[PATCH RFC] mm: memcontrol: do not treat the root memory cgroup specially

From: Roman Gushchin
Date: Tue Oct 20 2020 - 21:05:43 EST

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Currently the root memory cgroup is treated in a special way:
it's not charged and uncharged directly (only indirectly with their
descendants), processes belonging to the root memory cgroup are exempt
from the kernel- and the socket memory accounting.

At the same time some of root level statistics and data are available
to a user:
- cgroup v2: memory.stat
- cgroup v1: memory.stat, memory.usage_in_bytes, memory.memsw.usage_in_bytes,
memory.kmem.usage_in_bytes and memory.kmem.tcp.usage_in_bytes

Historically the reason for a special treatment was an avoidance
of extra performance cost, however now it's unlikely a good reason:
over years there was a significant improvement in the performance
of the memory cgroup code. Also on a modern system actively using
cgroups (e.g. managed by systemd) there are usually no (significant)
processes in the root memory cgroup.

The special treatment of the root memory cgroups creates a number of
issues visible to a user:
1) slab stats on the root level do not include the slab memory
consumed by processes in the root memory cgroup
2) non-slab kernel memory consumed by processes in the root memory cgroup
is not included into memory.kmem.usage_in_bytes
3) socket memory consumed by processes in the root memory cgroup
is not included into memory.kmem.tcp.usage_in_bytes

It complicates the code and increases a risk of new bugs.

This patch removes a number of exceptions related to the handling of
the root memory cgroup. With this patch applied the root memory cgroup
is treated uniformly to other cgroups in the following cases:
1) root memory cgroup is charged and uncharged directly, try_charge()
and cancel_charge() do not return immediately if the root memory
cgroups is passed. uncharge_batch() and __mem_cgroup_clear_mc()
do not handle the root memory cgroup specially.
2) per-memcg slab statistics is gathered for the root memory cgroup
3) shrinkers infra treats the root memory cgroup as any other memory
cgroup
4) non-slab kernel memory accounting doesn't exclude pages allocated
by processes belonging to the root memory cgroup
5) if a socket is opened by a process in the root memory cgroup,
the socket memory is accounted
6) root cgroup is charged for the used swap memory.

Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@xxxxxx>
Suggested-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@xxxxxxxxxxx>
---
include/linux/memcontrol.h | 3 +-
mm/memcontrol.c | 82 ++++++++++++++------------------------
mm/vmscan.c | 9 +----
3 files changed, 31 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
index e391e3c56de5..d3653eb5d1b2 100644
--- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
+++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
@@ -416,8 +416,7 @@ void mem_cgroup_calculate_protection(struct mem_cgroup *root,
static inline bool mem_cgroup_supports_protection(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
{
/*
- * The root memcg doesn't account charges, and doesn't support
- * protection.
+ * The root memcg doesn't support memory protection.
*/
return !mem_cgroup_disabled() && !mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg);

diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
index 2636f8bad908..a8bdca0f58f4 100644
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -438,9 +438,6 @@ static void memcg_free_shrinker_maps(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
struct memcg_shrinker_map *map;
int nid;

- if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
- return;
-
for_each_node(nid) {
pn = mem_cgroup_nodeinfo(memcg, nid);
map = rcu_dereference_protected(pn->shrinker_map, true);
@@ -455,9 +452,6 @@ static int memcg_alloc_shrinker_maps(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
struct memcg_shrinker_map *map;
int nid, size, ret = 0;

- if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
- return 0;
-
mutex_lock(&memcg_shrinker_map_mutex);
size = memcg_shrinker_map_size;
for_each_node(nid) {
@@ -489,8 +483,6 @@ int memcg_expand_shrinker_maps(int new_id)
goto unlock;

for_each_mem_cgroup(memcg) {
- if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
- continue;
ret = memcg_expand_one_shrinker_map(memcg, size, old_size);
if (ret) {
mem_cgroup_iter_break(NULL, memcg);
@@ -506,7 +498,7 @@ int memcg_expand_shrinker_maps(int new_id)

void memcg_set_shrinker_bit(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, int nid, int shrinker_id)
{
- if (shrinker_id >= 0 && memcg && !mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg)) {
+ if (shrinker_id >= 0 && memcg) {
struct memcg_shrinker_map *map;

rcu_read_lock();
@@ -868,7 +860,7 @@ void __mod_lruvec_slab_state(void *p, enum node_stat_item idx, int val)
memcg = mem_cgroup_from_obj(p);

/* Untracked pages have no memcg, no lruvec. Update only the node */
- if (!memcg || memcg == root_mem_cgroup) {
+ if (!memcg) {
__mod_node_page_state(pgdat, idx, val);
} else {
lruvec = mem_cgroup_lruvec(memcg, pgdat);
@@ -2439,8 +2431,7 @@ static unsigned long reclaim_high(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
nr_reclaimed += try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages(memcg, nr_pages,
gfp_mask, true);
psi_memstall_leave(&pflags);
- } while ((memcg = parent_mem_cgroup(memcg)) &&
- !mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg));
+ } while ((memcg = parent_mem_cgroup(memcg)));

return nr_reclaimed;
}
@@ -2532,8 +2523,7 @@ static u64 mem_find_max_overage(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
overage = calculate_overage(page_counter_read(&memcg->memory),
READ_ONCE(memcg->memory.high));
max_overage = max(overage, max_overage);
- } while ((memcg = parent_mem_cgroup(memcg)) &&
- !mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg));
+ } while ((memcg = parent_mem_cgroup(memcg)));

return max_overage;
}
@@ -2548,8 +2538,7 @@ static u64 swap_find_max_overage(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
if (overage)
memcg_memory_event(memcg, MEMCG_SWAP_HIGH);
max_overage = max(overage, max_overage);
- } while ((memcg = parent_mem_cgroup(memcg)) &&
- !mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg));
+ } while ((memcg = parent_mem_cgroup(memcg)));

return max_overage;
}
@@ -2686,8 +2675,6 @@ static int try_charge(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, gfp_t gfp_mask,
bool drained = false;
unsigned long pflags;

- if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
- return 0;
retry:
if (consume_stock(memcg, nr_pages))
return 0;
@@ -2873,9 +2860,6 @@ static int try_charge(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, gfp_t gfp_mask,
#if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM) || defined(CONFIG_MMU)
static void cancel_charge(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, unsigned int nr_pages)
{
- if (mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
- return;
-
page_counter_uncharge(&memcg->memory, nr_pages);
if (do_memsw_account())
page_counter_uncharge(&memcg->memsw, nr_pages);
@@ -2978,7 +2962,7 @@ __always_inline struct obj_cgroup *get_obj_cgroup_from_current(void)
else
memcg = mem_cgroup_from_task(current);

- for (; memcg != root_mem_cgroup; memcg = parent_mem_cgroup(memcg)) {
+ for (; memcg; memcg = parent_mem_cgroup(memcg)) {
objcg = rcu_dereference(memcg->objcg);
if (objcg && obj_cgroup_tryget(objcg))
break;
@@ -3096,15 +3080,16 @@ int __memcg_kmem_charge_page(struct page *page, gfp_t gfp, int order)
int ret = 0;

memcg = get_mem_cgroup_from_current();
- if (memcg && !mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg)) {
- ret = __memcg_kmem_charge(memcg, gfp, 1 << order);
- if (!ret) {
- page->mem_cgroup = memcg;
- __SetPageKmemcg(page);
- return 0;
- }
- css_put(&memcg->css);
+ if (!memcg)
+ return 0;
+
+ ret = __memcg_kmem_charge(memcg, gfp, 1 << order);
+ if (!ret) {
+ page->mem_cgroup = memcg;
+ __SetPageKmemcg(page);
+ return 0;
}
+ css_put(&memcg->css);
return ret;
}

@@ -3121,7 +3106,6 @@ void __memcg_kmem_uncharge_page(struct page *page, int order)
if (!memcg)
return;

- VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg), page);
__memcg_kmem_uncharge(memcg, nr_pages);
page->mem_cgroup = NULL;
css_put(&memcg->css);
@@ -5913,8 +5897,7 @@ static void __mem_cgroup_clear_mc(void)
/* we must fixup refcnts and charges */
if (mc.moved_swap) {
/* uncharge swap account from the old cgroup */
- if (!mem_cgroup_is_root(mc.from))
- page_counter_uncharge(&mc.from->memsw, mc.moved_swap);
+ page_counter_uncharge(&mc.from->memsw, mc.moved_swap);

mem_cgroup_id_put_many(mc.from, mc.moved_swap);

@@ -5922,8 +5905,7 @@ static void __mem_cgroup_clear_mc(void)
* we charged both to->memory and to->memsw, so we
* should uncharge to->memory.
*/
- if (!mem_cgroup_is_root(mc.to))
- page_counter_uncharge(&mc.to->memory, mc.moved_swap);
+ page_counter_uncharge(&mc.to->memory, mc.moved_swap);

mc.moved_swap = 0;
}
@@ -6824,14 +6806,12 @@ static void uncharge_batch(const struct uncharge_gather *ug)
{
unsigned long flags;

- if (!mem_cgroup_is_root(ug->memcg)) {
- page_counter_uncharge(&ug->memcg->memory, ug->nr_pages);
- if (do_memsw_account())
- page_counter_uncharge(&ug->memcg->memsw, ug->nr_pages);
- if (!cgroup_subsys_on_dfl(memory_cgrp_subsys) && ug->nr_kmem)
- page_counter_uncharge(&ug->memcg->kmem, ug->nr_kmem);
- memcg_oom_recover(ug->memcg);
- }
+ page_counter_uncharge(&ug->memcg->memory, ug->nr_pages);
+ if (do_memsw_account())
+ page_counter_uncharge(&ug->memcg->memsw, ug->nr_pages);
+ if (!cgroup_subsys_on_dfl(memory_cgrp_subsys) && ug->nr_kmem)
+ page_counter_uncharge(&ug->memcg->kmem, ug->nr_kmem);
+ memcg_oom_recover(ug->memcg);

local_irq_save(flags);
__count_memcg_events(ug->memcg, PGPGOUT, ug->pgpgout);
@@ -7013,8 +6993,6 @@ void mem_cgroup_sk_alloc(struct sock *sk)

rcu_read_lock();
memcg = mem_cgroup_from_task(current);
- if (memcg == root_mem_cgroup)
- goto out;
if (!cgroup_subsys_on_dfl(memory_cgrp_subsys) && !memcg->tcpmem_active)
goto out;
if (css_tryget(&memcg->css))
@@ -7195,12 +7173,10 @@ void mem_cgroup_swapout(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry)

page->mem_cgroup = NULL;

- if (!mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
- page_counter_uncharge(&memcg->memory, nr_entries);
+ page_counter_uncharge(&memcg->memory, nr_entries);

if (!cgroup_memory_noswap && memcg != swap_memcg) {
- if (!mem_cgroup_is_root(swap_memcg))
- page_counter_charge(&swap_memcg->memsw, nr_entries);
+ page_counter_charge(&swap_memcg->memsw, nr_entries);
page_counter_uncharge(&memcg->memsw, nr_entries);
}

@@ -7249,7 +7225,7 @@ int mem_cgroup_try_charge_swap(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry)

memcg = mem_cgroup_id_get_online(memcg);

- if (!cgroup_memory_noswap && !mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg) &&
+ if (!cgroup_memory_noswap &&
!page_counter_try_charge(&memcg->swap, nr_pages, &counter)) {
memcg_memory_event(memcg, MEMCG_SWAP_MAX);
memcg_memory_event(memcg, MEMCG_SWAP_FAIL);
@@ -7281,7 +7257,7 @@ void mem_cgroup_uncharge_swap(swp_entry_t entry, unsigned int nr_pages)
rcu_read_lock();
memcg = mem_cgroup_from_id(id);
if (memcg) {
- if (!cgroup_memory_noswap && !mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg)) {
+ if (!cgroup_memory_noswap) {
if (cgroup_subsys_on_dfl(memory_cgrp_subsys))
page_counter_uncharge(&memcg->swap, nr_pages);
else
@@ -7299,7 +7275,7 @@ long mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)

if (cgroup_memory_noswap || !cgroup_subsys_on_dfl(memory_cgrp_subsys))
return nr_swap_pages;
- for (; memcg != root_mem_cgroup; memcg = parent_mem_cgroup(memcg))
+ for (; memcg; memcg = parent_mem_cgroup(memcg))
nr_swap_pages = min_t(long, nr_swap_pages,
READ_ONCE(memcg->swap.max) -
page_counter_read(&memcg->swap));
@@ -7321,7 +7297,7 @@ bool mem_cgroup_swap_full(struct page *page)
if (!memcg)
return false;

- for (; memcg != root_mem_cgroup; memcg = parent_mem_cgroup(memcg)) {
+ for (; memcg; memcg = parent_mem_cgroup(memcg)) {
unsigned long usage = page_counter_read(&memcg->swap);

if (usage * 2 >= READ_ONCE(memcg->swap.high) ||
diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
index d848c76e035a..fb6b3cbe0764 100644
--- a/mm/vmscan.c
+++ b/mm/vmscan.c
@@ -651,14 +651,7 @@ static unsigned long shrink_slab(gfp_t gfp_mask, int nid,
unsigned long ret, freed = 0;
struct shrinker *shrinker;

- /*
- * The root memcg might be allocated even though memcg is disabled
- * via "cgroup_disable=memory" boot parameter. This could make
- * mem_cgroup_is_root() return false, then just run memcg slab
- * shrink, but skip global shrink. This may result in premature
- * oom.
- */
- if (!mem_cgroup_disabled() && !mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg))
+ if (!mem_cgroup_disabled())
return shrink_slab_memcg(gfp_mask, nid, memcg, priority);

if (!down_read_trylock(&shrinker_rwsem))
--
2.26.2

Next message: Jakub Kicinski: "Re: [PATCH net] net: Have netpoll bring-up DSA management interface"
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