[PATCH] Kbuild: implement support for DWARF5

[Nick Desaulniers]

DWARF5 is the latest standard of the DWARF debug info format.

Feature detection of DWARF5 is onerous, especially given that we've
removed $(AS), so we must query $(CC) for DWARF5 assembler directive
support. Further -gdwarf-X where X is an unsupported value doesn't
produce an error in $(CC). GNU `as` only recently gained support for
specifying -gdwarf-5.

The DWARF version of a binary can be validated with:
$ llvm-dwarfdump vmlinux | head -n 5 | grep version
or
$ readelf --debug-dump=info vmlinux 2>/dev/null | grep Version

DWARF5 wins significantly in terms of size when mixed with compression
(CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_COMPRESSED).

363M    vmlinux.clang12.dwarf5.compressed
434M    vmlinux.clang12.dwarf4.compressed
439M    vmlinux.clang12.dwarf2.compressed
457M    vmlinux.clang12.dwarf5
536M    vmlinux.clang12.dwarf4
548M    vmlinux.clang12.dwarf2

Make CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_DWARF4 part of a Kconfig choice to preserve
forward compatibility.

Link: http://www.dwarfstd.org/doc/DWARF5.pdf
Signed-off-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
RFC because this patch is super half baked, but I'm looking for
feedback.

I would logically split this into a series of patches;
1. disable -Wa,gdwarf-2 for LLVM_IAS=1, see also
  https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/716
  https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/continuous-integration/blob/master/patches/llvm-all/linux-next/arm64/silence-dwarf2-warnings.patch
  that way we can backport for improved LLVM_IAS support.
2. move CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_DWARF4 to choice.
3. implement the rest on top.

I'm pretty sure GNU `as` only recently gained the ability to specify
-gdwarf-4 without erroring in binutils 2.35, so that part likely needs
to be fixed.

 Makefile                          | 19 ++++++++++++++++---
 include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h |  6 +++++-
 lib/Kconfig.debug                 | 29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 scripts/test_dwarf5_support.sh    |  4 ++++
 4 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
 create mode 100755 scripts/test_dwarf5_support.sh

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index e71979882e4f..0862df5b1a24 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -828,10 +828,23 @@ else
 DEBUG_CFLAGS	+= -g
 endif
 
-KBUILD_AFLAGS	+= -Wa,-gdwarf-2
-
+DWARF_VERSION=2
 ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_DWARF4
-DEBUG_CFLAGS	+= -gdwarf-4
+DWARF_VERSION=4
+endif
+ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_DWARF5
+DWARF_VERSION=5
+endif
+DEBUG_CFLAGS	+= -gdwarf-$(DWARF_VERSION)
+
+ifneq ($(DWARF_VERSION)$(LLVM_IAS),21)
+KBUILD_AFLAGS	+= -Wa,-gdwarf-$(DWARF_VERSION)
+endif
+
+ifdef CONFIG_CC_IS_CLANG
+ifneq ($(LLVM_IAS),1)
+KBUILD_CFLAGS	+= -Wa,-gdwarf-$(DWARF_VERSION)
+endif
 endif
 
 ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_REDUCED
diff --git a/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h b/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h
index cd14444bf600..0382808ef9fe 100644
--- a/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h
+++ b/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h
@@ -828,7 +828,11 @@
 		.debug_types	0 : { *(.debug_types) }			\
 		/* DWARF 5 */						\
 		.debug_macro	0 : { *(.debug_macro) }			\
-		.debug_addr	0 : { *(.debug_addr) }
+		.debug_addr	0 : { *(.debug_addr) }			\
+		.debug_line_str	0 : { *(.debug_line_str) }		\
+		.debug_loclists	0 : { *(.debug_loclists) }		\
+		.debug_rnglists	0 : { *(.debug_rnglists) }		\
+		.debug_str_offsets 0 : { *(.debug_str_offsets) }
 
 /* Stabs debugging sections. */
 #define STABS_DEBUG							\
diff --git a/lib/Kconfig.debug b/lib/Kconfig.debug
index 537cf3c2937d..6b01f0e2dad8 100644
--- a/lib/Kconfig.debug
+++ b/lib/Kconfig.debug
@@ -256,14 +256,35 @@ config DEBUG_INFO_SPLIT
 	  to know about the .dwo files and include them.
 	  Incompatible with older versions of ccache.
 
+choice
+prompt "DWARF version"
+	depends on DEBUG_INFO
+	default DEBUG_INFO_DWARF2
+	help
+	  Which version of DWARF debug info to emit.
+
+config DEBUG_INFO_DWARF2
+	bool "Generate dwarf2 debuginfo"
+	help
+	  Generate dwarf2 debug info.
+
 config DEBUG_INFO_DWARF4
 	bool "Generate dwarf4 debuginfo"
 	depends on $(cc-option,-gdwarf-4)
 	help
-	  Generate dwarf4 debug info. This requires recent versions
-	  of gcc and gdb. It makes the debug information larger.
-	  But it significantly improves the success of resolving
-	  variables in gdb on optimized code.
+	  Generate dwarf4 debug info. This requires gcc 4.5+ and gdb 7.0+.
+	  It makes the debug information larger, but it significantly
+	  improves the success of resolving variables in gdb on optimized code.
+
+config DEBUG_INFO_DWARF5
+	bool "Generate dwarf5 debuginfo"
+	depends on DEBUG_INFO
+	depends on $(success,$(srctree)/scripts/test_dwarf5_support.sh $(CC) $(CLANG_FLAGS))
+	help
+	  Genereate dwarf5 debug info. Requires binutils 2.35+, gcc 5.1+, and
+	  gdb 8.0+.
+
+endchoice # "DWARF version"
 
 config DEBUG_INFO_BTF
 	bool "Generate BTF typeinfo"
diff --git a/scripts/test_dwarf5_support.sh b/scripts/test_dwarf5_support.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000000..82c0eea45845
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/test_dwarf5_support.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+set -eu
+echo ".file 0 \"asdf\"" | $* -Wa,-gdwarf-5 -c -x assembler -o /dev/null -
-- 
2.29.0.rc1.297.gfa9743e501-goog