[PATCH v2 05/13] vfio_pci: duplicate vfio_pci.c

[Liu Yi L]

This patch has no code change, just a file copy. In following patches,
vfio_pci_common.c will be modified to only include the common functions
and related static functions in original vfio_pci.c. Meanwhile, vfio_pci.c
will be modified to only include vfio-pci module specific codes.

Cc: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Liu Yi L <yi.l.liu@xxxxxxxxx>
---
 drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_common.c | 1688 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 1688 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_common.c

diff --git a/drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_common.c b/drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_common.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90a44a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_common.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1688 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2012 Red Hat, Inc.  All rights reserved.
+ *     Author: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ *
+ * Derived from original vfio:
+ * Copyright 2010 Cisco Systems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
+ * Author: Tom Lyon, pugs@xxxxxxxxx
+ */
+
+#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
+#define dev_fmt pr_fmt
+
+#include <linux/device.h>
+#include <linux/eventfd.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/iommu.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/notifier.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/vfio.h>
+#include <linux/vgaarb.h>
+#include <linux/nospec.h>
+
+#include "vfio_pci_private.h"
+
+#define DRIVER_VERSION  "0.2"
+#define DRIVER_AUTHOR   "Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@xxxxxxxxxx>"
+#define DRIVER_DESC     "VFIO PCI - User Level meta-driver"
+
+static char ids[1024] __initdata;
+module_param_string(ids, ids, sizeof(ids), 0);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(ids, "Initial PCI IDs to add to the vfio driver, format is \"vendor:device[:subvendor[:subdevice[:class[:class_mask]]]]\" and multiple comma separated entries can be specified");
+
+static bool nointxmask;
+module_param_named(nointxmask, nointxmask, bool, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(nointxmask,
+		  "Disable support for PCI 2.3 style INTx masking.  If this resolves problems for specific devices, report lspci -vvvxxx to linux-pci@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx so the device can be fixed automatically via the broken_intx_masking flag.");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_VFIO_PCI_VGA
+static bool disable_vga;
+module_param(disable_vga, bool, S_IRUGO);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(disable_vga, "Disable VGA resource access through vfio-pci");
+#endif
+
+static bool disable_idle_d3;
+module_param(disable_idle_d3, bool, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(disable_idle_d3,
+		 "Disable using the PCI D3 low power state for idle, unused devices");
+
+/*
+ * Our VGA arbiter participation is limited since we don't know anything
+ * about the device itself.  However, if the device is the only VGA device
+ * downstream of a bridge and VFIO VGA support is disabled, then we can
+ * safely return legacy VGA IO and memory as not decoded since the user
+ * has no way to get to it and routing can be disabled externally at the
+ * bridge.
+ */
+unsigned int vfio_pci_set_vga_decode(void *opaque, bool single_vga)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_device *vdev = opaque;
+	struct pci_dev *tmp = NULL, *pdev = vdev->pdev;
+	unsigned char max_busnr;
+	unsigned int decodes;
+
+	if (single_vga || !vfio_vga_disabled(vdev) ||
+		pci_is_root_bus(pdev->bus))
+		return VGA_RSRC_NORMAL_IO | VGA_RSRC_NORMAL_MEM |
+		       VGA_RSRC_LEGACY_IO | VGA_RSRC_LEGACY_MEM;
+
+	max_busnr = pci_bus_max_busnr(pdev->bus);
+	decodes = VGA_RSRC_NORMAL_IO | VGA_RSRC_NORMAL_MEM;
+
+	while ((tmp = pci_get_class(PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_VGA << 8, tmp)) != NULL) {
+		if (tmp == pdev ||
+		    pci_domain_nr(tmp->bus) != pci_domain_nr(pdev->bus) ||
+		    pci_is_root_bus(tmp->bus))
+			continue;
+
+		if (tmp->bus->number >= pdev->bus->number &&
+		    tmp->bus->number <= max_busnr) {
+			pci_dev_put(tmp);
+			decodes |= VGA_RSRC_LEGACY_IO | VGA_RSRC_LEGACY_MEM;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return decodes;
+}
+
+static void vfio_pci_probe_mmaps(struct vfio_pci_device *vdev)
+{
+	struct resource *res;
+	int bar;
+	struct vfio_pci_dummy_resource *dummy_res;
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vdev->dummy_resources_list);
+
+	for (bar = PCI_STD_RESOURCES; bar <= PCI_STD_RESOURCE_END; bar++) {
+		res = vdev->pdev->resource + bar;
+
+		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_VFIO_PCI_MMAP))
+			goto no_mmap;
+
+		if (!(res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM))
+			goto no_mmap;
+
+		/*
+		 * The PCI core shouldn't set up a resource with a
+		 * type but zero size. But there may be bugs that
+		 * cause us to do that.
+		 */
+		if (!resource_size(res))
+			goto no_mmap;
+
+		if (resource_size(res) >= PAGE_SIZE) {
+			vdev->bar_mmap_supported[bar] = true;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!(res->start & ~PAGE_MASK)) {
+			/*
+			 * Add a dummy resource to reserve the remainder
+			 * of the exclusive page in case that hot-add
+			 * device's bar is assigned into it.
+			 */
+			dummy_res = kzalloc(sizeof(*dummy_res), GFP_KERNEL);
+			if (dummy_res == NULL)
+				goto no_mmap;
+
+			dummy_res->resource.name = "vfio sub-page reserved";
+			dummy_res->resource.start = res->end + 1;
+			dummy_res->resource.end = res->start + PAGE_SIZE - 1;
+			dummy_res->resource.flags = res->flags;
+			if (request_resource(res->parent,
+						&dummy_res->resource)) {
+				kfree(dummy_res);
+				goto no_mmap;
+			}
+			dummy_res->index = bar;
+			list_add(&dummy_res->res_next,
+					&vdev->dummy_resources_list);
+			vdev->bar_mmap_supported[bar] = true;
+			continue;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Here we don't handle the case when the BAR is not page
+		 * aligned because we can't expect the BAR will be
+		 * assigned into the same location in a page in guest
+		 * when we passthrough the BAR. And it's hard to access
+		 * this BAR in userspace because we have no way to get
+		 * the BAR's location in a page.
+		 */
+no_mmap:
+		vdev->bar_mmap_supported[bar] = false;
+	}
+}
+
+static void vfio_pci_try_bus_reset(struct vfio_pci_device *vdev);
+
+/*
+ * INTx masking requires the ability to disable INTx signaling via PCI_COMMAND
+ * _and_ the ability detect when the device is asserting INTx via PCI_STATUS.
+ * If a device implements the former but not the latter we would typically
+ * expect broken_intx_masking be set and require an exclusive interrupt.
+ * However since we do have control of the device's ability to assert INTx,
+ * we can instead pretend that the device does not implement INTx, virtualizing
+ * the pin register to report zero and maintaining DisINTx set on the host.
+ */
+static bool vfio_pci_nointx(struct pci_dev *pdev)
+{
+	switch (pdev->vendor) {
+	case PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL:
+		switch (pdev->device) {
+		/* All i40e (XL710/X710/XXV710) 10/20/25/40GbE NICs */
+		case 0x1572:
+		case 0x1574:
+		case 0x1580 ... 0x1581:
+		case 0x1583 ... 0x158b:
+		case 0x37d0 ... 0x37d2:
+			return true;
+		default:
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+void vfio_pci_probe_power_state(struct vfio_pci_device *vdev)
+{
+	struct pci_dev *pdev = vdev->pdev;
+	u16 pmcsr;
+
+	if (!pdev->pm_cap)
+		return;
+
+	pci_read_config_word(pdev, pdev->pm_cap + PCI_PM_CTRL, &pmcsr);
+
+	vdev->needs_pm_restore = !(pmcsr & PCI_PM_CTRL_NO_SOFT_RESET);
+}
+
+/*
+ * pci_set_power_state() wrapper handling devices which perform a soft reset on
+ * D3->D0 transition.  Save state prior to D0/1/2->D3, stash it on the vdev,
+ * restore when returned to D0.  Saved separately from pci_saved_state for use
+ * by PM capability emulation and separately from pci_dev internal saved state
+ * to avoid it being overwritten and consumed around other resets.
+ */
+int vfio_pci_set_power_state(struct vfio_pci_device *vdev, pci_power_t state)
+{
+	struct pci_dev *pdev = vdev->pdev;
+	bool needs_restore = false, needs_save = false;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (vdev->needs_pm_restore) {
+		if (pdev->current_state < PCI_D3hot && state >= PCI_D3hot) {
+			pci_save_state(pdev);
+			needs_save = true;
+		}
+
+		if (pdev->current_state >= PCI_D3hot && state <= PCI_D0)
+			needs_restore = true;
+	}
+
+	ret = pci_set_power_state(pdev, state);
+
+	if (!ret) {
+		/* D3 might be unsupported via quirk, skip unless in D3 */
+		if (needs_save && pdev->current_state >= PCI_D3hot) {
+			vdev->pm_save = pci_store_saved_state(pdev);
+		} else if (needs_restore) {
+			pci_load_and_free_saved_state(pdev, &vdev->pm_save);
+			pci_restore_state(pdev);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int vfio_pci_enable(struct vfio_pci_device *vdev)
+{
+	struct pci_dev *pdev = vdev->pdev;
+	int ret;
+	u16 cmd;
+	u8 msix_pos;
+
+	vfio_pci_set_power_state(vdev, PCI_D0);
+
+	/* Don't allow our initial saved state to include busmaster */
+	pci_clear_master(pdev);
+
+	ret = pci_enable_device(pdev);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	/* If reset fails because of the device lock, fail this path entirely */
+	ret = pci_try_reset_function(pdev);
+	if (ret == -EAGAIN) {
+		pci_disable_device(pdev);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	vdev->reset_works = !ret;
+	pci_save_state(pdev);
+	vdev->pci_saved_state = pci_store_saved_state(pdev);
+	if (!vdev->pci_saved_state)
+		pci_dbg(pdev, "%s: Couldn't store saved state\n", __func__);
+
+	if (likely(!vdev->nointxmask)) {
+		if (vfio_pci_nointx(pdev)) {
+			pci_info(pdev, "Masking broken INTx support\n");
+			vdev->nointx = true;
+			pci_intx(pdev, 0);
+		} else
+			vdev->pci_2_3 = pci_intx_mask_supported(pdev);
+	}
+
+	pci_read_config_word(pdev, PCI_COMMAND, &cmd);
+	if (vdev->pci_2_3 && (cmd & PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE)) {
+		cmd &= ~PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE;
+		pci_write_config_word(pdev, PCI_COMMAND, cmd);
+	}
+
+	ret = vfio_config_init(vdev);
+	if (ret) {
+		kfree(vdev->pci_saved_state);
+		vdev->pci_saved_state = NULL;
+		pci_disable_device(pdev);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	msix_pos = pdev->msix_cap;
+	if (msix_pos) {
+		u16 flags;
+		u32 table;
+
+		pci_read_config_word(pdev, msix_pos + PCI_MSIX_FLAGS, &flags);
+		pci_read_config_dword(pdev, msix_pos + PCI_MSIX_TABLE, &table);
+
+		vdev->msix_bar = table & PCI_MSIX_TABLE_BIR;
+		vdev->msix_offset = table & PCI_MSIX_TABLE_OFFSET;
+		vdev->msix_size = ((flags & PCI_MSIX_FLAGS_QSIZE) + 1) * 16;
+	} else
+		vdev->msix_bar = 0xFF;
+
+	if (!vfio_vga_disabled(vdev) && vfio_pci_is_vga(pdev))
+		vdev->has_vga = true;
+
+
+	if (vfio_pci_is_vga(pdev) &&
+	    pdev->vendor == PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL &&
+	    IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_VFIO_PCI_IGD)) {
+		ret = vfio_pci_igd_init(vdev);
+		if (ret) {
+			pci_warn(pdev, "Failed to setup Intel IGD regions\n");
+			goto disable_exit;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (pdev->vendor == PCI_VENDOR_ID_NVIDIA &&
+	    IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_VFIO_PCI_NVLINK2)) {
+		ret = vfio_pci_nvdia_v100_nvlink2_init(vdev);
+		if (ret && ret != -ENODEV) {
+			pci_warn(pdev, "Failed to setup NVIDIA NV2 RAM region\n");
+			goto disable_exit;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (pdev->vendor == PCI_VENDOR_ID_IBM &&
+	    IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_VFIO_PCI_NVLINK2)) {
+		ret = vfio_pci_ibm_npu2_init(vdev);
+		if (ret && ret != -ENODEV) {
+			pci_warn(pdev, "Failed to setup NVIDIA NV2 ATSD region\n");
+			goto disable_exit;
+		}
+	}
+
+	vfio_pci_probe_mmaps(vdev);
+
+	return 0;
+
+disable_exit:
+	vfio_pci_disable(vdev);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void vfio_pci_disable(struct vfio_pci_device *vdev)
+{
+	struct pci_dev *pdev = vdev->pdev;
+	struct vfio_pci_dummy_resource *dummy_res, *tmp;
+	struct vfio_pci_ioeventfd *ioeventfd, *ioeventfd_tmp;
+	int i, bar;
+
+	/* Stop the device from further DMA */
+	pci_clear_master(pdev);
+
+	vfio_pci_set_irqs_ioctl(vdev, VFIO_IRQ_SET_DATA_NONE |
+				VFIO_IRQ_SET_ACTION_TRIGGER,
+				vdev->irq_type, 0, 0, NULL);
+
+	/* Device closed, don't need mutex here */
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(ioeventfd, ioeventfd_tmp,
+				 &vdev->ioeventfds_list, next) {
+		vfio_virqfd_disable(&ioeventfd->virqfd);
+		list_del(&ioeventfd->next);
+		kfree(ioeventfd);
+	}
+	vdev->ioeventfds_nr = 0;
+
+	vdev->virq_disabled = false;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < vdev->num_regions; i++)
+		vdev->region[i].ops->release(vdev, &vdev->region[i]);
+
+	vdev->num_regions = 0;
+	kfree(vdev->region);
+	vdev->region = NULL; /* don't krealloc a freed pointer */
+
+	vfio_config_free(vdev);
+
+	for (bar = PCI_STD_RESOURCES; bar <= PCI_STD_RESOURCE_END; bar++) {
+		if (!vdev->barmap[bar])
+			continue;
+		pci_iounmap(pdev, vdev->barmap[bar]);
+		pci_release_selected_regions(pdev, 1 << bar);
+		vdev->barmap[bar] = NULL;
+	}
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(dummy_res, tmp,
+				 &vdev->dummy_resources_list, res_next) {
+		list_del(&dummy_res->res_next);
+		release_resource(&dummy_res->resource);
+		kfree(dummy_res);
+	}
+
+	vdev->needs_reset = true;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have saved state, restore it.  If we can reset the device,
+	 * even better.  Resetting with current state seems better than
+	 * nothing, but saving and restoring current state without reset
+	 * is just busy work.
+	 */
+	if (pci_load_and_free_saved_state(pdev, &vdev->pci_saved_state)) {
+		pci_info(pdev, "%s: Couldn't reload saved state\n", __func__);
+
+		if (!vdev->reset_works)
+			goto out;
+
+		pci_save_state(pdev);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Disable INTx and MSI, presumably to avoid spurious interrupts
+	 * during reset.  Stolen from pci_reset_function()
+	 */
+	pci_write_config_word(pdev, PCI_COMMAND, PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE);
+
+	/*
+	 * Try to reset the device.  The success of this is dependent on
+	 * being able to lock the device, which is not always possible.
+	 */
+	if (vdev->reset_works && !pci_try_reset_function(pdev))
+		vdev->needs_reset = false;
+
+	pci_restore_state(pdev);
+out:
+	pci_disable_device(pdev);
+
+	vfio_pci_try_bus_reset(vdev);
+
+	if (!vdev->disable_idle_d3)
+		vfio_pci_set_power_state(vdev, PCI_D3hot);
+}
+
+static void vfio_pci_release(void *device_data)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_device *vdev = device_data;
+
+	mutex_lock(&vdev->reflck->lock);
+
+	if (!(--vdev->refcnt)) {
+		vfio_spapr_pci_eeh_release(vdev->pdev);
+		vfio_pci_disable(vdev);
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&vdev->reflck->lock);
+
+	module_put(THIS_MODULE);
+}
+
+static int vfio_pci_open(void *device_data)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_device *vdev = device_data;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (!try_module_get(THIS_MODULE))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	mutex_lock(&vdev->reflck->lock);
+
+	if (!vdev->refcnt) {
+		ret = vfio_pci_enable(vdev);
+		if (ret)
+			goto error;
+
+		vfio_spapr_pci_eeh_open(vdev->pdev);
+	}
+	vdev->refcnt++;
+error:
+	mutex_unlock(&vdev->reflck->lock);
+	if (ret)
+		module_put(THIS_MODULE);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int vfio_pci_get_irq_count(struct vfio_pci_device *vdev, int irq_type)
+{
+	if (irq_type == VFIO_PCI_INTX_IRQ_INDEX) {
+		u8 pin;
+
+		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_VFIO_PCI_INTX) ||
+		    vdev->nointx || vdev->pdev->is_virtfn)
+			return 0;
+
+		pci_read_config_byte(vdev->pdev, PCI_INTERRUPT_PIN, &pin);
+
+		return pin ? 1 : 0;
+	} else if (irq_type == VFIO_PCI_MSI_IRQ_INDEX) {
+		u8 pos;
+		u16 flags;
+
+		pos = vdev->pdev->msi_cap;
+		if (pos) {
+			pci_read_config_word(vdev->pdev,
+					     pos + PCI_MSI_FLAGS, &flags);
+			return 1 << ((flags & PCI_MSI_FLAGS_QMASK) >> 1);
+		}
+	} else if (irq_type == VFIO_PCI_MSIX_IRQ_INDEX) {
+		u8 pos;
+		u16 flags;
+
+		pos = vdev->pdev->msix_cap;
+		if (pos) {
+			pci_read_config_word(vdev->pdev,
+					     pos + PCI_MSIX_FLAGS, &flags);
+
+			return (flags & PCI_MSIX_FLAGS_QSIZE) + 1;
+		}
+	} else if (irq_type == VFIO_PCI_ERR_IRQ_INDEX) {
+		if (pci_is_pcie(vdev->pdev))
+			return 1;
+	} else if (irq_type == VFIO_PCI_REQ_IRQ_INDEX) {
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int vfio_pci_count_devs(struct pci_dev *pdev, void *data)
+{
+	(*(int *)data)++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct vfio_pci_fill_info {
+	int max;
+	int cur;
+	struct vfio_pci_dependent_device *devices;
+};
+
+static int vfio_pci_fill_devs(struct pci_dev *pdev, void *data)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_fill_info *fill = data;
+	struct iommu_group *iommu_group;
+
+	if (fill->cur == fill->max)
+		return -EAGAIN; /* Something changed, try again */
+
+	iommu_group = iommu_group_get(&pdev->dev);
+	if (!iommu_group)
+		return -EPERM; /* Cannot reset non-isolated devices */
+
+	fill->devices[fill->cur].group_id = iommu_group_id(iommu_group);
+	fill->devices[fill->cur].segment = pci_domain_nr(pdev->bus);
+	fill->devices[fill->cur].bus = pdev->bus->number;
+	fill->devices[fill->cur].devfn = pdev->devfn;
+	fill->cur++;
+	iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct vfio_pci_group_entry {
+	struct vfio_group *group;
+	int id;
+};
+
+struct vfio_pci_group_info {
+	int count;
+	struct vfio_pci_group_entry *groups;
+};
+
+static int vfio_pci_validate_devs(struct pci_dev *pdev, void *data)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_group_info *info = data;
+	struct iommu_group *group;
+	int id, i;
+
+	group = iommu_group_get(&pdev->dev);
+	if (!group)
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	id = iommu_group_id(group);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < info->count; i++)
+		if (info->groups[i].id == id)
+			break;
+
+	iommu_group_put(group);
+
+	return (i == info->count) ? -EINVAL : 0;
+}
+
+static bool vfio_pci_dev_below_slot(struct pci_dev *pdev, struct pci_slot *slot)
+{
+	for (; pdev; pdev = pdev->bus->self)
+		if (pdev->bus == slot->bus)
+			return (pdev->slot == slot);
+	return false;
+}
+
+struct vfio_pci_walk_info {
+	int (*fn)(struct pci_dev *, void *data);
+	void *data;
+	struct pci_dev *pdev;
+	bool slot;
+	int ret;
+};
+
+static int vfio_pci_walk_wrapper(struct pci_dev *pdev, void *data)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_walk_info *walk = data;
+
+	if (!walk->slot || vfio_pci_dev_below_slot(pdev, walk->pdev->slot))
+		walk->ret = walk->fn(pdev, walk->data);
+
+	return walk->ret;
+}
+
+static int vfio_pci_for_each_slot_or_bus(struct pci_dev *pdev,
+					 int (*fn)(struct pci_dev *,
+						   void *data), void *data,
+					 bool slot)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_walk_info walk = {
+		.fn = fn, .data = data, .pdev = pdev, .slot = slot, .ret = 0,
+	};
+
+	pci_walk_bus(pdev->bus, vfio_pci_walk_wrapper, &walk);
+
+	return walk.ret;
+}
+
+static int msix_mmappable_cap(struct vfio_pci_device *vdev,
+			      struct vfio_info_cap *caps)
+{
+	struct vfio_info_cap_header header = {
+		.id = VFIO_REGION_INFO_CAP_MSIX_MAPPABLE,
+		.version = 1
+	};
+
+	return vfio_info_add_capability(caps, &header, sizeof(header));
+}
+
+int vfio_pci_register_dev_region(struct vfio_pci_device *vdev,
+				 unsigned int type, unsigned int subtype,
+				 const struct vfio_pci_regops *ops,
+				 size_t size, u32 flags, void *data)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_region *region;
+
+	region = krealloc(vdev->region,
+			  (vdev->num_regions + 1) * sizeof(*region),
+			  GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!region)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	vdev->region = region;
+	vdev->region[vdev->num_regions].type = type;
+	vdev->region[vdev->num_regions].subtype = subtype;
+	vdev->region[vdev->num_regions].ops = ops;
+	vdev->region[vdev->num_regions].size = size;
+	vdev->region[vdev->num_regions].flags = flags;
+	vdev->region[vdev->num_regions].data = data;
+
+	vdev->num_regions++;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+long vfio_pci_ioctl(void *device_data,
+		   unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_device *vdev = device_data;
+	unsigned long minsz;
+
+	if (cmd == VFIO_DEVICE_GET_INFO) {
+		struct vfio_device_info info;
+
+		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_device_info, num_irqs);
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&info, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		if (info.argsz < minsz)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		info.flags = VFIO_DEVICE_FLAGS_PCI;
+
+		if (vdev->reset_works)
+			info.flags |= VFIO_DEVICE_FLAGS_RESET;
+
+		info.num_regions = VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS + vdev->num_regions;
+		info.num_irqs = VFIO_PCI_NUM_IRQS;
+
+		return copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &info, minsz) ?
+			-EFAULT : 0;
+
+	} else if (cmd == VFIO_DEVICE_GET_REGION_INFO) {
+		struct pci_dev *pdev = vdev->pdev;
+		struct vfio_region_info info;
+		struct vfio_info_cap caps = { .buf = NULL, .size = 0 };
+		int i, ret;
+
+		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_region_info, offset);
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&info, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		if (info.argsz < minsz)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		switch (info.index) {
+		case VFIO_PCI_CONFIG_REGION_INDEX:
+			info.offset = VFIO_PCI_INDEX_TO_OFFSET(info.index);
+			info.size = pdev->cfg_size;
+			info.flags = VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_READ |
+				     VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_WRITE;
+			break;
+		case VFIO_PCI_BAR0_REGION_INDEX ... VFIO_PCI_BAR5_REGION_INDEX:
+			info.offset = VFIO_PCI_INDEX_TO_OFFSET(info.index);
+			info.size = pci_resource_len(pdev, info.index);
+			if (!info.size) {
+				info.flags = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			info.flags = VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_READ |
+				     VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_WRITE;
+			if (vdev->bar_mmap_supported[info.index]) {
+				info.flags |= VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_MMAP;
+				if (info.index == vdev->msix_bar) {
+					ret = msix_mmappable_cap(vdev, &caps);
+					if (ret)
+						return ret;
+				}
+			}
+
+			break;
+		case VFIO_PCI_ROM_REGION_INDEX:
+		{
+			void __iomem *io;
+			size_t size;
+			u16 orig_cmd;
+
+			info.offset = VFIO_PCI_INDEX_TO_OFFSET(info.index);
+			info.flags = 0;
+
+			/* Report the BAR size, not the ROM size */
+			info.size = pci_resource_len(pdev, info.index);
+			if (!info.size) {
+				/* Shadow ROMs appear as PCI option ROMs */
+				if (pdev->resource[PCI_ROM_RESOURCE].flags &
+							IORESOURCE_ROM_SHADOW)
+					info.size = 0x20000;
+				else
+					break;
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * Is it really there?  Enable memory decode for
+			 * implicit access in pci_map_rom().
+			 */
+			pci_read_config_word(pdev, PCI_COMMAND, &orig_cmd);
+			pci_write_config_word(pdev, PCI_COMMAND,
+					      orig_cmd | PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY);
+
+			io = pci_map_rom(pdev, &size);
+			if (io) {
+				info.flags = VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_READ;
+				pci_unmap_rom(pdev, io);
+			} else {
+				info.size = 0;
+			}
+
+			pci_write_config_word(pdev, PCI_COMMAND, orig_cmd);
+			break;
+		}
+		case VFIO_PCI_VGA_REGION_INDEX:
+			if (!vdev->has_vga)
+				return -EINVAL;
+
+			info.offset = VFIO_PCI_INDEX_TO_OFFSET(info.index);
+			info.size = 0xc0000;
+			info.flags = VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_READ |
+				     VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_WRITE;
+
+			break;
+		default:
+		{
+			struct vfio_region_info_cap_type cap_type = {
+					.header.id = VFIO_REGION_INFO_CAP_TYPE,
+					.header.version = 1 };
+
+			if (info.index >=
+			    VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS + vdev->num_regions)
+				return -EINVAL;
+			info.index = array_index_nospec(info.index,
+							VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS +
+							vdev->num_regions);
+
+			i = info.index - VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS;
+
+			info.offset = VFIO_PCI_INDEX_TO_OFFSET(info.index);
+			info.size = vdev->region[i].size;
+			info.flags = vdev->region[i].flags;
+
+			cap_type.type = vdev->region[i].type;
+			cap_type.subtype = vdev->region[i].subtype;
+
+			ret = vfio_info_add_capability(&caps, &cap_type.header,
+						       sizeof(cap_type));
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+
+			if (vdev->region[i].ops->add_capability) {
+				ret = vdev->region[i].ops->add_capability(vdev,
+						&vdev->region[i], &caps);
+				if (ret)
+					return ret;
+			}
+		}
+		}
+
+		if (caps.size) {
+			info.flags |= VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_CAPS;
+			if (info.argsz < sizeof(info) + caps.size) {
+				info.argsz = sizeof(info) + caps.size;
+				info.cap_offset = 0;
+			} else {
+				vfio_info_cap_shift(&caps, sizeof(info));
+				if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg +
+						  sizeof(info), caps.buf,
+						  caps.size)) {
+					kfree(caps.buf);
+					return -EFAULT;
+				}
+				info.cap_offset = sizeof(info);
+			}
+
+			kfree(caps.buf);
+		}
+
+		return copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &info, minsz) ?
+			-EFAULT : 0;
+
+	} else if (cmd == VFIO_DEVICE_GET_IRQ_INFO) {
+		struct vfio_irq_info info;
+
+		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_irq_info, count);
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&info, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		if (info.argsz < minsz || info.index >= VFIO_PCI_NUM_IRQS)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		switch (info.index) {
+		case VFIO_PCI_INTX_IRQ_INDEX ... VFIO_PCI_MSIX_IRQ_INDEX:
+		case VFIO_PCI_REQ_IRQ_INDEX:
+			break;
+		case VFIO_PCI_ERR_IRQ_INDEX:
+			if (pci_is_pcie(vdev->pdev))
+				break;
+		/* fall through */
+		default:
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+
+		info.flags = VFIO_IRQ_INFO_EVENTFD;
+
+		info.count = vfio_pci_get_irq_count(vdev, info.index);
+
+		if (info.index == VFIO_PCI_INTX_IRQ_INDEX)
+			info.flags |= (VFIO_IRQ_INFO_MASKABLE |
+				       VFIO_IRQ_INFO_AUTOMASKED);
+		else
+			info.flags |= VFIO_IRQ_INFO_NORESIZE;
+
+		return copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &info, minsz) ?
+			-EFAULT : 0;
+
+	} else if (cmd == VFIO_DEVICE_SET_IRQS) {
+		struct vfio_irq_set hdr;
+		u8 *data = NULL;
+		int max, ret = 0;
+		size_t data_size = 0;
+
+		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_irq_set, count);
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&hdr, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		max = vfio_pci_get_irq_count(vdev, hdr.index);
+
+		ret = vfio_set_irqs_validate_and_prepare(&hdr, max,
+						 VFIO_PCI_NUM_IRQS, &data_size);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		if (data_size) {
+			data = memdup_user((void __user *)(arg + minsz),
+					    data_size);
+			if (IS_ERR(data))
+				return PTR_ERR(data);
+		}
+
+		mutex_lock(&vdev->igate);
+
+		ret = vfio_pci_set_irqs_ioctl(vdev, hdr.flags, hdr.index,
+					      hdr.start, hdr.count, data);
+
+		mutex_unlock(&vdev->igate);
+		kfree(data);
+
+		return ret;
+
+	} else if (cmd == VFIO_DEVICE_RESET) {
+		return vdev->reset_works ?
+			pci_try_reset_function(vdev->pdev) : -EINVAL;
+
+	} else if (cmd == VFIO_DEVICE_GET_PCI_HOT_RESET_INFO) {
+		struct vfio_pci_hot_reset_info hdr;
+		struct vfio_pci_fill_info fill = { 0 };
+		struct vfio_pci_dependent_device *devices = NULL;
+		bool slot = false;
+		int ret = 0;
+
+		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_pci_hot_reset_info, count);
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&hdr, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		if (hdr.argsz < minsz)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		hdr.flags = 0;
+
+		/* Can we do a slot or bus reset or neither? */
+		if (!pci_probe_reset_slot(vdev->pdev->slot))
+			slot = true;
+		else if (pci_probe_reset_bus(vdev->pdev->bus))
+			return -ENODEV;
+
+		/* How many devices are affected? */
+		ret = vfio_pci_for_each_slot_or_bus(vdev->pdev,
+						    vfio_pci_count_devs,
+						    &fill.max, slot);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		WARN_ON(!fill.max); /* Should always be at least one */
+
+		/*
+		 * If there's enough space, fill it now, otherwise return
+		 * -ENOSPC and the number of devices affected.
+		 */
+		if (hdr.argsz < sizeof(hdr) + (fill.max * sizeof(*devices))) {
+			ret = -ENOSPC;
+			hdr.count = fill.max;
+			goto reset_info_exit;
+		}
+
+		devices = kcalloc(fill.max, sizeof(*devices), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!devices)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+
+		fill.devices = devices;
+
+		ret = vfio_pci_for_each_slot_or_bus(vdev->pdev,
+						    vfio_pci_fill_devs,
+						    &fill, slot);
+
+		/*
+		 * If a device was removed between counting and filling,
+		 * we may come up short of fill.max.  If a device was
+		 * added, we'll have a return of -EAGAIN above.
+		 */
+		if (!ret)
+			hdr.count = fill.cur;
+
+reset_info_exit:
+		if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &hdr, minsz))
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+
+		if (!ret) {
+			if (copy_to_user((void __user *)(arg + minsz), devices,
+					 hdr.count * sizeof(*devices)))
+				ret = -EFAULT;
+		}
+
+		kfree(devices);
+		return ret;
+
+	} else if (cmd == VFIO_DEVICE_PCI_HOT_RESET) {
+		struct vfio_pci_hot_reset hdr;
+		int32_t *group_fds;
+		struct vfio_pci_group_entry *groups;
+		struct vfio_pci_group_info info;
+		bool slot = false;
+		int i, count = 0, ret = 0;
+
+		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_pci_hot_reset, count);
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&hdr, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		if (hdr.argsz < minsz || hdr.flags)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		/* Can we do a slot or bus reset or neither? */
+		if (!pci_probe_reset_slot(vdev->pdev->slot))
+			slot = true;
+		else if (pci_probe_reset_bus(vdev->pdev->bus))
+			return -ENODEV;
+
+		/*
+		 * We can't let userspace give us an arbitrarily large
+		 * buffer to copy, so verify how many we think there
+		 * could be.  Note groups can have multiple devices so
+		 * one group per device is the max.
+		 */
+		ret = vfio_pci_for_each_slot_or_bus(vdev->pdev,
+						    vfio_pci_count_devs,
+						    &count, slot);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		/* Somewhere between 1 and count is OK */
+		if (!hdr.count || hdr.count > count)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		group_fds = kcalloc(hdr.count, sizeof(*group_fds), GFP_KERNEL);
+		groups = kcalloc(hdr.count, sizeof(*groups), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!group_fds || !groups) {
+			kfree(group_fds);
+			kfree(groups);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+
+		if (copy_from_user(group_fds, (void __user *)(arg + minsz),
+				   hdr.count * sizeof(*group_fds))) {
+			kfree(group_fds);
+			kfree(groups);
+			return -EFAULT;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * For each group_fd, get the group through the vfio external
+		 * user interface and store the group and iommu ID.  This
+		 * ensures the group is held across the reset.
+		 */
+		for (i = 0; i < hdr.count; i++) {
+			struct vfio_group *group;
+			struct fd f = fdget(group_fds[i]);
+			if (!f.file) {
+				ret = -EBADF;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			group = vfio_group_get_external_user(f.file);
+			fdput(f);
+			if (IS_ERR(group)) {
+				ret = PTR_ERR(group);
+				break;
+			}
+
+			groups[i].group = group;
+			groups[i].id = vfio_external_user_iommu_id(group);
+		}
+
+		kfree(group_fds);
+
+		/* release reference to groups on error */
+		if (ret)
+			goto hot_reset_release;
+
+		info.count = hdr.count;
+		info.groups = groups;
+
+		/*
+		 * Test whether all the affected devices are contained
+		 * by the set of groups provided by the user.
+		 */
+		ret = vfio_pci_for_each_slot_or_bus(vdev->pdev,
+						    vfio_pci_validate_devs,
+						    &info, slot);
+		if (!ret)
+			/* User has access, do the reset */
+			ret = pci_reset_bus(vdev->pdev);
+
+hot_reset_release:
+		for (i--; i >= 0; i--)
+			vfio_group_put_external_user(groups[i].group);
+
+		kfree(groups);
+		return ret;
+	} else if (cmd == VFIO_DEVICE_IOEVENTFD) {
+		struct vfio_device_ioeventfd ioeventfd;
+		int count;
+
+		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_device_ioeventfd, fd);
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&ioeventfd, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		if (ioeventfd.argsz < minsz)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		if (ioeventfd.flags & ~VFIO_DEVICE_IOEVENTFD_SIZE_MASK)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		count = ioeventfd.flags & VFIO_DEVICE_IOEVENTFD_SIZE_MASK;
+
+		if (hweight8(count) != 1 || ioeventfd.fd < -1)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		return vfio_pci_ioeventfd(vdev, ioeventfd.offset,
+					  ioeventfd.data, count, ioeventfd.fd);
+	}
+
+	return -ENOTTY;
+}
+
+static ssize_t vfio_pci_rw(void *device_data, char __user *buf,
+			   size_t count, loff_t *ppos, bool iswrite)
+{
+	unsigned int index = VFIO_PCI_OFFSET_TO_INDEX(*ppos);
+	struct vfio_pci_device *vdev = device_data;
+
+	if (index >= VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS + vdev->num_regions)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	switch (index) {
+	case VFIO_PCI_CONFIG_REGION_INDEX:
+		return vfio_pci_config_rw(vdev, buf, count, ppos, iswrite);
+
+	case VFIO_PCI_ROM_REGION_INDEX:
+		if (iswrite)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		return vfio_pci_bar_rw(vdev, buf, count, ppos, false);
+
+	case VFIO_PCI_BAR0_REGION_INDEX ... VFIO_PCI_BAR5_REGION_INDEX:
+		return vfio_pci_bar_rw(vdev, buf, count, ppos, iswrite);
+
+	case VFIO_PCI_VGA_REGION_INDEX:
+		return vfio_pci_vga_rw(vdev, buf, count, ppos, iswrite);
+	default:
+		index -= VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS;
+		return vdev->region[index].ops->rw(vdev, buf,
+						   count, ppos, iswrite);
+	}
+
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+ssize_t vfio_pci_read(void *device_data, char __user *buf,
+			     size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+	if (!count)
+		return 0;
+
+	return vfio_pci_rw(device_data, buf, count, ppos, false);
+}
+
+ssize_t vfio_pci_write(void *device_data, const char __user *buf,
+			      size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+	if (!count)
+		return 0;
+
+	return vfio_pci_rw(device_data, (char __user *)buf, count, ppos, true);
+}
+
+int vfio_pci_mmap(void *device_data, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_device *vdev = device_data;
+	struct pci_dev *pdev = vdev->pdev;
+	unsigned int index;
+	u64 phys_len, req_len, pgoff, req_start;
+	int ret;
+
+	index = vma->vm_pgoff >> (VFIO_PCI_OFFSET_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
+
+	if (vma->vm_end < vma->vm_start)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if ((vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED) == 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (index >= VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS) {
+		int regnum = index - VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS;
+		struct vfio_pci_region *region = vdev->region + regnum;
+
+		if (region && region->ops && region->ops->mmap &&
+		    (region->flags & VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_MMAP))
+			return region->ops->mmap(vdev, region, vma);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (index >= VFIO_PCI_ROM_REGION_INDEX)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (!vdev->bar_mmap_supported[index])
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	phys_len = PAGE_ALIGN(pci_resource_len(pdev, index));
+	req_len = vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start;
+	pgoff = vma->vm_pgoff &
+		((1U << (VFIO_PCI_OFFSET_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT)) - 1);
+	req_start = pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+	if (req_start + req_len > phys_len)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Even though we don't make use of the barmap for the mmap,
+	 * we need to request the region and the barmap tracks that.
+	 */
+	if (!vdev->barmap[index]) {
+		ret = pci_request_selected_regions(pdev,
+						   1 << index, "vfio-pci");
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		vdev->barmap[index] = pci_iomap(pdev, index, 0);
+		if (!vdev->barmap[index]) {
+			pci_release_selected_regions(pdev, 1 << index);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+	}
+
+	vma->vm_private_data = vdev;
+	vma->vm_page_prot = pgprot_noncached(vma->vm_page_prot);
+	vma->vm_pgoff = (pci_resource_start(pdev, index) >> PAGE_SHIFT) + pgoff;
+
+	return remap_pfn_range(vma, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_pgoff,
+			       req_len, vma->vm_page_prot);
+}
+
+void vfio_pci_request(void *device_data, unsigned int count)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_device *vdev = device_data;
+	struct pci_dev *pdev = vdev->pdev;
+
+	mutex_lock(&vdev->igate);
+
+	if (vdev->req_trigger) {
+		if (!(count % 10))
+			pci_notice_ratelimited(pdev,
+				"Relaying device request to user (#%u)\n",
+				count);
+		eventfd_signal(vdev->req_trigger, 1);
+	} else if (count == 0) {
+		pci_warn(pdev,
+			"No device request channel registered, blocked until released by user\n");
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&vdev->igate);
+}
+
+static const struct vfio_device_ops vfio_pci_ops = {
+	.name		= "vfio-pci",
+	.open		= vfio_pci_open,
+	.release	= vfio_pci_release,
+	.ioctl		= vfio_pci_ioctl,
+	.read		= vfio_pci_read,
+	.write		= vfio_pci_write,
+	.mmap		= vfio_pci_mmap,
+	.request	= vfio_pci_request,
+};
+
+static int vfio_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_device *vdev;
+	struct iommu_group *group;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (pdev->hdr_type != PCI_HEADER_TYPE_NORMAL)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Prevent binding to PFs with VFs enabled, this too easily allows
+	 * userspace instance with VFs and PFs from the same device, which
+	 * cannot work.  Disabling SR-IOV here would initiate removing the
+	 * VFs, which would unbind the driver, which is prone to blocking
+	 * if that VF is also in use by vfio-pci.  Just reject these PFs
+	 * and let the user sort it out.
+	 */
+	if (pci_num_vf(pdev)) {
+		pci_warn(pdev, "Cannot bind to PF with SR-IOV enabled\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	group = vfio_iommu_group_get(&pdev->dev);
+	if (!group)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	vdev = kzalloc(sizeof(*vdev), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!vdev) {
+		vfio_iommu_group_put(group, &pdev->dev);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	vdev->pdev = pdev;
+	vdev->irq_type = VFIO_PCI_NUM_IRQS;
+	mutex_init(&vdev->igate);
+	spin_lock_init(&vdev->irqlock);
+	mutex_init(&vdev->ioeventfds_lock);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vdev->ioeventfds_list);
+	vdev->nointxmask = nointxmask;
+#ifdef CONFIG_VFIO_PCI_VGA
+	vdev->disable_vga = disable_vga;
+#endif
+	vdev->disable_idle_d3 = disable_idle_d3;
+
+	ret = vfio_add_group_dev(&pdev->dev, &vfio_pci_ops, vdev);
+	if (ret) {
+		vfio_iommu_group_put(group, &pdev->dev);
+		kfree(vdev);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	ret = vfio_pci_reflck_attach(vdev);
+	if (ret) {
+		vfio_del_group_dev(&pdev->dev);
+		vfio_iommu_group_put(group, &pdev->dev);
+		kfree(vdev);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	if (vfio_pci_is_vga(pdev)) {
+		vga_client_register(pdev, vdev, NULL, vfio_pci_set_vga_decode);
+		vga_set_legacy_decoding(pdev,
+					vfio_pci_set_vga_decode(vdev, false));
+	}
+
+	vfio_pci_probe_power_state(vdev);
+
+	if (!vdev->disable_idle_d3) {
+		/*
+		 * pci-core sets the device power state to an unknown value at
+		 * bootup and after being removed from a driver.  The only
+		 * transition it allows from this unknown state is to D0, which
+		 * typically happens when a driver calls pci_enable_device().
+		 * We're not ready to enable the device yet, but we do want to
+		 * be able to get to D3.  Therefore first do a D0 transition
+		 * before going to D3.
+		 */
+		vfio_pci_set_power_state(vdev, PCI_D0);
+		vfio_pci_set_power_state(vdev, PCI_D3hot);
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void vfio_pci_remove(struct pci_dev *pdev)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_device *vdev;
+
+	vdev = vfio_del_group_dev(&pdev->dev);
+	if (!vdev)
+		return;
+
+	vfio_pci_reflck_put(vdev->reflck);
+
+	vfio_iommu_group_put(pdev->dev.iommu_group, &pdev->dev);
+	kfree(vdev->region);
+	mutex_destroy(&vdev->ioeventfds_lock);
+
+	if (!vdev->disable_idle_d3)
+		vfio_pci_set_power_state(vdev, PCI_D0);
+
+	kfree(vdev->pm_save);
+	kfree(vdev);
+
+	if (vfio_pci_is_vga(pdev)) {
+		vga_client_register(pdev, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+		vga_set_legacy_decoding(pdev,
+				VGA_RSRC_NORMAL_IO | VGA_RSRC_NORMAL_MEM |
+				VGA_RSRC_LEGACY_IO | VGA_RSRC_LEGACY_MEM);
+	}
+}
+
+static pci_ers_result_t vfio_pci_aer_err_detected(struct pci_dev *pdev,
+						  pci_channel_state_t state)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_device *vdev;
+	struct vfio_device *device;
+
+	device = vfio_device_get_from_dev(&pdev->dev);
+	if (device == NULL)
+		return PCI_ERS_RESULT_DISCONNECT;
+
+	vdev = vfio_device_data(device);
+	if (vdev == NULL) {
+		vfio_device_put(device);
+		return PCI_ERS_RESULT_DISCONNECT;
+	}
+
+	mutex_lock(&vdev->igate);
+
+	if (vdev->err_trigger)
+		eventfd_signal(vdev->err_trigger, 1);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&vdev->igate);
+
+	vfio_device_put(device);
+
+	return PCI_ERS_RESULT_CAN_RECOVER;
+}
+
+static const struct pci_error_handlers vfio_err_handlers = {
+	.error_detected = vfio_pci_aer_err_detected,
+};
+
+static struct pci_driver vfio_pci_driver = {
+	.name		= "vfio-pci",
+	.id_table	= NULL, /* only dynamic ids */
+	.probe		= vfio_pci_probe,
+	.remove		= vfio_pci_remove,
+	.err_handler	= &vfio_err_handlers,
+};
+
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(reflck_lock);
+
+static struct vfio_pci_reflck *vfio_pci_reflck_alloc(void)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_reflck *reflck;
+
+	reflck = kzalloc(sizeof(*reflck), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!reflck)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	kref_init(&reflck->kref);
+	mutex_init(&reflck->lock);
+
+	return reflck;
+}
+
+static void vfio_pci_reflck_get(struct vfio_pci_reflck *reflck)
+{
+	kref_get(&reflck->kref);
+}
+
+static int vfio_pci_reflck_find(struct pci_dev *pdev, void *data)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_device *vdev = data;
+	struct vfio_pci_reflck **preflck = &vdev->reflck;
+	struct vfio_device *device;
+	struct vfio_pci_device *tmp;
+
+	device = vfio_device_get_from_dev(&pdev->dev);
+	if (!device)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (pci_dev_driver(pdev) != pci_dev_driver(vdev->pdev)) {
+		vfio_device_put(device);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	tmp = vfio_device_data(device);
+
+	if (tmp->reflck) {
+		vfio_pci_reflck_get(tmp->reflck);
+		*preflck = tmp->reflck;
+		vfio_device_put(device);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	vfio_device_put(device);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int vfio_pci_reflck_attach(struct vfio_pci_device *vdev)
+{
+	bool slot = !pci_probe_reset_slot(vdev->pdev->slot);
+
+	mutex_lock(&reflck_lock);
+
+	if (pci_is_root_bus(vdev->pdev->bus) ||
+	    vfio_pci_for_each_slot_or_bus(vdev->pdev, vfio_pci_reflck_find,
+					  vdev, slot) <= 0)
+		vdev->reflck = vfio_pci_reflck_alloc();
+
+	mutex_unlock(&reflck_lock);
+
+	return PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(vdev->reflck);
+}
+
+static void vfio_pci_reflck_release(struct kref *kref)
+{
+	struct vfio_pci_reflck *reflck = container_of(kref,
+						      struct vfio_pci_reflck,
+						      kref);
+
+	kfree(reflck);
+	mutex_unlock(&reflck_lock);
+}
+
+void vfio_pci_reflck_put(struct vfio_pci_reflck *reflck)
+{
+	kref_put_mutex(&reflck->kref, vfio_pci_reflck_release, &reflck_lock);
+}
+
+struct vfio_devices {
+	struct vfio_device **devices;
+	struct vfio_pci_device *vdev;
+	int cur_index;
+	int max_index;
+};
+
+static int vfio_pci_get_unused_devs(struct pci_dev *pdev, void *data)
+{
+	struct vfio_devices *devs = data;
+	struct vfio_device *device;
+	struct vfio_pci_device *tmp;
+
+	if (devs->cur_index == devs->max_index)
+		return -ENOSPC;
+
+	device = vfio_device_get_from_dev(&pdev->dev);
+	if (!device)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (pci_dev_driver(pdev) != pci_dev_driver(devs->vdev->pdev)) {
+		vfio_device_put(device);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	tmp = vfio_device_data(device);
+
+	/* Fault if the device is not unused */
+	if (tmp->refcnt) {
+		vfio_device_put(device);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	devs->devices[devs->cur_index++] = device;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If a bus or slot reset is available for the provided device and:
+ *  - All of the devices affected by that bus or slot reset are unused
+ *    (!refcnt)
+ *  - At least one of the affected devices is marked dirty via
+ *    needs_reset (such as by lack of FLR support)
+ * Then attempt to perform that bus or slot reset.  Callers are required
+ * to hold vdev->reflck->lock, protecting the bus/slot reset group from
+ * concurrent opens.  A vfio_device reference is acquired for each device
+ * to prevent unbinds during the reset operation.
+ *
+ * NB: vfio-core considers a group to be viable even if some devices are
+ * bound to drivers like pci-stub or pcieport.  Here we require all devices
+ * to be bound to vfio_pci since that's the only way we can be sure they
+ * stay put.
+ */
+static void vfio_pci_try_bus_reset(struct vfio_pci_device *vdev)
+{
+	struct vfio_devices devs = { .cur_index = 0 };
+	int i = 0, ret = -EINVAL;
+	bool slot = false;
+	struct vfio_pci_device *tmp;
+
+	if (!pci_probe_reset_slot(vdev->pdev->slot))
+		slot = true;
+	else if (pci_probe_reset_bus(vdev->pdev->bus))
+		return;
+
+	if (vfio_pci_for_each_slot_or_bus(vdev->pdev, vfio_pci_count_devs,
+					  &i, slot) || !i)
+		return;
+
+	devs.max_index = i;
+	devs.devices = kcalloc(i, sizeof(struct vfio_device *), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!devs.devices)
+		return;
+
+	devs.vdev = vdev;
+	if (vfio_pci_for_each_slot_or_bus(vdev->pdev,
+					  vfio_pci_get_unused_devs,
+					  &devs, slot))
+		goto put_devs;
+
+	/* Does at least one need a reset? */
+	for (i = 0; i < devs.cur_index; i++) {
+		tmp = vfio_device_data(devs.devices[i]);
+		if (tmp->needs_reset) {
+			ret = pci_reset_bus(vdev->pdev);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+put_devs:
+	for (i = 0; i < devs.cur_index; i++) {
+		tmp = vfio_device_data(devs.devices[i]);
+
+		/*
+		 * If reset was successful, affected devices no longer need
+		 * a reset and we should return all the collateral devices
+		 * to low power.  If not successful, we either didn't reset
+		 * the bus or timed out waiting for it, so let's not touch
+		 * the power state.
+		 */
+		if (!ret) {
+			tmp->needs_reset = false;
+
+			if (tmp != vdev && !tmp->disable_idle_d3)
+				vfio_pci_set_power_state(tmp, PCI_D3hot);
+		}
+
+		vfio_device_put(devs.devices[i]);
+	}
+
+	kfree(devs.devices);
+}
+
+static void __exit vfio_pci_cleanup(void)
+{
+	pci_unregister_driver(&vfio_pci_driver);
+	vfio_pci_uninit_perm_bits();
+}
+
+void __init vfio_pci_fill_ids(char *ids, struct pci_driver *driver)
+{
+	char *p, *id;
+	int rc;
+
+	/* no ids passed actually */
+	if (ids[0] == '\0')
+		return;
+
+	/* add ids specified in the module parameter */
+	p = ids;
+	while ((id = strsep(&p, ","))) {
+		unsigned int vendor, device, subvendor = PCI_ANY_ID,
+			subdevice = PCI_ANY_ID, class = 0, class_mask = 0;
+		int fields;
+
+		if (!strlen(id))
+			continue;
+
+		fields = sscanf(id, "%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x",
+				&vendor, &device, &subvendor, &subdevice,
+				&class, &class_mask);
+
+		if (fields < 2) {
+			pr_warn("invalid id string \"%s\"\n", id);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		rc = pci_add_dynid(driver, vendor, device,
+				   subvendor, subdevice, class, class_mask, 0);
+		if (rc)
+			pr_warn("failed to add dynamic id [%04x:%04x[%04x:%04x]] class %#08x/%08x (%d)\n",
+				vendor, device, subvendor, subdevice,
+				class, class_mask, rc);
+		else
+			pr_info("add [%04x:%04x[%04x:%04x]] class %#08x/%08x\n",
+				vendor, device, subvendor, subdevice,
+				class, class_mask);
+	}
+}
+
+static int __init vfio_pci_init(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	/* Allocate shared config space permision data used by all devices */
+	ret = vfio_pci_init_perm_bits();
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	/* Register and scan for devices */
+	ret = pci_register_driver(&vfio_pci_driver);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out_driver;
+
+	vfio_pci_fill_ids(&ids[0], &vfio_pci_driver);
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_driver:
+	vfio_pci_uninit_perm_bits();
+	return ret;
+}
+
+module_init(vfio_pci_init);
+module_exit(vfio_pci_cleanup);
+
+MODULE_VERSION(DRIVER_VERSION);
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
+MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
-- 
2.7.4