[PATCH 4/4] perf tools: add JVMTI agent library

[Stephane Eranian]

This is a standalone JVMTI library to help  profile Java jitted
code with perf record/perf report. The library is not installed
or compiled automatically by perf Makefile. It is not used
directly by perf. It is arch agnostic and has been tested on
X86 and ARM. It needs to be used with a Java runtime, such
as OpenJDK, as follows:

$ java -agentpath:libjvmti.so .......

When used this way, java will generate a jitdump binary file in
$HOME/.debug/java/jit/java-jit-*

This binary dump file contains information to help symbolize and
annotate jitted code.

The next step is to inject the jitdump information into the
perf.data file:
$ perf inject -j $HOME/.debug/java/jit/java-jit-XXXX/jit-ZZZ.dump \
              -i perf.data -o perf.data.jitted

This injects the MMAP records to cover the jitted code and also generates
one ELF image for each jitted function. The ELF images are created in the
same subdir as the jitdump file. The MMAP records point there too.

Then to visualize the function or asm profile, simply use the regular
perf commands:
$ perf report -i perf.data.jitted
or
$ perf annotate -i perf.data.jitted

JVMTI agent code adapted from OProfile's opagent code.

Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
 tools/perf/jvmti/Makefile      |  70 +++++++++
 tools/perf/jvmti/jvmti_agent.c | 349 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tools/perf/jvmti/jvmti_agent.h |  23 +++
 tools/perf/jvmti/libjvmti.c    | 149 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 591 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tools/perf/jvmti/Makefile
 create mode 100644 tools/perf/jvmti/jvmti_agent.c
 create mode 100644 tools/perf/jvmti/jvmti_agent.h
 create mode 100644 tools/perf/jvmti/libjvmti.c

diff --git a/tools/perf/jvmti/Makefile b/tools/perf/jvmti/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9eda64b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/perf/jvmti/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+ARCH=$(shell uname -m)
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH), x86_64)
+JARCH=amd64
+endif
+ifeq ($(ARCH), armv7l)
+JARCH=armhf
+endif
+ifeq ($(ARCH), armv6l)
+JARCH=armhf
+endif
+ifeq ($(ARCH), ppc64)
+JARCH=powerpc
+endif
+ifeq ($(ARCH), ppc64le)
+JARCH=powerpc
+endif
+
+DESTDIR=/usr/local
+
+VERSION=1
+REVISION=0
+AGE=0
+
+LN=ln -sf
+RM=rm
+
+SJVMTI=libjvmti.so.$(VERSION).$(REVISION).$(AGE)
+VJVMTI=libjvmti.so.$(VERSION)
+SLDFLAGS=-shared -Wl,-soname -Wl,$(VLIBPFM)
+SOLIBEXT=so
+
+JDIR=$(shell /usr/sbin/update-java-alternatives -l | head -1 | cut -d ' ' -f 3)
+# -lrt required in 32-bit mode for clock_gettime()
+LIBS=-lelf -lrt
+INCDIR=-I $(JDIR)/include -I $(JDIR)/include/linux
+
+TARGETS=$(SJVMTI)
+
+SRCS=libjvmti.c jvmti_agent.c
+OBJS=$(SRCS:.c=.o)
+SOBJS=$(OBJS:.o=.lo)
+OPT=-O2 -g -Werror -Wall
+
+CFLAGS=$(INCDIR) $(OPT)
+
+all: $(TARGETS)
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $*.c
+.c.lo:
+	$(CC) -fPIC -DPIC $(CFLAGS) -c $*.c -o $*.lo
+
+$(OBJS) $(SOBJS): Makefile jvmti_agent.h ../util/jitdump.h
+
+$(SJVMTI):  $(SOBJS)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(SLDFLAGS)  -o $@ $(SOBJS) $(LIBS)
+	$(LN) $@ libjvmti.$(SOLIBEXT)
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) -f *.o *.so.* *.so *.lo
+
+install:
+	-mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)/lib
+	install -m 755 $(SJVMTI) $(DESTDIR)/lib/
+	(cd $(DESTDIR)/lib; $(LN) $(SJVMTI) $(VJVMTI))
+	(cd $(DESTDIR)/lib; $(LN) $(SJVMTI) libjvmti.$(SOLIBEXT))
+	ldconfig
+
+.SUFFIXES: .c .S .o .lo
diff --git a/tools/perf/jvmti/jvmti_agent.c b/tools/perf/jvmti/jvmti_agent.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2d5215
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/perf/jvmti/jvmti_agent.c
@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
+/*
+ * jvmti_agent.c: JVMTI agent interface
+ *
+ * Adapted from the Oprofile code in opagent.c:
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *
+ * Copyright 2007 OProfile authors
+ * Jens Wilke
+ * Daniel Hansel
+ * Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
+ */
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h> /* for mkdir() */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <syscall.h> /* for gettid() */
+#include <err.h>
+
+#include "jvmti_agent.h"
+#include "../util/jitdump.h"
+
+#define JIT_LANG "java"
+
+static char jit_path[PATH_MAX];
+
+/*
+ * padding buffer
+ */
+static const char pad_bytes[7];
+
+/*
+ * perf_events event fd
+ */
+static int perf_fd;
+
+static inline pid_t gettid(void)
+{
+	return (pid_t)syscall(__NR_gettid);
+}
+
+static int get_e_machine(struct jitheader *hdr)
+{
+	ssize_t sret;
+	char id[16];
+	int fd, ret = -1;
+	int m = -1;
+	struct {
+		uint16_t e_type;
+		uint16_t e_machine;
+	} info;
+
+	fd = open("/proc/self/exe", O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd == -1)
+		return -1;
+
+	sret = read(fd, id, sizeof(id));
+	if (sret != sizeof(id))
+		goto error;
+
+	/* check ELF signature */
+	if (id[0] != 0x7f || id[1] != 'E' || id[2] != 'L' || id[3] != 'F')
+		goto error;
+
+	sret = read(fd, &info, sizeof(info));
+	if (sret != sizeof(info))
+		goto error;
+
+	m = info.e_machine;
+	if (m < 0)
+		m = 0; /* ELF EM_NONE */
+
+	hdr->elf_mach = m;
+	ret = 0;
+error:
+	close(fd);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#define CLOCK_DEVICE "/dev/trace_clock"
+#define CLOCKFD 3
+#define FD_TO_CLOCKID(fd)	((~(clockid_t) (fd) << 3) | CLOCKFD)
+#define CLOCKID_TO_FD(id)	((~(int) (id) >> 3) & ~CLOCKFD)
+
+#define NSEC_PER_SEC	1000000000
+
+#ifndef CLOCK_INVALID
+#define CLOCK_INVALID -1
+#endif
+
+static inline clockid_t get_clockid(int fd)
+{
+	return FD_TO_CLOCKID(fd);
+}
+
+static int
+perf_open_timestamp(void)
+{
+	int fd, id;
+
+	fd = open(CLOCK_DEVICE, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd == -1) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			warnx("jvmti: %s not present, check your kernel for trace_clock module", CLOCK_DEVICE);
+		if (errno == EPERM)
+			warnx("jvmti: %s has wrong permissions, suggesting chmod 644 %s", CLOCK_DEVICE, CLOCK_DEVICE);
+	}
+
+	id = get_clockid(fd);
+	if (CLOCK_INVALID == id)
+		return CLOCK_INVALID;
+
+	return get_clockid(fd);
+}
+
+static inline void
+perf_close_timestamp(int id)
+{
+        close(CLOCKID_TO_FD(id));
+}
+
+
+static inline uint64_t
+timespec_to_ns(const struct timespec *ts)
+{
+        return ((uint64_t) ts->tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC) + ts->tv_nsec;
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t
+perf_get_timestamp(int id)
+{
+	struct timespec ts;
+
+	clock_gettime(id, &ts);
+	return timespec_to_ns(&ts);
+}
+
+static int
+debug_cache_init(void)
+{
+	char str[32];
+	char *base, *p;
+	struct tm tm;
+	time_t t;
+	int ret;
+
+	time(&t);
+	localtime_r(&t, &tm);
+
+	base = getenv("JITDUMPDIR");
+	if (!base)
+		base = getenv("HOME");
+	if (!base)
+		base = ".";
+
+	strftime(str, sizeof(str), JIT_LANG"-jit-%Y%m%d", &tm);
+
+	snprintf(jit_path, PATH_MAX - 1, "%s/.debug/", base);
+
+	ret = mkdir(jit_path, 0755);
+	if (ret == -1) {
+		if (errno != EEXIST) {
+			warn("jvmti: cannot create jit cache dir %s", jit_path);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	snprintf(jit_path, PATH_MAX - 1, "%s/.debug/jit", base);
+	ret = mkdir(jit_path, 0755);
+	if (ret == -1) {
+		if (errno != EEXIST) {
+			warn("cannot create jit cache dir %s", jit_path);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	snprintf(jit_path, PATH_MAX - 1, "%s/.debug/jit/%s.XXXXXXXX", base, str);
+
+	p = mkdtemp(jit_path);
+	if (p != jit_path) {
+		warn("cannot create jit cache dir %s", jit_path);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void *jvmti_open(void)
+{
+	int pad_cnt;
+	char dump_path[PATH_MAX];
+	struct jitheader header;
+	FILE *fp;
+
+	perf_fd = perf_open_timestamp();
+	if (perf_fd == -1)
+		warnx("jvmti: kernel does not support /dev/trace_clock or permissions are wrong on that device");
+
+	memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
+
+	debug_cache_init();
+
+	snprintf(dump_path, PATH_MAX, "%s/jit-%i.dump", jit_path, getpid());
+
+	fp = fopen(dump_path, "w");
+	if (!fp) {
+		warn("jvmti: cannot create %s", dump_path);
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	warnx("jvmti: jitdump in %s", dump_path);
+
+	if (get_e_machine(&header)) {
+		warn("get_e_machine failed\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	header.magic      = JITHEADER_MAGIC;
+	header.version    = JITHEADER_VERSION;
+	header.total_size = sizeof(header);
+	header.pid        = getpid();
+
+	/* calculate amount of padding '\0' */
+	pad_cnt = PADDING_8ALIGNED(header.total_size);
+	header.total_size += pad_cnt;
+
+	header.timestamp = perf_get_timestamp(perf_fd);
+
+	if (!fwrite(&header, sizeof(header), 1, fp)) {
+		warn("jvmti: cannot write dumpfile header");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	/* write padding '\0' if necessary */
+	if (pad_cnt && !fwrite(pad_bytes, pad_cnt, 1, fp)) {
+		warn("jvmti: cannot write dumpfile header padding");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	return fp;
+error:
+	fclose(fp);
+	perf_close_timestamp(perf_fd);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+int
+jvmti_close(void *agent)
+{
+	struct jr_code_close rec;
+	FILE *fp = agent;
+
+	if (!fp) {
+		warnx("jvmti: incalid fd in close_agent");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	rec.p.id = JIT_CODE_CLOSE;
+	rec.p.total_size = sizeof(rec);
+
+	rec.p.timestamp = perf_get_timestamp(perf_fd);
+
+	if (!fwrite(&rec, sizeof(rec), 1, fp))
+		return -1;
+
+	fclose(fp);
+
+	perf_close_timestamp(perf_fd);
+
+	fp = NULL;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int jvmti_write_code(void *agent, char const *sym,
+	uint64_t vma, void const *code, unsigned int const size)
+{
+	static int code_generation = 1;
+	struct jr_code_load rec;
+	size_t sym_len;
+	size_t padding_count;
+	FILE *fp = agent;
+	int ret = -1;
+
+	/* don't care about 0 length function, no samples */
+	if (size == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!fp) {
+		warnx("jvmti: invalid fd in write_native_code");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	sym_len = strlen(sym) + 1;
+
+	rec.p.id           = JIT_CODE_LOAD;
+	rec.p.total_size   = sizeof(rec) + sym_len;
+	padding_count      = PADDING_8ALIGNED(rec.p.total_size);
+	rec.p. total_size += padding_count;
+	rec.p.timestamp    = perf_get_timestamp(perf_fd);
+
+	rec.code_size  = size;
+	rec.vma        = vma;
+	rec.code_addr  = vma;
+	rec.pid	       = getpid();
+	rec.tid	       = gettid();
+	rec.code_index = code_generation++;
+
+	if (code)
+		rec.p.total_size += size;
+
+	/*
+	 * If JVM is multi-threaded, nultiple concurrent calls to agent
+	 * may be possible, so protect file writes
+	 */
+	flockfile(fp);
+
+	ret = fwrite_unlocked(&rec, sizeof(rec), 1, fp);
+	fwrite_unlocked(sym, sym_len, 1, fp);
+	if (code)
+		fwrite_unlocked(code, size, 1, fp);
+
+	if (padding_count)
+		fwrite_unlocked(pad_bytes, padding_count, 1, fp);
+
+	funlockfile(fp);
+
+	ret = 0;
+
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/tools/perf/jvmti/jvmti_agent.h b/tools/perf/jvmti/jvmti_agent.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54e5c5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/perf/jvmti/jvmti_agent.h
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#ifndef __JVMTI_AGENT_H__
+#define __JVMTI_AGENT_H__
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#define __unused __attribute__((unused))
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+void *jvmti_open(void);
+int   jvmti_close(void *agent);
+int   jvmti_write_code(void *agent, char const *symbol_name,
+		       uint64_t vma, void const *code,
+		       const unsigned int code_size);
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+}
+
+#endif
+#endif /* __JVMTI_H__ */
diff --git a/tools/perf/jvmti/libjvmti.c b/tools/perf/jvmti/libjvmti.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b8d782
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/perf/jvmti/libjvmti.c
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <err.h>
+#include <jvmti.h>
+
+#include "jvmti_agent.h"
+
+void *jvmti_agent;
+
+static void JNICALL
+compiled_method_load_cb(jvmtiEnv *jvmti,
+			jmethodID method,
+			jint code_size,
+			void const *code_addr,
+			jint map_length,
+			jvmtiAddrLocationMap const *map,
+			void const *compile_info __unused)
+{
+	jclass decl_class;
+	char *class_sign = NULL;
+	char *func_name = NULL;
+	char *func_sign = NULL;
+	jvmtiError ret;
+	size_t len;
+
+	ret = (*jvmti)->GetMethodDeclaringClass(jvmti, method,
+						&decl_class);
+	if (ret != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+		warnx("jvmti: getmethoddeclaringclass failed");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	ret = (*jvmti)->GetClassSignature(jvmti, decl_class,
+					  &class_sign, NULL);
+	if (ret != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+		warnx("jvmti: getclassignature failed");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	ret = (*jvmti)->GetMethodName(jvmti, method, &func_name,
+				      &func_sign, NULL);
+	if (ret != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+		warnx("jvmti: failed getmethodname");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	len = strlen(func_name) + strlen(class_sign) + strlen(func_sign) + 2;
+
+	{
+		char str[len];
+		uint64_t addr = (uint64_t)(unsigned long)code_addr;
+		snprintf(str, len, "%s%s%s", class_sign, func_name, func_sign);
+		ret = jvmti_write_code(jvmti_agent, str, addr, code_addr, code_size);
+		if (ret)
+			warnx("jvmti: write_code() failed");
+	}
+error:
+	(*jvmti)->Deallocate(jvmti, (unsigned char *)func_name);
+	(*jvmti)->Deallocate(jvmti, (unsigned char *)func_sign);
+	(*jvmti)->Deallocate(jvmti, (unsigned char *)class_sign);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+code_generated_cb(jvmtiEnv *jvmti,
+		  char const *name,
+		  void const *code_addr,
+		  jint code_size)
+{
+	uint64_t addr = (uint64_t)(unsigned long)code_addr;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = jvmti_write_code(jvmti_agent, name, addr, code_addr, code_size);
+	if (ret)
+		warnx("jvmti: write_code() failed for code_generated");
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Agent_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, char *options, void *reserved __unused)
+{
+	jvmtiEventCallbacks cb;
+	jvmtiCapabilities caps1;
+	jvmtiEnv *jvmti = NULL;
+	jint ret;
+
+	jvmti_agent = jvmti_open();
+	if (!jvmti_agent) {
+		warnx("jvmti: open_agent failed");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Request a JVMTI interface version 1 environment
+	 */
+	ret = (*jvm)->GetEnv(jvm, (void *)&jvmti, JVMTI_VERSION_1);
+	if (ret != JNI_OK) {
+		warnx("jvmti: jvmti version 1 not supported");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * acquire method_load capability, we require it
+	 */
+	memset(&caps1, 0, sizeof(caps1));
+	caps1.can_generate_compiled_method_load_events = 1;
+
+	ret = (*jvmti)->AddCapabilities(jvmti, &caps1);
+	if (ret != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+		warnx("jvmti: acquire compiled_method capability failed");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
+
+	cb.CompiledMethodLoad   = compiled_method_load_cb;
+	cb.DynamicCodeGenerated = code_generated_cb;
+
+	ret = (*jvmti)->SetEventCallbacks(jvmti, &cb, sizeof(cb));
+	if (ret != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+		warnx("jvmti: cannot set event callbacks");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	ret = (*jvmti)->SetEventNotificationMode(jvmti, JVMTI_ENABLE,
+			JVMTI_EVENT_COMPILED_METHOD_LOAD, NULL);
+	if (ret != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+		warnx("jvmti: setnotification failed for method_load");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	ret = (*jvmti)->SetEventNotificationMode(jvmti, JVMTI_ENABLE,
+			JVMTI_EVENT_DYNAMIC_CODE_GENERATED, NULL);
+	if (ret != JVMTI_ERROR_NONE) {
+		warnx("jvmti: setnotification failed on code_generated");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Agent_OnUnload(JavaVM *jvm __unused)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = jvmti_close(jvmti_agent);
+	if (ret)
+		errx(1, "Error: op_close_agent()");
+}
-- 
1.9.1

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