[PATCH 3.2 017/152] x86/quirks: Add early quirk to reset Apple AirPort card

From: Ben Hutchings
Date: Sun Nov 13 2016 - 21:07:31 EST

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3.2.84-rc1 review patch. If anyone has any objections, please let me know.

------------------

From: Lukas Wunner <lukas@xxxxxxxxx>

commit abb2bafd295fe962bbadc329dbfb2146457283ac upstream.

The EFI firmware on Macs contains a full-fledged network stack for
downloading OS X images from osrecovery.apple.com. Unfortunately
on Macs introduced 2011 and 2012, EFI brings up the Broadcom 4331
wireless card on every boot and leaves it enabled even after
ExitBootServices has been called. The card continues to assert its IRQ
line, causing spurious interrupts if the IRQ is shared. It also corrupts
memory by DMAing received packets, allowing for remote code execution
over the air. This only stops when a driver is loaded for the wireless
card, which may be never if the driver is not installed or blacklisted.

The issue seems to be constrained to the Broadcom 4331. Chris Milsted
has verified that the newer Broadcom 4360 built into the MacBookPro11,3
(2013/2014) does not exhibit this behaviour. The chances that Apple will
ever supply a firmware fix for the older machines appear to be zero.

The solution is to reset the card on boot by writing to a reset bit in
its mmio space. This must be done as an early quirk and not as a plain
vanilla PCI quirk to successfully combat memory corruption by DMAed
packets: Matthew Garrett found out in 2012 that the packets are written
to EfiBootServicesData memory (http://mjg59.dreamwidth.org/11235.html).
This type of memory is made available to the page allocator by
efi_free_boot_services(). Plain vanilla PCI quirks run much later, in
subsys initcall level. In-between a time window would be open for memory
corruption. Random crashes occurring in this time window and attributed
to DMAed packets have indeed been observed in the wild by Chris
Bainbridge.

When Matthew Garrett analyzed the memory corruption issue in 2012, he
sought to fix it with a grub quirk which transitions the card to D3hot:
http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/grub.git/commit/?id=9d34bb85da56

This approach does not help users with other bootloaders and while it
may prevent DMAed packets, it does not cure the spurious interrupts
emanating from the card. Unfortunately the card's mmio space is
inaccessible in D3hot, so to reset it, we have to undo the effect of
Matthew's grub patch and transition the card back to D0.

Note that the quirk takes a few shortcuts to reduce the amount of code:
The size of BAR 0 and the location of the PM capability is identical
on all affected machines and therefore hardcoded. Only the address of
BAR 0 differs between models. Also, it is assumed that the BCMA core
currently mapped is the 802.11 core. The EFI driver seems to always take
care of this.

Michael BÃsch, Bjorn Helgaas and Matt Fleming contributed feedback
towards finding the best solution to this problem.

The following should be a comprehensive list of affected models:
iMac13,1 2012 21.5" [Root Port 00:1c.3 = 8086:1e16]
iMac13,2 2012 27" [Root Port 00:1c.3 = 8086:1e16]
Macmini5,1 2011 i5 2.3 GHz [Root Port 00:1c.1 = 8086:1c12]
Macmini5,2 2011 i5 2.5 GHz [Root Port 00:1c.1 = 8086:1c12]
Macmini5,3 2011 i7 2.0 GHz [Root Port 00:1c.1 = 8086:1c12]
Macmini6,1 2012 i5 2.5 GHz [Root Port 00:1c.1 = 8086:1e12]
Macmini6,2 2012 i7 2.3 GHz [Root Port 00:1c.1 = 8086:1e12]
MacBookPro8,1 2011 13" [Root Port 00:1c.1 = 8086:1c12]
MacBookPro8,2 2011 15" [Root Port 00:1c.1 = 8086:1c12]
MacBookPro8,3 2011 17" [Root Port 00:1c.1 = 8086:1c12]
MacBookPro9,1 2012 15" [Root Port 00:1c.1 = 8086:1e12]
MacBookPro9,2 2012 13" [Root Port 00:1c.1 = 8086:1e12]
MacBookPro10,1 2012 15" [Root Port 00:1c.1 = 8086:1e12]
MacBookPro10,2 2012 13" [Root Port 00:1c.1 = 8086:1e12]

For posterity, spurious interrupts caused by the Broadcom 4331 wireless
card resulted in splats like this (stacktrace omitted):

irq 17: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option)
handlers:
[<ffffffff81374370>] pcie_isr
[<ffffffffc0704550>] sdhci_irq [sdhci] threaded [<ffffffffc07013c0>] sdhci_thread_irq [sdhci]
[<ffffffffc0a0b960>] azx_interrupt [snd_hda_codec]
Disabling IRQ #17

Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=79301
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=111781
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=728916
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=895951#c16
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1009819
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1098621
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1149632#c5
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1279130
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1332732
Tested-by: Konstantin Simanov <k.simanov@xxxxxxx> # [MacBookPro8,1]
Tested-by: Lukas Wunner <lukas@xxxxxxxxx> # [MacBookPro9,1]
Tested-by: Bryan Paradis <bryan.paradis@xxxxxxxxx> # [MacBookPro9,2]
Tested-by: Andrew Worsley <amworsley@xxxxxxxxx> # [MacBookPro10,1]
Tested-by: Chris Bainbridge <chris.bainbridge@xxxxxxxxx> # [MacBookPro10,2]
Signed-off-by: Lukas Wunner <lukas@xxxxxxxxx>
Acked-by: RafaÅ MiÅecki <zajec5@xxxxxxxxx>
Acked-by: Matt Fleming <matt@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Chris Milsted <cmilsted@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Michael Buesch <m@xxxxxxx>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: b43-dev@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Cc: linux-pci@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Cc: linux-wireless@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/48d0972ac82a53d460e5fce77a07b2560db95203.1465690253.git.lukas@xxxxxxxxx
[ Did minor readability edits. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@xxxxxxxxxx>
[bwh: Backported to 3.2:
- early_ioremap() is declared in <asm/io.h> not <asm/early_ioremap.h>
- Add definition of BCMA_RESET_ST
- Adjust context]
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
arch/x86/kernel/early-quirks.c | 64 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
drivers/bcma/bcma_private.h | 2 --
include/linux/bcma/bcma.h | 1 +
3 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

--- a/arch/x86/kernel/early-quirks.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/early-quirks.c
@@ -11,13 +11,20 @@

#include <linux/pci.h>
#include <linux/acpi.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/dmi.h>
#include <linux/pci_ids.h>
+#include <linux/bcma/bcma.h>
+#include <linux/bcma/bcma_regs.h>
#include <asm/pci-direct.h>
#include <asm/dma.h>
#include <asm/io_apic.h>
#include <asm/apic.h>
#include <asm/iommu.h>
#include <asm/gart.h>
+#include <asm/io.h>
+
+#define dev_err(msg) pr_err("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: %s", bus, slot, func, msg)

static void __init fix_hypertransport_config(int num, int slot, int func)
{
@@ -199,6 +206,62 @@ static void __init ati_bugs_contd(int nu
}
#endif

+#define BCM4331_MMIO_SIZE 16384
+#define BCM4331_PM_CAP 0x40
+#define bcma_aread32(reg) ioread32(mmio + 1 * BCMA_CORE_SIZE + reg)
+#define bcma_awrite32(reg, val) iowrite32(val, mmio + 1 * BCMA_CORE_SIZE + reg)
+
+static void __init apple_airport_reset(int bus, int slot, int func)
+{
+ void __iomem *mmio;
+ u16 pmcsr;
+ u64 addr;
+ int i;
+
+ if (!dmi_match(DMI_SYS_VENDOR, "Apple Inc."))
+ return;
+
+ /* Card may have been put into PCI_D3hot by grub quirk */
+ pmcsr = read_pci_config_16(bus, slot, func, BCM4331_PM_CAP + PCI_PM_CTRL);
+
+ if ((pmcsr & PCI_PM_CTRL_STATE_MASK) != PCI_D0) {
+ pmcsr &= ~PCI_PM_CTRL_STATE_MASK;
+ write_pci_config_16(bus, slot, func, BCM4331_PM_CAP + PCI_PM_CTRL, pmcsr);
+ mdelay(10);
+
+ pmcsr = read_pci_config_16(bus, slot, func, BCM4331_PM_CAP + PCI_PM_CTRL);
+ if ((pmcsr & PCI_PM_CTRL_STATE_MASK) != PCI_D0) {
+ dev_err("Cannot power up Apple AirPort card\n");
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+
+ addr = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0);
+ addr |= (u64)read_pci_config(bus, slot, func, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_1) << 32;
+ addr &= PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_MASK;
+
+ mmio = early_ioremap(addr, BCM4331_MMIO_SIZE);
+ if (!mmio) {
+ dev_err("Cannot iomap Apple AirPort card\n");
+ return;
+ }
+
+ pr_info("Resetting Apple AirPort card (left enabled by EFI)\n");
+
+ for (i = 0; bcma_aread32(BCMA_RESET_ST) && i < 30; i++)
+ udelay(10);
+
+ bcma_awrite32(BCMA_RESET_CTL, BCMA_RESET_CTL_RESET);
+ bcma_aread32(BCMA_RESET_CTL);
+ udelay(1);
+
+ bcma_awrite32(BCMA_RESET_CTL, 0);
+ bcma_aread32(BCMA_RESET_CTL);
+ udelay(10);
+
+ early_iounmap(mmio, BCM4331_MMIO_SIZE);
+}
+
#define QFLAG_APPLY_ONCE 0x1
#define QFLAG_APPLIED 0x2
#define QFLAG_DONE (QFLAG_APPLY_ONCE|QFLAG_APPLIED)
@@ -222,6 +285,8 @@ static struct chipset early_qrk[] __init
PCI_CLASS_SERIAL_SMBUS, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, ati_bugs },
{ PCI_VENDOR_ID_ATI, PCI_DEVICE_ID_ATI_SBX00_SMBUS,
PCI_CLASS_SERIAL_SMBUS, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, ati_bugs_contd },
+ { PCI_VENDOR_ID_BROADCOM, 0x4331,
+ PCI_CLASS_NETWORK_OTHER, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, apple_airport_reset},
{}
};

--- a/drivers/bcma/bcma_private.h
+++ b/drivers/bcma/bcma_private.h
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
#include <linux/bcma/bcma.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>

-#define BCMA_CORE_SIZE 0x1000
-
struct bcma_bus;

/* main.c */
--- a/include/linux/bcma/bcma.h
+++ b/include/linux/bcma/bcma.h
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ struct bcma_host_ops {
#define BCMA_CORE_DEFAULT 0xFFF

#define BCMA_MAX_NR_CORES 16
+#define BCMA_CORE_SIZE 0x1000

struct bcma_device {
struct bcma_bus *bus;
--- a/include/linux/bcma/bcma_regs.h
+++ b/include/linux/bcma/bcma_regs.h
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
#define BCMA_IOST_BIST_DONE 0x8000
#define BCMA_RESET_CTL 0x0800
#define BCMA_RESET_CTL_RESET 0x0001
+#define BCMA_RESET_ST 0x0804

/* BCMA PCI config space registers. */
#define BCMA_PCI_PMCSR 0x44

Next message: Chunyan Zhang: "Re: [PATCH V7 1/3] tracing: add a possibility of exporting function trace to other places instead of ring buffer only"
Previous message: Ben Hutchings: "[PATCH 3.2 146/152] fs: Avoid premature clearing of capabilities"
In reply to: Ben Hutchings: "[PATCH 3.2 146/152] fs: Avoid premature clearing of capabilities"
Next in thread: Ben Hutchings: "[PATCH 3.2 102/152] mtd: nand: davinci: Reinitialize the HW ECC engine in 4bit hwctl"
Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ]