[PATCH 1/2] clocksource/drivers/sh_cmt: Fix potential deadlock when calling runtime PM

From: Niklas Söderlund
Date: Fri Dec 04 2020 - 21:28:23 EST

The ch->lock is used to protect the whole enable() and read() of
sh_cmt's implementation of struct clocksource. The enable()
implementation calls pm_runtime_get_sync() which may result in the clock
source to be read() triggering a cyclic lockdep warning for the
ch->lock.

The sh_cmt driver implement its own balancing of calls to
sh_cmt_{enable,disable}() with flags in sh_cmt_{start,stop}(). It does
this to deal with that start and stop are shared between the clock
source and clock event providers. While this could be improved on
verifying corner cases based on any substantial rework on all devices
this driver supports might prove hard.

As a first step separate the PM handling for clock event and clock
source. Always put/get the device when enabling/disabling the clock
source but keep the clock event logic unchanged. This allows the sh_cmt
implementation of struct clocksource to call PM without holding the
ch->lock and avoiding the deadlock.

Triggering and log of the deadlock warning,

# echo e60f0000.timer > /sys/devices/system/clocksource/clocksource0/current_clocksource
[ 46.948370] ======================================================
[ 46.954730] WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
[ 46.961094] 5.10.0-rc6-arm64-renesas-00001-g0e5fd7414e8b #36 Not tainted
[ 46.967985] ------------------------------------------------------
[ 46.974342] migration/0/11 is trying to acquire lock:
[ 46.979543] ffff0000403ed220 (&dev->power.lock){-...}-{2:2}, at: __pm_runtime_resume+0x40/0x74
[ 46.988445]
[ 46.988445] but task is already holding lock:
[ 46.994441] ffff000040ad0298 (&ch->lock){....}-{2:2}, at: sh_cmt_start+0x28/0x210
[ 47.002173]
[ 47.002173] which lock already depends on the new lock.
[ 47.002173]
[ 47.010573]
[ 47.010573] the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:
[ 47.018262]
[ 47.018262] -> #3 (&ch->lock){....}-{2:2}:
[ 47.024033] lock_acquire.part.0+0x120/0x330
[ 47.028970] lock_acquire+0x64/0x80
[ 47.033105] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x7c/0xc4
[ 47.038130] sh_cmt_start+0x28/0x210
[ 47.042352] sh_cmt_clocksource_enable+0x28/0x50
[ 47.047644] change_clocksource+0x9c/0x160
[ 47.052402] multi_cpu_stop+0xa4/0x190
[ 47.056799] cpu_stopper_thread+0x90/0x154
[ 47.061557] smpboot_thread_fn+0x244/0x270
[ 47.066310] kthread+0x154/0x160
[ 47.070175] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
[ 47.074390]
[ 47.074390] -> #2 (tk_core.seq.seqcount){----}-{0:0}:
[ 47.081136] lock_acquire.part.0+0x120/0x330
[ 47.086070] lock_acquire+0x64/0x80
[ 47.090203] seqcount_lockdep_reader_access.constprop.0+0x74/0x100
[ 47.097096] ktime_get+0x28/0xa0
[ 47.100960] hrtimer_start_range_ns+0x210/0x2dc
[ 47.106164] generic_sched_clock_init+0x70/0x88
[ 47.111364] sched_clock_init+0x40/0x64
[ 47.115853] start_kernel+0x494/0x524
[ 47.120156]
[ 47.120156] -> #1 (hrtimer_bases.lock){-.-.}-{2:2}:
[ 47.126721] lock_acquire.part.0+0x120/0x330
[ 47.136042] lock_acquire+0x64/0x80
[ 47.144461] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x7c/0xc4
[ 47.153721] hrtimer_start_range_ns+0x68/0x2dc
[ 47.163054] rpm_suspend+0x308/0x5dc
[ 47.171473] rpm_idle+0xc4/0x2a4
[ 47.179550] pm_runtime_work+0x98/0xc0
[ 47.188209] process_one_work+0x294/0x6f0
[ 47.197142] worker_thread+0x70/0x45c
[ 47.205661] kthread+0x154/0x160
[ 47.213673] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
[ 47.221957]
[ 47.221957] -> #0 (&dev->power.lock){-...}-{2:2}:
[ 47.236292] check_noncircular+0x128/0x140
[ 47.244907] __lock_acquire+0x13b0/0x204c
[ 47.253332] lock_acquire.part.0+0x120/0x330
[ 47.262033] lock_acquire+0x64/0x80
[ 47.269826] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x7c/0xc4
[ 47.278430] __pm_runtime_resume+0x40/0x74
[ 47.286758] sh_cmt_start+0x84/0x210
[ 47.294537] sh_cmt_clocksource_enable+0x28/0x50
[ 47.303449] change_clocksource+0x9c/0x160
[ 47.311783] multi_cpu_stop+0xa4/0x190
[ 47.319720] cpu_stopper_thread+0x90/0x154
[ 47.328022] smpboot_thread_fn+0x244/0x270
[ 47.336298] kthread+0x154/0x160
[ 47.343708] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
[ 47.351445]
[ 47.351445] other info that might help us debug this:
[ 47.351445]
[ 47.370225] Chain exists of:
[ 47.370225] &dev->power.lock --> tk_core.seq.seqcount --> &ch->lock
[ 47.370225]
[ 47.392003] Possible unsafe locking scenario:
[ 47.392003]
[ 47.405314] CPU0 CPU1
[ 47.413569] ---- ----
[ 47.421768] lock(&ch->lock);
[ 47.428425] lock(tk_core.seq.seqcount);
[ 47.438701] lock(&ch->lock);
[ 47.447930] lock(&dev->power.lock);
[ 47.455172]
[ 47.455172] *** DEADLOCK ***
[ 47.455172]
[ 47.471433] 3 locks held by migration/0/11:
[ 47.479099] #0: ffff8000113c9278 (timekeeper_lock){-.-.}-{2:2}, at: change_clocksource+0x2c/0x160
[ 47.491834] #1: ffff8000113c8f88 (tk_core.seq.seqcount){----}-{0:0}, at: multi_cpu_stop+0xa4/0x190
[ 47.504727] #2: ffff000040ad0298 (&ch->lock){....}-{2:2}, at: sh_cmt_start+0x28/0x210
[ 47.516541]
[ 47.516541] stack backtrace:
[ 47.528480] CPU: 0 PID: 11 Comm: migration/0 Not tainted 5.10.0-rc6-arm64-renesas-00001-g0e5fd7414e8b #36
[ 47.542147] Hardware name: Renesas Salvator-X 2nd version board based on r8a77965 (DT)
[ 47.554241] Call trace:
[ 47.560832] dump_backtrace+0x0/0x190
[ 47.568670] show_stack+0x14/0x30
[ 47.576144] dump_stack+0xe8/0x130
[ 47.583670] print_circular_bug+0x1f0/0x200
[ 47.592015] check_noncircular+0x128/0x140
[ 47.600289] __lock_acquire+0x13b0/0x204c
[ 47.608486] lock_acquire.part.0+0x120/0x330
[ 47.616953] lock_acquire+0x64/0x80
[ 47.624582] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x7c/0xc4
[ 47.633114] __pm_runtime_resume+0x40/0x74
[ 47.641371] sh_cmt_start+0x84/0x210
[ 47.649115] sh_cmt_clocksource_enable+0x28/0x50
[ 47.657916] change_clocksource+0x9c/0x160
[ 47.666165] multi_cpu_stop+0xa4/0x190
[ 47.674056] cpu_stopper_thread+0x90/0x154
[ 47.682308] smpboot_thread_fn+0x244/0x270
[ 47.690560] kthread+0x154/0x160
[ 47.697927] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
[ 47.708447] clocksource: Switched to clocksource e60f0000.timer

Signed-off-by: Niklas Söderlund <niklas.soderlund+renesas@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
drivers/clocksource/sh_cmt.c | 18 ++++++++++++++----
1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/clocksource/sh_cmt.c b/drivers/clocksource/sh_cmt.c
index 760777458a9091cd..19fa3ef75e3bd62b 100644
--- a/drivers/clocksource/sh_cmt.c
+++ b/drivers/clocksource/sh_cmt.c
@@ -319,7 +319,6 @@ static int sh_cmt_enable(struct sh_cmt_channel *ch)
{
int k, ret;

- pm_runtime_get_sync(&ch->cmt->pdev->dev);
dev_pm_syscore_device(&ch->cmt->pdev->dev, true);

/* enable clock */
@@ -394,7 +393,6 @@ static void sh_cmt_disable(struct sh_cmt_channel *ch)
clk_disable(ch->cmt->clk);

dev_pm_syscore_device(&ch->cmt->pdev->dev, false);
- pm_runtime_put(&ch->cmt->pdev->dev);
}

/* private flags */
@@ -562,10 +560,16 @@ static int sh_cmt_start(struct sh_cmt_channel *ch, unsigned long flag)
int ret = 0;
unsigned long flags;

+ if (flag & FLAG_CLOCKSOURCE)
+ pm_runtime_get_sync(&ch->cmt->pdev->dev);
+
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&ch->lock, flags);

- if (!(ch->flags & (FLAG_CLOCKEVENT | FLAG_CLOCKSOURCE)))
+ if (!(ch->flags & (FLAG_CLOCKEVENT | FLAG_CLOCKSOURCE))) {
+ if (flag & FLAG_CLOCKEVENT)
+ pm_runtime_get_sync(&ch->cmt->pdev->dev);
ret = sh_cmt_enable(ch);
+ }

if (ret)
goto out;
@@ -590,14 +594,20 @@ static void sh_cmt_stop(struct sh_cmt_channel *ch, unsigned long flag)
f = ch->flags & (FLAG_CLOCKEVENT | FLAG_CLOCKSOURCE);
ch->flags &= ~flag;

- if (f && !(ch->flags & (FLAG_CLOCKEVENT | FLAG_CLOCKSOURCE)))
+ if (f && !(ch->flags & (FLAG_CLOCKEVENT | FLAG_CLOCKSOURCE))) {
sh_cmt_disable(ch);
+ if (flag & FLAG_CLOCKEVENT)
+ pm_runtime_put(&ch->cmt->pdev->dev);
+ }

/* adjust the timeout to maximum if only clocksource left */
if ((flag == FLAG_CLOCKEVENT) && (ch->flags & FLAG_CLOCKSOURCE))
__sh_cmt_set_next(ch, ch->max_match_value);

raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ch->lock, flags);
+
+ if (flag & FLAG_CLOCKSOURCE)
+ pm_runtime_put(&ch->cmt->pdev->dev);
}

static struct sh_cmt_channel *cs_to_sh_cmt(struct clocksource *cs)
--
2.29.2