
+ ALLOC_PT_GPREGS_ON_STACK
.if \paranoid
.if \paranoid == 1
@@ -1253,7 +1216,9 @@ ENTRY(xen_failsafe_callback)
addq $0x30,%rsp
CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET -0x30
pushq_cfi $-1 /* orig_ax = -1 => not a system call */
- SAVE_ALL
+ ALLOC_PT_GPREGS_ON_STACK
+ SAVE_C_REGS
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
jmp error_exit
CFI_ENDPROC
END(xen_failsafe_callback)
@@ -1305,11 +1270,15 @@ ENTRY(paranoid_exit)
jnz paranoid_restore
TRACE_IRQS_IRETQ 0
SWAPGS_UNSAFE_STACK
- RESTORE_ALL 8
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
+ RESTORE_C_REGS
+ REMOVE_PT_GPREGS_FROM_STACK 8
INTERRUPT_RETURN
paranoid_restore:
TRACE_IRQS_IRETQ_DEBUG 0
- RESTORE_ALL 8
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
+ RESTORE_C_REGS
+ REMOVE_PT_GPREGS_FROM_STACK 8
INTERRUPT_RETURN
CFI_ENDPROC
END(paranoid_exit)
@@ -1323,21 +1292,8 @@ ENTRY(error_entry)
CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET 15*8
/* oldrax contains error code */
cld
- movq %rdi, RDI+8(%rsp)
- movq %rsi, RSI+8(%rsp)
- movq %rdx, RDX+8(%rsp)
- movq %rcx, RCX+8(%rsp)
- movq %rax, RAX+8(%rsp)
- movq %r8, R8+8(%rsp)
- movq %r9, R9+8(%rsp)
- movq %r10, R10+8(%rsp)
- movq %r11, R11+8(%rsp)
- movq_cfi rbx, RBX+8
- movq %rbp, RBP+8(%rsp)
- movq %r12, R12+8(%rsp)
- movq %r13, R13+8(%rsp)
- movq %r14, R14+8(%rsp)
- movq %r15, R15+8(%rsp)
+ SAVE_C_REGS 8
+ SAVE_EXTRA_REGS 8
xorl %ebx,%ebx
testl $3,CS+8(%rsp)
je error_kernelspace
@@ -1386,7 +1342,7 @@ END(error_entry)
ENTRY(error_exit)
DEFAULT_FRAME
movl %ebx,%eax
- RESTORE_REST
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
DISABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE)
TRACE_IRQS_OFF
GET_THREAD_INFO(%rcx)
@@ -1605,8 +1561,8 @@ end_repeat_nmi:
* so that we repeat another NMI.
*/
pushq_cfi $-1 /* ORIG_RAX: no syscall to restart */
- subq $ORIG_RAX-R15, %rsp
- CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET ORIG_RAX-R15
+ ALLOC_PT_GPREGS_ON_STACK
+
/*
* Use save_paranoid to handle SWAPGS, but no need to use paranoid_exit
* as we should not be calling schedule in NMI context.
@@ -1645,8 +1601,10 @@ end_repeat_nmi:
nmi_swapgs:
SWAPGS_UNSAFE_STACK
nmi_restore:
+ RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
+ RESTORE_C_REGS
/* Pop the extra iret frame at once */
- RESTORE_ALL 6*8
+ REMOVE_PT_GPREGS_FROM_STACK 6*8
/* Clear the NMI executing stack variable */
movq $0, 5*8(%rsp)
--
1.8.1.4
--
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