Re: [PATCH v2 2/8] cxl/mem: Find device capabilities

[Jonathan Cameron]

On Tue, 9 Feb 2021 16:02:53 -0800
Ben Widawsky <ben.widawsky@xxxxxxxxx> wrote:

> Provide enough functionality to utilize the mailbox of a memory device.
> The mailbox is used to interact with the firmware running on the memory
> device. The flow is proven with one implemented command, "identify".
> Because the class code has already told the driver this is a memory
> device and the identify command is mandatory.
> 
> CXL devices contain an array of capabilities that describe the
> interactions software can have with the device or firmware running on
> the device. A CXL compliant device must implement the device status and
> the mailbox capability. Additionally, a CXL compliant memory device must
> implement the memory device capability. Each of the capabilities can
> [will] provide an offset within the MMIO region for interacting with the
> CXL device.
> 
> The capabilities tell the driver how to find and map the register space
> for CXL Memory Devices. The registers are required to utilize the CXL
> spec defined mailbox interface. The spec outlines two mailboxes, primary
> and secondary. The secondary mailbox is earmarked for system firmware,
> and not handled in this driver.
> 
> Primary mailboxes are capable of generating an interrupt when submitting
> a background command. That implementation is saved for a later time.
> 
> Link: https://www.computeexpresslink.org/download-the-specification
> Signed-off-by: Ben Widawsky <ben.widawsky@xxxxxxxxx>
> Reviewed-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@xxxxxxxxx>

Hi Ben,


> +/**
> + * cxl_mem_mbox_send_cmd() - Send a mailbox command to a memory device.
> + * @cxlm: The CXL memory device to communicate with.
> + * @mbox_cmd: Command to send to the memory device.
> + *
> + * Context: Any context. Expects mbox_lock to be held.
> + * Return: -ETIMEDOUT if timeout occurred waiting for completion. 0 on success.
> + *         Caller should check the return code in @mbox_cmd to make sure it
> + *         succeeded.

cxl_xfer_log() doesn't check mbox_cmd->return_code and for my test it currently
enters an infinite loop as a result.

I haven't checked other paths, but to my mind it is not a good idea to require
two levels of error checking - the example here proves how easy it is to forget
one.

Now all I have to do is figure out why I'm getting an error in the first place!

Jonathan



> + *
> + * This is a generic form of the CXL mailbox send command, thus the only I/O
> + * operations used are cxl_read_mbox_reg(). Memory devices, and perhaps other
> + * types of CXL devices may have further information available upon error
> + * conditions.
> + *
> + * The CXL spec allows for up to two mailboxes. The intention is for the primary
> + * mailbox to be OS controlled and the secondary mailbox to be used by system
> + * firmware. This allows the OS and firmware to communicate with the device and
> + * not need to coordinate with each other. The driver only uses the primary
> + * mailbox.
> + */
> +static int cxl_mem_mbox_send_cmd(struct cxl_mem *cxlm,
> +				 struct mbox_cmd *mbox_cmd)
> +{
> +	void __iomem *payload = cxlm->mbox_regs + CXLDEV_MBOX_PAYLOAD_OFFSET;
> +	u64 cmd_reg, status_reg;
> +	size_t out_len;
> +	int rc;
> +
> +	lockdep_assert_held(&cxlm->mbox_mutex);
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Here are the steps from 8.2.8.4 of the CXL 2.0 spec.
> +	 *   1. Caller reads MB Control Register to verify doorbell is clear
> +	 *   2. Caller writes Command Register
> +	 *   3. Caller writes Command Payload Registers if input payload is non-empty
> +	 *   4. Caller writes MB Control Register to set doorbell
> +	 *   5. Caller either polls for doorbell to be clear or waits for interrupt if configured
> +	 *   6. Caller reads MB Status Register to fetch Return code
> +	 *   7. If command successful, Caller reads Command Register to get Payload Length
> +	 *   8. If output payload is non-empty, host reads Command Payload Registers
> +	 *
> +	 * Hardware is free to do whatever it wants before the doorbell is rung,
> +	 * and isn't allowed to change anything after it clears the doorbell. As
> +	 * such, steps 2 and 3 can happen in any order, and steps 6, 7, 8 can
> +	 * also happen in any order (though some orders might not make sense).
> +	 */
> +
> +	/* #1 */
> +	if (cxl_doorbell_busy(cxlm)) {
> +		dev_err_ratelimited(&cxlm->pdev->dev,
> +				    "Mailbox re-busy after acquiring\n");
> +		return -EBUSY;
> +	}
> +
> +	cmd_reg = FIELD_PREP(CXLDEV_MBOX_CMD_COMMAND_OPCODE_MASK,
> +			     mbox_cmd->opcode);
> +	if (mbox_cmd->size_in) {
> +		if (WARN_ON(!mbox_cmd->payload_in))
> +			return -EINVAL;
> +
> +		cmd_reg |= FIELD_PREP(CXLDEV_MBOX_CMD_PAYLOAD_LENGTH_MASK,
> +				      mbox_cmd->size_in);
> +		memcpy_toio(payload, mbox_cmd->payload_in, mbox_cmd->size_in);
> +	}
> +
> +	/* #2, #3 */
> +	writeq(cmd_reg, cxlm->mbox_regs + CXLDEV_MBOX_CMD_OFFSET);
> +
> +	/* #4 */
> +	dev_dbg(&cxlm->pdev->dev, "Sending command\n");
> +	writel(CXLDEV_MBOX_CTRL_DOORBELL,
> +	       cxlm->mbox_regs + CXLDEV_MBOX_CTRL_OFFSET);
> +
> +	/* #5 */
> +	rc = cxl_mem_wait_for_doorbell(cxlm);
> +	if (rc == -ETIMEDOUT) {
> +		cxl_mem_mbox_timeout(cxlm, mbox_cmd);
> +		return rc;
> +	}
> +
> +	/* #6 */
> +	status_reg = readq(cxlm->mbox_regs + CXLDEV_MBOX_STATUS_OFFSET);
> +	mbox_cmd->return_code =
> +		FIELD_GET(CXLDEV_MBOX_STATUS_RET_CODE_MASK, status_reg);
> +
> +	if (mbox_cmd->return_code != 0) {
> +		dev_dbg(&cxlm->pdev->dev, "Mailbox operation had an error\n");
> +		return 0;

I'd return some sort of error in this path.  Otherwise the sort of missing
handling I mention above is too easy to hit.

> +	}
> +
> +	/* #7 */
> +	cmd_reg = readq(cxlm->mbox_regs + CXLDEV_MBOX_CMD_OFFSET);
> +	out_len = FIELD_GET(CXLDEV_MBOX_CMD_PAYLOAD_LENGTH_MASK, cmd_reg);
> +
> +	/* #8 */
> +	if (out_len && mbox_cmd->payload_out)
> +		memcpy_fromio(mbox_cmd->payload_out, payload, out_len);
> +
> +	mbox_cmd->size_out = out_len;
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +/**
> + * cxl_mem_mbox_get() - Acquire exclusive access to the mailbox.
> + * @cxlm: The memory device to gain access to.
> + *
> + * Context: Any context. Takes the mbox_lock.
> + * Return: 0 if exclusive access was acquired.
> + */
> +static int cxl_mem_mbox_get(struct cxl_mem *cxlm)
> +{
> +	struct device *dev = &cxlm->pdev->dev;
> +	int rc = -EBUSY;
> +	u64 md_status;
> +
> +	mutex_lock_io(&cxlm->mbox_mutex);
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * XXX: There is some amount of ambiguity in the 2.0 version of the spec
> +	 * around the mailbox interface ready (8.2.8.5.1.1).  The purpose of the
> +	 * bit is to allow firmware running on the device to notify the driver
> +	 * that it's ready to receive commands. It is unclear if the bit needs
> +	 * to be read for each transaction mailbox, ie. the firmware can switch
> +	 * it on and off as needed. Second, there is no defined timeout for
> +	 * mailbox ready, like there is for the doorbell interface.
> +	 *
> +	 * Assumptions:
> +	 * 1. The firmware might toggle the Mailbox Interface Ready bit, check
> +	 *    it for every command.
> +	 *
> +	 * 2. If the doorbell is clear, the firmware should have first set the
> +	 *    Mailbox Interface Ready bit. Therefore, waiting for the doorbell
> +	 *    to be ready is sufficient.
> +	 */
> +	rc = cxl_mem_wait_for_doorbell(cxlm);
> +	if (rc) {
> +		dev_warn(dev, "Mailbox interface not ready\n");
> +		goto out;
> +	}
> +
> +	md_status = readq(cxlm->memdev_regs + CXLMDEV_STATUS_OFFSET);
> +	if (!(md_status & CXLMDEV_MBOX_IF_READY && CXLMDEV_READY(md_status))) {
> +		dev_err(dev,
> +			"mbox: reported doorbell ready, but not mbox ready\n");
> +		goto out;
> +	}
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Hardware shouldn't allow a ready status but also have failure bits
> +	 * set. Spit out an error, this should be a bug report
> +	 */
> +	rc = -EFAULT;
> +	if (md_status & CXLMDEV_DEV_FATAL) {
> +		dev_err(dev, "mbox: reported ready, but fatal\n");
> +		goto out;
> +	}
> +	if (md_status & CXLMDEV_FW_HALT) {
> +		dev_err(dev, "mbox: reported ready, but halted\n");
> +		goto out;
> +	}
> +	if (CXLMDEV_RESET_NEEDED(md_status)) {
> +		dev_err(dev, "mbox: reported ready, but reset needed\n");
> +		goto out;
> +	}
> +
> +	/* with lock held */
> +	return 0;
> +
> +out:
> +	mutex_unlock(&cxlm->mbox_mutex);
> +	return rc;
> +}
> +
> +/**
> + * cxl_mem_mbox_put() - Release exclusive access to the mailbox.
> + * @cxlm: The CXL memory device to communicate with.
> + *
> + * Context: Any context. Expects mbox_lock to be held.
> + */
> +static void cxl_mem_mbox_put(struct cxl_mem *cxlm)
> +{
> +	mutex_unlock(&cxlm->mbox_mutex);
> +}
> +
> +/**
> + * cxl_mem_setup_regs() - Setup necessary MMIO.
> + * @cxlm: The CXL memory device to communicate with.
> + *
> + * Return: 0 if all necessary registers mapped.
> + *
> + * A memory device is required by spec to implement a certain set of MMIO
> + * regions. The purpose of this function is to enumerate and map those
> + * registers.
> + */
> +static int cxl_mem_setup_regs(struct cxl_mem *cxlm)
> +{
> +	struct device *dev = &cxlm->pdev->dev;
> +	int cap, cap_count;
> +	u64 cap_array;
> +
> +	cap_array = readq(cxlm->regs + CXLDEV_CAP_ARRAY_OFFSET);
> +	if (FIELD_GET(CXLDEV_CAP_ARRAY_ID_MASK, cap_array) !=
> +	    CXLDEV_CAP_ARRAY_CAP_ID)
> +		return -ENODEV;
> +
> +	cap_count = FIELD_GET(CXLDEV_CAP_ARRAY_COUNT_MASK, cap_array);
> +
> +	for (cap = 1; cap <= cap_count; cap++) {
> +		void __iomem *register_block;
> +		u32 offset;
> +		u16 cap_id;
> +
> +		cap_id = readl(cxlm->regs + cap * 0x10) & 0xffff;
> +		offset = readl(cxlm->regs + cap * 0x10 + 0x4);
> +		register_block = cxlm->regs + offset;
> +
> +		switch (cap_id) {
> +		case CXLDEV_CAP_CAP_ID_DEVICE_STATUS:
> +			dev_dbg(dev, "found Status capability (0x%x)\n", offset);
> +			cxlm->status_regs = register_block;
> +			break;
> +		case CXLDEV_CAP_CAP_ID_PRIMARY_MAILBOX:
> +			dev_dbg(dev, "found Mailbox capability (0x%x)\n", offset);
> +			cxlm->mbox_regs = register_block;
> +			break;
> +		case CXLDEV_CAP_CAP_ID_SECONDARY_MAILBOX:
> +			dev_dbg(dev, "found Secondary Mailbox capability (0x%x)\n", offset);
> +			break;
> +		case CXLDEV_CAP_CAP_ID_MEMDEV:
> +			dev_dbg(dev, "found Memory Device capability (0x%x)\n", offset);
> +			cxlm->memdev_regs = register_block;
> +			break;
> +		default:
> +			dev_dbg(dev, "Unknown cap ID: %d (0x%x)\n", cap_id, offset);
> +			break;
> +		}
> +	}
> +
> +	if (!cxlm->status_regs || !cxlm->mbox_regs || !cxlm->memdev_regs) {
> +		dev_err(dev, "registers not found: %s%s%s\n",
> +			!cxlm->status_regs ? "status " : "",
> +			!cxlm->mbox_regs ? "mbox " : "",
> +			!cxlm->memdev_regs ? "memdev" : "");
> +		return -ENXIO;
> +	}
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int cxl_mem_setup_mailbox(struct cxl_mem *cxlm)
> +{
> +	const int cap = readl(cxlm->mbox_regs + CXLDEV_MBOX_CAPS_OFFSET);
> +
> +	cxlm->payload_size =
> +		1 << FIELD_GET(CXLDEV_MBOX_CAP_PAYLOAD_SIZE_MASK, cap);
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * CXL 2.0 8.2.8.4.3 Mailbox Capabilities Register
> +	 *
> +	 * If the size is too small, mandatory commands will not work and so
> +	 * there's no point in going forward. If the size is too large, there's
> +	 * no harm is soft limiting it.
> +	 */
> +	cxlm->payload_size = min_t(size_t, cxlm->payload_size, SZ_1M);
> +	if (cxlm->payload_size < 256) {
> +		dev_err(&cxlm->pdev->dev, "Mailbox is too small (%zub)",
> +			cxlm->payload_size);
> +		return -ENXIO;
> +	}
> +
> +	dev_dbg(&cxlm->pdev->dev, "Mailbox payload sized %zu",
> +		cxlm->payload_size);
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static struct cxl_mem *cxl_mem_create(struct pci_dev *pdev, u32 reg_lo,
> +				      u32 reg_hi)
> +{
> +	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
> +	struct cxl_mem *cxlm;
> +	void __iomem *regs;
> +	u64 offset;
> +	u8 bar;
> +	int rc;
> +
> +	cxlm = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*cxlm), GFP_KERNEL);
> +	if (!cxlm) {
> +		dev_err(dev, "No memory available\n");
> +		return NULL;
> +	}
> +
> +	offset = ((u64)reg_hi << 32) | FIELD_GET(CXL_REGLOC_ADDR_MASK, reg_lo);
> +	bar = FIELD_GET(CXL_REGLOC_BIR_MASK, reg_lo);
> +
> +	/* Basic sanity check that BAR is big enough */
> +	if (pci_resource_len(pdev, bar) < offset) {
> +		dev_err(dev, "BAR%d: %pr: too small (offset: %#llx)\n", bar,
> +			&pdev->resource[bar], (unsigned long long)offset);
> +		return NULL;
> +	}
> +
> +	rc = pcim_iomap_regions(pdev, BIT(bar), pci_name(pdev));
> +	if (rc != 0) {
> +		dev_err(dev, "failed to map registers\n");
> +		return NULL;
> +	}
> +	regs = pcim_iomap_table(pdev)[bar];
> +
> +	mutex_init(&cxlm->mbox_mutex);
> +	cxlm->pdev = pdev;
> +	cxlm->regs = regs + offset;
> +
> +	dev_dbg(dev, "Mapped CXL Memory Device resource\n");
> +	return cxlm;
> +}
>  
>  static int cxl_mem_dvsec(struct pci_dev *pdev, int dvsec)
>  {
> @@ -28,10 +423,85 @@ static int cxl_mem_dvsec(struct pci_dev *pdev, int dvsec)
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> +/**
> + * cxl_mem_identify() - Send the IDENTIFY command to the device.
> + * @cxlm: The device to identify.
> + *
> + * Return: 0 if identify was executed successfully.
> + *
> + * This will dispatch the identify command to the device and on success populate
> + * structures to be exported to sysfs.
> + */
> +static int cxl_mem_identify(struct cxl_mem *cxlm)
> +{
> +	struct cxl_mbox_identify {
> +		char fw_revision[0x10];
> +		__le64 total_capacity;
> +		__le64 volatile_capacity;
> +		__le64 persistent_capacity;
> +		__le64 partition_align;
> +		__le16 info_event_log_size;
> +		__le16 warning_event_log_size;
> +		__le16 failure_event_log_size;
> +		__le16 fatal_event_log_size;
> +		__le32 lsa_size;
> +		u8 poison_list_max_mer[3];
> +		__le16 inject_poison_limit;
> +		u8 poison_caps;
> +		u8 qos_telemetry_caps;
> +	} __packed id;
> +	struct mbox_cmd mbox_cmd = {
> +		.opcode = CXL_MBOX_OP_IDENTIFY,
> +		.payload_out = &id,
> +		.size_in = 0,
> +	};
> +	int rc;
> +
> +	/* Retrieve initial device memory map */
> +	rc = cxl_mem_mbox_get(cxlm);
> +	if (rc)
> +		return rc;
> +
> +	rc = cxl_mem_mbox_send_cmd(cxlm, &mbox_cmd);
> +	cxl_mem_mbox_put(cxlm);
> +	if (rc)
> +		return rc;
> +
> +	/* TODO: Handle retry or reset responses from firmware. */
> +	if (mbox_cmd.return_code != CXL_MBOX_SUCCESS) {
> +		dev_err(&cxlm->pdev->dev, "Mailbox command failed (%d)\n",
> +			mbox_cmd.return_code);
> +		return -ENXIO;
> +	}
> +
> +	if (mbox_cmd.size_out != sizeof(id))
> +		return -ENXIO;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * TODO: enumerate DPA map, as 'ram' and 'pmem' do not alias.
> +	 * For now, only the capacity is exported in sysfs
> +	 */
> +	cxlm->ram.range.start = 0;
> +	cxlm->ram.range.end = le64_to_cpu(id.volatile_capacity) - 1;
> +
> +	cxlm->pmem.range.start = 0;
> +	cxlm->pmem.range.end = le64_to_cpu(id.persistent_capacity) - 1;
> +
> +	memcpy(cxlm->firmware_version, id.fw_revision, sizeof(id.fw_revision));
> +
> +	return rc;
> +}
> +
>  static int cxl_mem_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
>  {
>  	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
> -	int regloc;
> +	struct cxl_mem *cxlm;
> +	int rc, regloc, i;
> +	u32 regloc_size;
> +
> +	rc = pcim_enable_device(pdev);
> +	if (rc)
> +		return rc;
>  
>  	regloc = cxl_mem_dvsec(pdev, PCI_DVSEC_ID_CXL_REGLOC_OFFSET);
>  	if (!regloc) {
> @@ -39,7 +509,44 @@ static int cxl_mem_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
>  		return -ENXIO;
>  	}
>  
> -	return 0;
> +	/* Get the size of the Register Locator DVSEC */
> +	pci_read_config_dword(pdev, regloc + PCI_DVSEC_HEADER1, &regloc_size);
> +	regloc_size = FIELD_GET(PCI_DVSEC_HEADER1_LENGTH_MASK, regloc_size);
> +
> +	regloc += PCI_DVSEC_ID_CXL_REGLOC_BLOCK1_OFFSET;
> +
> +	rc = -ENXIO;
> +	for (i = regloc; i < regloc + regloc_size; i += 8) {
> +		u32 reg_lo, reg_hi;
> +		u8 reg_type;
> +
> +		/* "register low and high" contain other bits */
> +		pci_read_config_dword(pdev, i, &reg_lo);
> +		pci_read_config_dword(pdev, i + 4, &reg_hi);
> +
> +		reg_type = FIELD_GET(CXL_REGLOC_RBI_MASK, reg_lo);
> +
> +		if (reg_type == CXL_REGLOC_RBI_MEMDEV) {
> +			rc = 0;
> +			cxlm = cxl_mem_create(pdev, reg_lo, reg_hi);
> +			if (!cxlm)
> +				rc = -ENODEV;
> +			break;
> +		}
> +	}
> +
> +	if (rc)
> +		return rc;
> +
> +	rc = cxl_mem_setup_regs(cxlm);
> +	if (rc)
> +		return rc;
> +
> +	rc = cxl_mem_setup_mailbox(cxlm);
> +	if (rc)
> +		return rc;
> +
> +	return cxl_mem_identify(cxlm);
>  }
>  
>  static const struct pci_device_id cxl_mem_pci_tbl[] = {
> diff --git a/drivers/cxl/pci.h b/drivers/cxl/pci.h
> index f135b9f7bb21..ffcbc13d7b5b 100644
> --- a/drivers/cxl/pci.h
> +++ b/drivers/cxl/pci.h
> @@ -14,5 +14,18 @@
>  #define PCI_DVSEC_ID_CXL		0x0
>  
>  #define PCI_DVSEC_ID_CXL_REGLOC_OFFSET		0x8
> +#define PCI_DVSEC_ID_CXL_REGLOC_BLOCK1_OFFSET	0xC
> +
> +/* BAR Indicator Register (BIR) */
> +#define CXL_REGLOC_BIR_MASK GENMASK(2, 0)
> +
> +/* Register Block Identifier (RBI) */
> +#define CXL_REGLOC_RBI_MASK GENMASK(15, 8)
> +#define CXL_REGLOC_RBI_EMPTY 0
> +#define CXL_REGLOC_RBI_COMPONENT 1
> +#define CXL_REGLOC_RBI_VIRT 2
> +#define CXL_REGLOC_RBI_MEMDEV 3
> +
> +#define CXL_REGLOC_ADDR_MASK GENMASK(31, 16)
>  
>  #endif /* __CXL_PCI_H__ */
> diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/pci_regs.h b/include/uapi/linux/pci_regs.h
> index e709ae8235e7..6267ca9ae683 100644
> --- a/include/uapi/linux/pci_regs.h
> +++ b/include/uapi/linux/pci_regs.h
> @@ -1080,6 +1080,7 @@
>  
>  /* Designated Vendor-Specific (DVSEC, PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_DVSEC) */
>  #define PCI_DVSEC_HEADER1		0x4 /* Designated Vendor-Specific Header1 */
> +#define PCI_DVSEC_HEADER1_LENGTH_MASK	0xFFF00000
>  #define PCI_DVSEC_HEADER2		0x8 /* Designated Vendor-Specific Header2 */
>  
>  /* Data Link Feature */