[PATCH 4.2 090/258] memcg: fix dirty page migration

[Greg Kroah-Hartman]

4.2-stable review patch.  If anyone has any objections, please let me know.

------------------

From: Greg Thelen <gthelen@xxxxxxxxxx>

commit 0610c25daa3e76e38ad5a8fae683a89ff9f71798 upstream.

The problem starts with a file backed dirty page which is charged to a
memcg.  Then page migration is used to move oldpage to newpage.

Migration:
 - copies the oldpage's data to newpage
 - clears oldpage.PG_dirty
 - sets newpage.PG_dirty
 - uncharges oldpage from memcg
 - charges newpage to memcg

Clearing oldpage.PG_dirty decrements the charged memcg's dirty page
count.

However, because newpage is not yet charged, setting newpage.PG_dirty
does not increment the memcg's dirty page count.  After migration
completes newpage.PG_dirty is eventually cleared, often in
account_page_cleaned().  At this time newpage is charged to a memcg so
the memcg's dirty page count is decremented which causes underflow
because the count was not previously incremented by migration.  This
underflow causes balance_dirty_pages() to see a very large unsigned
number of dirty memcg pages which leads to aggressive throttling of
buffered writes by processes in non root memcg.

This issue:
 - can harm performance of non root memcg buffered writes.
 - can report too small (even negative) values in
   memory.stat[(total_)dirty] counters of all memcg, including the root.

To avoid polluting migrate.c with #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG checks, introduce
page_memcg() and set_page_memcg() helpers.

Test:
    0) setup and enter limited memcg
    mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/test
    echo 1G > /sys/fs/cgroup/test/memory.limit_in_bytes
    echo $$ > /sys/fs/cgroup/test/cgroup.procs

    1) buffered writes baseline
    dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/tmp/foo bs=1M count=1k
    sync
    grep ^dirty /sys/fs/cgroup/test/memory.stat

    2) buffered writes with compaction antagonist to induce migration
    yes 1 > /proc/sys/vm/compact_memory &
    rm -rf /data/tmp/foo
    dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/tmp/foo bs=1M count=1k
    kill %
    sync
    grep ^dirty /sys/fs/cgroup/test/memory.stat

    3) buffered writes without antagonist, should match baseline
    rm -rf /data/tmp/foo
    dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/tmp/foo bs=1M count=1k
    sync
    grep ^dirty /sys/fs/cgroup/test/memory.stat

                       (speed, dirty residue)
             unpatched                       patched
    1) 841 MB/s 0 dirty pages          886 MB/s 0 dirty pages
    2) 611 MB/s -33427456 dirty pages  793 MB/s 0 dirty pages
    3) 114 MB/s -33427456 dirty pages  891 MB/s 0 dirty pages

    Notice that unpatched baseline performance (1) fell after
    migration (3): 841 -> 114 MB/s.  In the patched kernel, post
    migration performance matches baseline.

Fixes: c4843a7593a9 ("memcg: add per cgroup dirty page accounting")
Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@xxxxxxxxxx>
Reported-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@xxxxxxxxx>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@xxxxxxxx>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@xxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>

---
 include/linux/mm.h |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
 mm/migrate.c       |   12 +++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -916,6 +916,27 @@ static inline void set_page_links(struct
 #endif
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
+static inline struct mem_cgroup *page_memcg(struct page *page)
+{
+	return page->mem_cgroup;
+}
+
+static inline void set_page_memcg(struct page *page, struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
+{
+	page->mem_cgroup = memcg;
+}
+#else
+static inline struct mem_cgroup *page_memcg(struct page *page)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline void set_page_memcg(struct page *page, struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
+{
+}
+#endif
+
 /*
  * Some inline functions in vmstat.h depend on page_zone()
  */
--- a/mm/migrate.c
+++ b/mm/migrate.c
@@ -734,6 +734,15 @@ static int move_to_new_page(struct page
 	if (PageSwapBacked(page))
 		SetPageSwapBacked(newpage);
 
+	/*
+	 * Indirectly called below, migrate_page_copy() copies PG_dirty and thus
+	 * needs newpage's memcg set to transfer memcg dirty page accounting.
+	 * So perform memcg migration in two steps:
+	 * 1. set newpage->mem_cgroup (here)
+	 * 2. clear page->mem_cgroup (below)
+	 */
+	set_page_memcg(newpage, page_memcg(page));
+
 	mapping = page_mapping(page);
 	if (!mapping)
 		rc = migrate_page(mapping, newpage, page, mode);
@@ -750,9 +759,10 @@ static int move_to_new_page(struct page
 		rc = fallback_migrate_page(mapping, newpage, page, mode);
 
 	if (rc != MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS) {
+		set_page_memcg(newpage, NULL);
 		newpage->mapping = NULL;
 	} else {
-		mem_cgroup_migrate(page, newpage, false);
+		set_page_memcg(page, NULL);
 		if (page_was_mapped)
 			remove_migration_ptes(page, newpage);
 		page->mapping = NULL;


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