[tip:sched/urgent] sched/fair: Fix cfs_rq avg tracking underflow
From: tip-bot for Peter Zijlstra
Date: Mon Jun 20 2016 - 09:26:20 EST
Commit-ID: 8974189222159154c55f24ddad33e3613960521a
Gitweb: http://git.kernel.org/tip/8974189222159154c55f24ddad33e3613960521a
Author: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
AuthorDate: Thu, 16 Jun 2016 10:50:40 +0200
Committer: Ingo Molnar <mingo@xxxxxxxxxx>
CommitDate: Mon, 20 Jun 2016 11:29:09 +0200
sched/fair: Fix cfs_rq avg tracking underflow
As per commit:
b7fa30c9cc48 ("sched/fair: Fix post_init_entity_util_avg() serialization")
> the code generated from update_cfs_rq_load_avg():
>
> if (atomic_long_read(&cfs_rq->removed_load_avg)) {
> s64 r = atomic_long_xchg(&cfs_rq->removed_load_avg, 0);
> sa->load_avg = max_t(long, sa->load_avg - r, 0);
> sa->load_sum = max_t(s64, sa->load_sum - r * LOAD_AVG_MAX, 0);
> removed_load = 1;
> }
>
> turns into:
>
> ffffffff81087064: 49 8b 85 98 00 00 00 mov 0x98(%r13),%rax
> ffffffff8108706b: 48 85 c0 test %rax,%rax
> ffffffff8108706e: 74 40 je ffffffff810870b0 <update_blocked_averages+0xc0>
> ffffffff81087070: 4c 89 f8 mov %r15,%rax
> ffffffff81087073: 49 87 85 98 00 00 00 xchg %rax,0x98(%r13)
> ffffffff8108707a: 49 29 45 70 sub %rax,0x70(%r13)
> ffffffff8108707e: 4c 89 f9 mov %r15,%rcx
> ffffffff81087081: bb 01 00 00 00 mov $0x1,%ebx
> ffffffff81087086: 49 83 7d 70 00 cmpq $0x0,0x70(%r13)
> ffffffff8108708b: 49 0f 49 4d 70 cmovns 0x70(%r13),%rcx
>
> Which you'll note ends up with sa->load_avg -= r in memory at
> ffffffff8108707a.
So I _should_ have looked at other unserialized users of ->load_avg,
but alas. Luckily nikbor reported a similar /0 from task_h_load() which
instantly triggered recollection of this here problem.
Aside from the intermediate value hitting memory and causing problems,
there's another problem: the underflow detection relies on the signed
bit. This reduces the effective width of the variables, IOW its
effectively the same as having these variables be of signed type.
This patch changes to a different means of unsigned underflow
detection to not rely on the signed bit. This allows the variables to
use the 'full' unsigned range. And it does so with explicit LOAD -
STORE to ensure any intermediate value will never be visible in
memory, allowing these unserialized loads.
Note: GCC generates crap code for this, might warrant a look later.
Note2: I say 'full' above, if we end up at U*_MAX we'll still explode;
maybe we should do clamping on add too.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@xxxxxx>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Yuyang Du <yuyang.du@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: bsegall@xxxxxxxxxx
Cc: kernel@xxxxxxxx
Cc: morten.rasmussen@xxxxxxx
Cc: pjt@xxxxxxxxxx
Cc: steve.muckle@xxxxxxxxxx
Fixes: 9d89c257dfb9 ("sched/fair: Rewrite runnable load and utilization average tracking")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160617091948.GJ30927@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
kernel/sched/fair.c | 33 +++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/sched/fair.c b/kernel/sched/fair.c
index a2348de..2ae68f0 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/fair.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/fair.c
@@ -2904,6 +2904,23 @@ static inline void cfs_rq_util_change(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
}
}
+/*
+ * Unsigned subtract and clamp on underflow.
+ *
+ * Explicitly do a load-store to ensure the intermediate value never hits
+ * memory. This allows lockless observations without ever seeing the negative
+ * values.
+ */
+#define sub_positive(_ptr, _val) do { \
+ typeof(_ptr) ptr = (_ptr); \
+ typeof(*ptr) val = (_val); \
+ typeof(*ptr) res, var = READ_ONCE(*ptr); \
+ res = var - val; \
+ if (res > var) \
+ res = 0; \
+ WRITE_ONCE(*ptr, res); \
+} while (0)
+
/* Group cfs_rq's load_avg is used for task_h_load and update_cfs_share */
static inline int
update_cfs_rq_load_avg(u64 now, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, bool update_freq)
@@ -2913,15 +2930,15 @@ update_cfs_rq_load_avg(u64 now, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, bool update_freq)
if (atomic_long_read(&cfs_rq->removed_load_avg)) {
s64 r = atomic_long_xchg(&cfs_rq->removed_load_avg, 0);
- sa->load_avg = max_t(long, sa->load_avg - r, 0);
- sa->load_sum = max_t(s64, sa->load_sum - r * LOAD_AVG_MAX, 0);
+ sub_positive(&sa->load_avg, r);
+ sub_positive(&sa->load_sum, r * LOAD_AVG_MAX);
removed_load = 1;
}
if (atomic_long_read(&cfs_rq->removed_util_avg)) {
long r = atomic_long_xchg(&cfs_rq->removed_util_avg, 0);
- sa->util_avg = max_t(long, sa->util_avg - r, 0);
- sa->util_sum = max_t(s32, sa->util_sum - r * LOAD_AVG_MAX, 0);
+ sub_positive(&sa->util_avg, r);
+ sub_positive(&sa->util_sum, r * LOAD_AVG_MAX);
removed_util = 1;
}
@@ -2994,10 +3011,10 @@ static void detach_entity_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *s
&se->avg, se->on_rq * scale_load_down(se->load.weight),
cfs_rq->curr == se, NULL);
- cfs_rq->avg.load_avg = max_t(long, cfs_rq->avg.load_avg - se->avg.load_avg, 0);
- cfs_rq->avg.load_sum = max_t(s64, cfs_rq->avg.load_sum - se->avg.load_sum, 0);
- cfs_rq->avg.util_avg = max_t(long, cfs_rq->avg.util_avg - se->avg.util_avg, 0);
- cfs_rq->avg.util_sum = max_t(s32, cfs_rq->avg.util_sum - se->avg.util_sum, 0);
+ sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.load_avg, se->avg.load_avg);
+ sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.load_sum, se->avg.load_sum);
+ sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_avg, se->avg.util_avg);
+ sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_sum, se->avg.util_sum);
cfs_rq_util_change(cfs_rq);
}