[patch V2 23/29] lockup_detector: Get rid of the racy update loop

[Thomas Gleixner]

Letting user space poke directly at variables which are used at run time is
stupid and causes a lot of race conditions and other issues.

Seperate the user variables and on change invoke the reconfiguration, which
then stops the watchdogs, reevaluates the new user value and restarts the
watchdogs with the new parameters.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170831073054.832604378@xxxxxxxxxxxxx

---
 kernel/watchdog.c |   95 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------------
 1 file changed, 47 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-)

--- a/kernel/watchdog.c
+++ b/kernel/watchdog.c
@@ -32,15 +32,17 @@
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(watchdog_mutex);
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR) || defined(CONFIG_HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG)
-unsigned long __read_mostly watchdog_enabled = SOFT_WATCHDOG_ENABLED |
-						NMI_WATCHDOG_ENABLED;
+# define WATCHDOG_DEFAULT	(SOFT_WATCHDOG_ENABLED | NMI_WATCHDOG_ENABLED)
+# define NMI_WATCHDOG_DEFAULT	1
 #else
-unsigned long __read_mostly watchdog_enabled = SOFT_WATCHDOG_ENABLED;
+# define WATCHDOG_DEFAULT	(SOFT_WATCHDOG_ENABLED)
+# define NMI_WATCHDOG_DEFAULT	0
 #endif
 
-int __read_mostly nmi_watchdog_user_enabled;
-int __read_mostly soft_watchdog_user_enabled;
-int __read_mostly watchdog_user_enabled;
+unsigned long __read_mostly watchdog_enabled;
+int __read_mostly watchdog_user_enabled = 1;
+int __read_mostly nmi_watchdog_user_enabled = NMI_WATCHDOG_DEFAULT;
+int __read_mostly soft_watchdog_user_enabled = 1;
 int __read_mostly watchdog_thresh = 10;
 
 struct cpumask watchdog_allowed_mask __read_mostly;
@@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ unsigned int __read_mostly hardlockup_pa
  */
 void __init hardlockup_detector_disable(void)
 {
-	watchdog_enabled &= ~NMI_WATCHDOG_ENABLED;
+	nmi_watchdog_user_enabled = 0;
 }
 
 static int __init hardlockup_panic_setup(char *str)
@@ -75,9 +77,9 @@ static int __init hardlockup_panic_setup
 	else if (!strncmp(str, "nopanic", 7))
 		hardlockup_panic = 0;
 	else if (!strncmp(str, "0", 1))
-		watchdog_enabled &= ~NMI_WATCHDOG_ENABLED;
+		nmi_watchdog_user_enabled = 0;
 	else if (!strncmp(str, "1", 1))
-		watchdog_enabled |= NMI_WATCHDOG_ENABLED;
+		nmi_watchdog_user_enabled = 1;
 	return 1;
 }
 __setup("nmi_watchdog=", hardlockup_panic_setup);
@@ -132,6 +134,23 @@ void __weak watchdog_nmi_disable(unsigne
  */
 void __weak watchdog_nmi_reconfigure(bool run) { }
 
+/**
+ * lockup_detector_update_enable - Update the sysctl enable bit
+ *
+ * Caller needs to make sure that the NMI/perf watchdogs are off, so this
+ * can't race with watchdog_nmi_disable().
+ */
+static void lockup_detector_update_enable(void)
+{
+	watchdog_enabled = 0;
+	if (!watchdog_user_enabled)
+		return;
+	if (nmi_watchdog_user_enabled)
+		watchdog_enabled |= NMI_WATCHDOG_ENABLED;
+	if (soft_watchdog_user_enabled)
+		watchdog_enabled |= SOFT_WATCHDOG_ENABLED;
+}
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR
 
 /* Global variables, exported for sysctl */
@@ -160,14 +179,14 @@ static int __init softlockup_panic_setup
 
 static int __init nowatchdog_setup(char *str)
 {
-	watchdog_enabled = 0;
+	watchdog_user_enabled = 0;
 	return 1;
 }
 __setup("nowatchdog", nowatchdog_setup);
 
 static int __init nosoftlockup_setup(char *str)
 {
-	watchdog_enabled &= ~SOFT_WATCHDOG_ENABLED;
+	soft_watchdog_user_enabled = 0;
 	return 1;
 }
 __setup("nosoftlockup", nosoftlockup_setup);
@@ -521,12 +540,13 @@ static void softlockup_unpark_threads(vo
 	softlockup_update_smpboot_threads();
 }
 
-static void softlockup_reconfigure_threads(bool enabled)
+static void softlockup_reconfigure_threads(void)
 {
 	watchdog_nmi_reconfigure(false);
 	softlockup_park_all_threads();
 	set_sample_period();
-	if (enabled)
+	lockup_detector_update_enable();
+	if (watchdog_enabled && watchdog_thresh)
 		softlockup_unpark_threads();
 	watchdog_nmi_reconfigure(true);
 }
@@ -546,6 +566,8 @@ static __init void softlockup_init_threa
 	 * If sysctl is off and watchdog got disabled on the command line,
 	 * nothing to do here.
 	 */
+	lockup_detector_update_enable();
+
 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SYSCTL) &&
 	    !(watchdog_enabled && watchdog_thresh))
 		return;
@@ -559,7 +581,7 @@ static __init void softlockup_init_threa
 
 	mutex_lock(&watchdog_mutex);
 	softlockup_threads_initialized = true;
-	softlockup_reconfigure_threads(watchdog_enabled && watchdog_thresh);
+	softlockup_reconfigure_threads();
 	mutex_unlock(&watchdog_mutex);
 }
 
@@ -569,9 +591,10 @@ static inline void watchdog_unpark_threa
 static inline int watchdog_enable_all_cpus(void) { return 0; }
 static inline void watchdog_disable_all_cpus(void) { }
 static inline void softlockup_init_threads(void) { }
-static void softlockup_reconfigure_threads(bool enabled)
+static void softlockup_reconfigure_threads(void)
 {
 	watchdog_nmi_reconfigure(false);
+	lockup_detector_update_enable();
 	watchdog_nmi_reconfigure(true);
 }
 #endif /* !CONFIG_SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR */
@@ -612,7 +635,7 @@ static void proc_watchdog_update(void)
 {
 	/* Remove impossible cpus to keep sysctl output clean. */
 	cpumask_and(&watchdog_cpumask, &watchdog_cpumask, cpu_possible_mask);
-	softlockup_reconfigure_threads(watchdog_enabled && watchdog_thresh);
+	softlockup_reconfigure_threads();
 }
 
 /*
@@ -630,48 +653,24 @@ static void proc_watchdog_update(void)
 static int proc_watchdog_common(int which, struct ctl_table *table, int write,
 				void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
 {
-	int err, old, new;
-	int *watchdog_param = (int *)table->data;
+	int err, old, *param = table->data;
 
 	cpu_hotplug_disable();
 	mutex_lock(&watchdog_mutex);
 
-	/*
-	 * If the parameter is being read return the state of the corresponding
-	 * bit(s) in 'watchdog_enabled', else update 'watchdog_enabled' and the
-	 * run state of the lockup detectors.
-	 */
 	if (!write) {
-		*watchdog_param = (watchdog_enabled & which) != 0;
+		/*
+		 * On read synchronize the userspace interface. This is a
+		 * racy snapshot.
+		 */
+		*param = (watchdog_enabled & which) != 0;
 		err = proc_dointvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
 	} else {
+		old = READ_ONCE(*param);
 		err = proc_dointvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
-		if (err)
-			goto out;
-
-		/*
-		 * There is a race window between fetching the current value
-		 * from 'watchdog_enabled' and storing the new value. During
-		 * this race window, watchdog_nmi_enable() can sneak in and
-		 * clear the NMI_WATCHDOG_ENABLED bit in 'watchdog_enabled'.
-		 * The 'cmpxchg' detects this race and the loop retries.
-		 */
-		do {
-			old = watchdog_enabled;
-			/*
-			 * If the parameter value is not zero set the
-			 * corresponding bit(s), else clear it(them).
-			 */
-			if (*watchdog_param)
-				new = old | which;
-			else
-				new = old & ~which;
-		} while (cmpxchg(&watchdog_enabled, old, new) != old);
-
-		if (old != new)
+		if (!err && old != READ_ONCE(*param))
 			proc_watchdog_update();
 	}
-out:
 	mutex_unlock(&watchdog_mutex);
 	cpu_hotplug_enable();
 	return err;