Re: CFQ idling kills I/O performance on ext4 with blkio cgroup controller

From: Jan Kara
Date: Tue May 21 2019 - 05:13:00 EST


On Tue 21-05-19 08:23:05, Paolo Valente wrote:
> > Il giorno 21 mag 2019, alle ore 00:45, Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> ha scritto:
> >
> > On 5/20/19 3:19 AM, Paolo Valente wrote:
> >>
> >>
> >>> Il giorno 18 mag 2019, alle ore 22:50, Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> ha scritto:
> >>>
> >>> On 5/18/19 11:39 AM, Paolo Valente wrote:
> >>>> I've addressed these issues in my last batch of improvements for BFQ,
> >>>> which landed in the upcoming 5.2. If you give it a try, and still see
> >>>> the problem, then I'll be glad to reproduce it, and hopefully fix it
> >>>> for you.
> >>>>
> >>>
> >>> Hi Paolo,
> >>>
> >>> Thank you for looking into this!
> >>>
> >>> I just tried current mainline at commit 72cf0b07, but unfortunately
> >>> didn't see any improvement:
> >>>
> >>> dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/test.img bs=512 count=10000 oflag=dsync
> >>>
> >>> With mq-deadline, I get:
> >>>
> >>> 5120000 bytes (5.1 MB, 4.9 MiB) copied, 3.90981 s, 1.3 MB/s
> >>>
> >>> With bfq, I get:
> >>> 5120000 bytes (5.1 MB, 4.9 MiB) copied, 84.8216 s, 60.4 kB/s
> >>>
> >>
> >> Hi Srivatsa,
> >> thanks for reproducing this on mainline. I seem to have reproduced a
> >> bonsai-tree version of this issue. Before digging into the block
> >> trace, I'd like to ask you for some feedback.
> >>
> >> First, in my test, the total throughput of the disk happens to be
> >> about 20 times as high as that enjoyed by dd, regardless of the I/O
> >> scheduler. I guess this massive overhead is normal with dsync, but
> >> I'd like know whether it is about the same on your side. This will
> >> help me understand whether I'll actually be analyzing about the same
> >> problem as yours.
> >>
> >
> > Do you mean to say the throughput obtained by dd'ing directly to the
> > block device (bypassing the filesystem)?
>
> No no, I mean simply what follows.
>
> 1) in one terminal:
> [root@localhost tmp]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/test.img bs=512 count=10000 oflag=dsync
> 10000+0 record dentro
> 10000+0 record fuori
> 5120000 bytes (5,1 MB, 4,9 MiB) copied, 14,6892 s, 349 kB/s
>
> 2) In a second terminal, while the dd is in progress in the first
> terminal:
> $ iostat -tmd /dev/sda 3
> Linux 5.1.0+ (localhost.localdomain) 20/05/2019 _x86_64_ (2 CPU)
>
> ...
> 20/05/2019 11:40:17
> Device tps MB_read/s MB_wrtn/s MB_read MB_wrtn
> sda 2288,00 0,00 9,77 0 29
>
> 20/05/2019 11:40:20
> Device tps MB_read/s MB_wrtn/s MB_read MB_wrtn
> sda 2325,33 0,00 9,93 0 29
>
> 20/05/2019 11:40:23
> Device tps MB_read/s MB_wrtn/s MB_read MB_wrtn
> sda 2351,33 0,00 10,05 0 30
> ...
>
> As you can see, the overall throughput (~10 MB/s) is more than 20
> times as high as the dd throughput (~350 KB/s). But the dd is the
> only source of I/O.

Yes and that's expected. It just shows how inefficient small synchronous IO
is. Look, dd(1) writes 512-bytes. From FS point of view we have to write:
full fs block with data (+4KB), inode to journal (+4KB), journal descriptor
block (+4KB), journal superblock (+4KB), transaction commit block (+4KB) -
so that's 20KB just from top of my head to write 512 bytes...

Honza

--
Jan Kara <jack@xxxxxxxx>
SUSE Labs, CR