[PATCH v1] KVM: x86: PMU Whitelist

From: Eric Hankland
Date: Wed May 22 2019 - 18:26:00 EST

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- Add a VCPU ioctl that can control which events the guest can monitor.

Signed-off-by: ehankland <ehankland@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
Some events can provide a guest with information about other guests or the
host (e.g. L3 cache stats); providing the capability to restrict access
to a "safe" set of events would limit the potential for the PMU to be used
in any side channel attacks. This change introduces a new vcpu ioctl that
sets an event whitelist. If the guest attempts to program a counter for
any unwhitelisted event, the kernel counter won't be created, so any
RDPMC/RDMSR will show 0 instances of that event.
---
Documentation/virtual/kvm/api.txt | 16 +++++++++++
arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h | 1 +
arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 7 +++++
arch/x86/kvm/pmu.c | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
arch/x86/kvm/pmu.h | 3 +++
arch/x86/kvm/pmu_amd.c | 16 +++++++++++
arch/x86/kvm/vmx/pmu_intel.c | 16 +++++++++++
arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 7 +++++
include/uapi/linux/kvm.h | 4 +++
9 files changed, 114 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Documentation/virtual/kvm/api.txt
b/Documentation/virtual/kvm/api.txt
index ba6c42c576dd..79cbe7339145 100644
--- a/Documentation/virtual/kvm/api.txt
+++ b/Documentation/virtual/kvm/api.txt
@@ -4065,6 +4065,22 @@ KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE call.
See KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT for details of vcpu features that require finalization
using this ioctl.

+4.120 KVM_SET_PMU_WHITELIST
+
+Capability: KVM_CAP_PMU_WHITELIST
+Architectures: x86
+Type: vm ioctl
+Parameters: struct kvm_pmu_whitelist (in)
+Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
+
+struct kvm_pmu_whitelist {
+ __u64 event_mask;
+ __u16 num_events;
+ __u64 events[0];
+};
+This ioctl restricts the set of PMU events that the guest can program to the
+set of whitelisted events.
+
5. The kvm_run structure
------------------------

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
index 450d69a1e6fa..942647475999 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
@@ -477,6 +477,7 @@ struct kvm_pmu {
struct kvm_pmc fixed_counters[INTEL_PMC_MAX_FIXED];
struct irq_work irq_work;
u64 reprogram_pmi;
+ struct kvm_pmu_whitelist *whitelist;
};

struct kvm_pmu_ops;
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
index 7a0e64ccd6ff..2633b48b75cd 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
@@ -421,4 +421,11 @@ struct kvm_nested_state {
__u8 data[0];
};

+/* for KVM_SET_PMU_WHITELIST */
+struct kvm_pmu_whitelist {
+ __u64 event_mask;
+ __u16 num_events;
+ __u64 events[0];
+};
+
#endif /* _ASM_X86_KVM_H */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.c b/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.c
index e39741997893..d0d81cd3626d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.c
@@ -101,6 +101,9 @@ static void pmc_reprogram_counter(struct kvm_pmc
*pmc, u32 type,
bool exclude_kernel, bool intr,
bool in_tx, bool in_tx_cp)
{
+ struct kvm_pmu *pmu = pmc_to_pmu(pmc);
+ int i;
+ u64 event_config;
struct perf_event *event;
struct perf_event_attr attr = {
.type = type,
@@ -127,6 +130,19 @@ static void pmc_reprogram_counter(struct kvm_pmc
*pmc, u32 type,
attr.config |= HSW_IN_TX_CHECKPOINTED;
}

+ if (pmu->whitelist) {
+ event_config = attr.config;
+ if (type == PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE)
+ event_config = kvm_x86_ops->pmu_ops->get_event_code(
+ attr.config);
+ event_config &= pmu->whitelist->event_mask;
+ for (i = 0; i < pmu->whitelist->num_events; i++)
+ if (event_config == pmu->whitelist->events[i])
+ break;
+ if (i == pmu->whitelist->num_events)
+ return;
+ }
+
event = perf_event_create_kernel_counter(&attr, -1, current,
intr ? kvm_perf_overflow_intr :
kvm_perf_overflow, pmc);
@@ -244,6 +260,34 @@ int kvm_pmu_is_valid_msr_idx(struct kvm_vcpu
*vcpu, unsigned idx)
return kvm_x86_ops->pmu_ops->is_valid_msr_idx(vcpu, idx);
}

+int kvm_vcpu_ioctl_set_pmu_whitelist(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+ struct kvm_pmu_whitelist __user *whtlst)
+{
+ struct kvm_pmu *pmu = vcpu_to_pmu(vcpu);
+ struct kvm_pmu_whitelist *old = pmu->whitelist;
+ struct kvm_pmu_whitelist *new = NULL;
+ struct kvm_pmu_whitelist tmp;
+ int r;
+ size_t size;
+
+ r = -EFAULT;
+ if (copy_from_user(&tmp, whtlst, sizeof(struct kvm_pmu_whitelist)))
+ goto err;
+
+ size = sizeof(tmp) + sizeof(tmp.events[0]) * tmp.num_events;
+ new = kvzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT);
+ r = -ENOMEM;
+ if (!new)
+ goto err;
+ pmu->whitelist = new;
+
+ kvfree(old);
+ return 0;
+err:
+ kvfree(new);
+ return r;
+}
+
bool is_vmware_backdoor_pmc(u32 pmc_idx)
{
switch (pmc_idx) {
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.h b/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.h
index ba8898e1a854..7d4a37fcb043 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/pmu.h
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ struct kvm_pmu_ops {
unsigned (*find_arch_event)(struct kvm_pmu *pmu, u8 event_select,
u8 unit_mask);
unsigned (*find_fixed_event)(int idx);
+ u64 (*get_event_code)(unsigned event_type);
bool (*pmc_is_enabled)(struct kvm_pmc *pmc);
struct kvm_pmc *(*pmc_idx_to_pmc)(struct kvm_pmu *pmu, int pmc_idx);
struct kvm_pmc *(*msr_idx_to_pmc)(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned idx);
@@ -108,6 +109,8 @@ void reprogram_counter(struct kvm_pmu *pmu, int pmc_idx);

void kvm_pmu_deliver_pmi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
void kvm_pmu_handle_event(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
+int kvm_vcpu_ioctl_set_pmu_whitelist(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+ struct kvm_pmu_whitelist __user *whtlst);
int kvm_pmu_rdpmc(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned pmc, u64 *data);
int kvm_pmu_is_valid_msr_idx(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned idx);
bool kvm_pmu_is_valid_msr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 msr);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/pmu_amd.c b/arch/x86/kvm/pmu_amd.c
index 1495a735b38e..1d977b20c863 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/pmu_amd.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/pmu_amd.c
@@ -145,6 +145,21 @@ static unsigned amd_find_arch_event(struct kvm_pmu *pmu,
return amd_event_mapping[i].event_type;
}

+static u64 amd_get_event_code(unsigned event_type)
+{
+ int i;
+ u64 event_code = 0;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(amd_event_mapping); i++)
+ if (amd_event_mapping[i].event_type == event_type) {
+ event_code = amd_event_mapping[i].eventsel |
+ ((u64)amd_event_mapping[i].unit_mask << 8);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return event_code;
+}
+
/* return PERF_COUNT_HW_MAX as AMD doesn't have fixed events */
static unsigned amd_find_fixed_event(int idx)
{
@@ -306,6 +321,7 @@ static void amd_pmu_reset(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
struct kvm_pmu_ops amd_pmu_ops = {
.find_arch_event = amd_find_arch_event,
.find_fixed_event = amd_find_fixed_event,
+ .get_event_code = amd_get_event_code,
.pmc_is_enabled = amd_pmc_is_enabled,
.pmc_idx_to_pmc = amd_pmc_idx_to_pmc,
.msr_idx_to_pmc = amd_msr_idx_to_pmc,
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/pmu_intel.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/pmu_intel.c
index f8502c376b37..01a5d5a3bf3d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/pmu_intel.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/pmu_intel.c
@@ -67,6 +67,21 @@ static void global_ctrl_changed(struct kvm_pmu
*pmu, u64 data)
reprogram_counter(pmu, bit);
}

+static u64 intel_get_event_code(unsigned event_type)
+{
+ int i;
+ u64 event_code = 0;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(intel_arch_events); i++)
+ if (intel_arch_events[i].event_type == event_type) {
+ event_code = intel_arch_events[i].eventsel |
+ ((u64) intel_arch_events[i].unit_mask << 8);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return event_code;
+}
+
static unsigned intel_find_arch_event(struct kvm_pmu *pmu,
u8 event_select,
u8 unit_mask)
@@ -350,6 +365,7 @@ static void intel_pmu_reset(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)

struct kvm_pmu_ops intel_pmu_ops = {
.find_arch_event = intel_find_arch_event,
+ .get_event_code = intel_get_event_code,
.find_fixed_event = intel_find_fixed_event,
.pmc_is_enabled = intel_pmc_is_enabled,
.pmc_idx_to_pmc = intel_pmc_idx_to_pmc,
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index 536b78c4af6e..089de23289f4 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -3089,6 +3089,7 @@ int kvm_vm_ioctl_check_extension(struct kvm
*kvm, long ext)
case KVM_CAP_GET_MSR_FEATURES:
case KVM_CAP_MSR_PLATFORM_INFO:
case KVM_CAP_EXCEPTION_PAYLOAD:
+ case KVM_CAP_PMU_WHITELIST:
r = 1;
break;
case KVM_CAP_SYNC_REGS:
@@ -4285,6 +4286,12 @@ long kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl(struct file *filp,
r = 0;
break;
}
+ case KVM_SET_PMU_WHITELIST: {
+ struct kvm_pmu_whitelist __user *whitelist = argp;
+
+ r = kvm_vcpu_ioctl_set_pmu_whitelist(vcpu, whitelist);
+ goto out;
+ }
default:
r = -EINVAL;
}
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h b/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
index 2fe12b40d503..140a6ac52981 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
@@ -993,6 +993,7 @@ struct kvm_ppc_resize_hpt {
#define KVM_CAP_ARM_SVE 170
#define KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS 171
#define KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_GENERIC 172
+#define KVM_CAP_PMU_WHITELIST 173

#ifdef KVM_CAP_IRQ_ROUTING

@@ -1451,6 +1452,9 @@ struct kvm_enc_region {
/* Available with KVM_CAP_ARM_SVE */
#define KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE _IOW(KVMIO, 0xc2, int)

+/* Available with KVM_CAP_PMU_WHITELIST */
+# define KVM_SET_PMU_WHITELIST _IOW(KVMIO, 0xc3, struct kvm_pmu_whitelist)
+
/* Secure Encrypted Virtualization command */
enum sev_cmd_id {
/* Guest initialization commands */

Next message: Roman Gushchin: "Re: [PATCH v5 0/7] mm: reparent slab memory on cgroup removal"
Previous message: Kees Cook: "Re: [PATCH] mtd: onenand_base: Avoid fall-through warnings"
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