Re: [PATCH RFC v2 00/18] Add VFIO mediated device support and DEV-MSI support for the idxd driver

[Jason Wang]

On 2020/8/10 下午3:32, Tian, Kevin wrote:
> > From: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@xxxxxxxxxx>
> > Sent: Friday, August 7, 2020 8:20 PM
> >
> > On Wed, Aug 05, 2020 at 07:22:58PM -0600, Alex Williamson wrote:
> >
> > > If you see this as an abuse of the framework, then let's identify those
> > > specific issues and come up with a better approach.  As we've discussed
> > > before, things like basic PCI config space emulation are acceptable
> > > overhead and low risk (imo) and some degree of register emulation is
> > > well within the territory of an mdev driver.
> > What troubles me is that idxd already has a direct userspace interface
> > to its HW, and does userspace DMA. The purpose of this mdev is to
> > provide a second direct userspace interface that is a little different
> > and trivially plugs into the virtualization stack.
> No. Userspace DMA and subdevice passthrough (what mdev provides)
> are two distinct usages IMO (at least in idxd context). and this might
> be the main divergence between us, thus let me put more words here.
> If we could reach consensus in this matter, which direction to go
> would be clearer.
>
> First, a passthrough interface requires some unique requirements
> which are not commonly observed in an userspace DMA interface, e.g.:
>
> - Tracking DMA dirty pages for live migration;
> - A set of interfaces for using SVA inside guest;
> 	* PASID allocation/free (on some platforms);
> 	* bind/unbind guest mm/page table (nested translation);
> 	* invalidate IOMMU cache/iotlb for guest page table changes;
> 	* report page request from device to guest;
> 	* forward page response from guest to device;
> - Configuring irqbypass for posted interrupt;
> - ...
>
> Second, a passthrough interface requires delegating raw controllability
> of subdevice to guest driver, while the same delegation might not be
> required for implementing an userspace DMA interface (especially for
> modern devices which support SVA). For example, idxd allows following
> setting per wq (guest driver may configure them in any combination):
> 	- put in dedicated or shared mode;
> 	- enable/disable SVA;
> 	- Associate guest-provided PASID to MSI/IMS entry;
> 	- set threshold;
> 	- allow/deny privileged access;
> 	- allocate/free interrupt handle (enlightened for guest);
> 	- collect error status;
> 	- ...
>
> We plan to support idxd userspace DMA with SVA. The driver just needs
> to prepare a wq with a predefined configuration (e.g. shared, SVA,
> etc.), bind the process mm to IOMMU (non-nested) and then map
> the portal to userspace. The goal that userspace can do DMA to
> associated wq doesn't change the fact that the wq is still *owned*
> and *controlled* by kernel driver. However as far as passthrough
> is concerned, the wq is considered 'owned' by the guest driver thus
> we need an interface which can support low-level *controllability*
> from guest driver. It is sort of a mess in uAPI when mixing the
> two together.


So for userspace drivers like DPDK, it can use both of the two uAPIs?


> Based on above two reasons, we see distinct requirements between
> userspace DMA and passthrough interfaces, at least in idxd context
> (though other devices may have less distinction in-between). Therefore,
> we didn't see the value/necessity of reinventing the wheel that mdev
> already handles well to evolve an simple application-oriented usespace
> DMA interface to a complex guest-driver-oriented passthrough interface.
> The complexity of doing so would incur far more kernel-side changes
> than the portion of emulation code that you've been concerned about...
>   
> > I don't think VFIO should be the only entry point to
> > virtualization. If we say the universe of devices doing user space DMA
> > must also implement a VFIO mdev to plug into virtualization then it
> > will be alot of mdevs.
> Certainly VFIO will not be the only entry point. and This has to be a
> case-by-case decision.


The problem is that if we tie all controls via VFIO uAPI, the other 
subsystem like vDPA is likely to duplicate them. I wonder if there is a 
way to decouple the vSVA out of VFIO uAPI?


>   If an userspace DMA interface can be easily
> adapted to be a passthrough one, it might be the choice.


It's not that easy even for VFIO which requires a lot of new uAPIs and 
infrastructures(e.g mdev) to be invented.


> But for idxd,
> we see mdev a much better fit here, given the big difference between
> what userspace DMA requires and what guest driver requires in this hw.


A weak point for mdev is that it can't serve kernel subsystem other than 
VFIO. In this case, you need some other infrastructures (like [1]) to do 
this.

(For idxd, you probably don't need this, but it's pretty common in the 
case of networking or storage device.)

Thanks

[1] https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/11280547/


> > I would prefer to see that the existing userspace interface have the
> > extra needed bits for virtualization (eg by having appropriate
> > internal kernel APIs to make this easy) and all the emulation to build
> > the synthetic PCI device be done in userspace.
> In the end what decides the direction is the amount of changes that
> we have to put in kernel, not whether we call it 'emulation'. For idxd,
> adding special passthrough requirements (guest SVA, dirty tracking,
> etc.) and raw controllability to the simple userspace DMA interface
> is for sure making kernel more complex than reusing the mdev
> framework (plus some degree of emulation mockup behind). Not to
> mention the merit of uAPI compatibility with mdev...
>
> Thanks
> Kevin