Re: [PATCH v8 2/4] KEYS: trusted: Introduce TEE based Trusted Keys

From: Jarkko Sakkinen
Date: Thu Feb 11 2021 - 18:37:11 EST

On Fri, Feb 12, 2021 at 01:34:31AM +0200, Jarkko Sakkinen wrote:
> On Mon, Jan 25, 2021 at 02:47:38PM +0530, Sumit Garg wrote:
> > Hi Jarkko,
> >
> > On Fri, 22 Jan 2021 at 23:42, Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> > >
> > > On Thu, Jan 21, 2021 at 05:23:45PM +0100, Jerome Forissier wrote:
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > On 1/21/21 4:24 PM, Jarkko Sakkinen wrote:
> > > > > On Thu, Jan 21, 2021 at 05:07:42PM +0200, Jarkko Sakkinen wrote:
> > > > >> On Thu, Jan 21, 2021 at 09:44:07AM +0100, Jerome Forissier wrote:
> > > > >>>
> > > > >>>
> > > > >>> On 1/21/21 1:02 AM, Jarkko Sakkinen via OP-TEE wrote:
> > > > >>>> On Wed, Jan 20, 2021 at 12:53:28PM +0530, Sumit Garg wrote:
> > > > >>>>> On Wed, 20 Jan 2021 at 07:01, Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> > > > >>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>> On Tue, Jan 19, 2021 at 12:30:42PM +0200, Jarkko Sakkinen wrote:
> > > > >>>>>>> On Fri, Jan 15, 2021 at 11:32:31AM +0530, Sumit Garg wrote:
> > > > >>>>>>>> On Thu, 14 Jan 2021 at 07:35, Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> > > > >>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>> On Wed, Jan 13, 2021 at 04:47:00PM +0530, Sumit Garg wrote:
> > > > >>>>>>>>>> Hi Jarkko,
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>> On Mon, 11 Jan 2021 at 22:05, Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Nov 03, 2020 at 09:31:44PM +0530, Sumit Garg wrote:
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>> Add support for TEE based trusted keys where TEE provides the functionality
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>> to seal and unseal trusted keys using hardware unique key.
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>> Refer to Documentation/tee.txt for detailed information about TEE.
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>> Signed-off-by: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@xxxxxxxxxx>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> I haven't yet got QEMU environment working with aarch64, this produces
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> just a blank screen:
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> ./output/host/usr/bin/qemu-system-aarch64 -M virt -cpu cortex-a53 -smp 1 -kernel output/images/Image -initrd output/images/rootfs.cpio -serial stdio
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> My BuildRoot fork for TPM and keyring testing is located over here:
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jarkko/buildroot-tpmdd.git/
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> The "ARM version" is at this point in aarch64 branch. Over time I will
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> define tpmdd-x86_64 and tpmdd-aarch64 boards and everything will be then
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> in the master branch.
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> To create identical images you just need to
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> $ make tpmdd_defconfig && make
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> Can you check if you see anything obviously wrong? I'm eager to test this
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> patch set, and in bigger picture I really need to have ready to run
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>> aarch64 environment available.
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>> I would rather suggest you to follow steps listed here [1] as to test
> > > > >>>>>>>>>> this feature on Qemu aarch64 we need to build firmwares such as TF-A,
> > > > >>>>>>>>>> OP-TEE, UEFI etc. which are all integrated into OP-TEE Qemu build
> > > > >>>>>>>>>> system [2]. And then it would be easier to migrate them to your
> > > > >>>>>>>>>> buildroot environment as well.
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>> [1] https://lists.trustedfirmware.org/pipermail/op-tee/2020-May/000027.html
> > > > >>>>>>>>>> [2] https://optee.readthedocs.io/en/latest/building/devices/qemu.html#qemu-v8
> > > > >>>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>>> -Sumit
> > > > >>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>> Can you provide 'keyctl_change'? Otherwise, the steps are easy to follow.
> > > > >>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>> $ cat keyctl_change
> > > > >>>>>>>> diff --git a/common.mk b/common.mk
> > > > >>>>>>>> index aeb7b41..663e528 100644
> > > > >>>>>>>> --- a/common.mk
> > > > >>>>>>>> +++ b/common.mk
> > > > >>>>>>>> @@ -229,6 +229,7 @@ BR2_PACKAGE_OPTEE_TEST_SDK ?= $(OPTEE_OS_TA_DEV_KIT_DIR)
> > > > >>>>>>>> BR2_PACKAGE_OPTEE_TEST_SITE ?= $(OPTEE_TEST_PATH)
> > > > >>>>>>>> BR2_PACKAGE_STRACE ?= y
> > > > >>>>>>>> BR2_TARGET_GENERIC_GETTY_PORT ?= $(if
> > > > >>>>>>>> $(CFG_NW_CONSOLE_UART),ttyAMA$(CFG_NW_CONSOLE_UART),ttyAMA0)
> > > > >>>>>>>> +BR2_PACKAGE_KEYUTILS := y
> > > > >>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>> # All BR2_* variables from the makefile or the environment are appended to
> > > > >>>>>>>> # ../out-br/extra.conf. All values are quoted "..." except y and n.
> > > > >>>>>>>> diff --git a/kconfigs/qemu.conf b/kconfigs/qemu.conf
> > > > >>>>>>>> index 368c18a..832ab74 100644
> > > > >>>>>>>> --- a/kconfigs/qemu.conf
> > > > >>>>>>>> +++ b/kconfigs/qemu.conf
> > > > >>>>>>>> @@ -20,3 +20,5 @@ CONFIG_9P_FS=y
> > > > >>>>>>>> CONFIG_9P_FS_POSIX_ACL=y
> > > > >>>>>>>> CONFIG_HW_RANDOM=y
> > > > >>>>>>>> CONFIG_HW_RANDOM_VIRTIO=y
> > > > >>>>>>>> +CONFIG_TRUSTED_KEYS=y
> > > > >>>>>>>> +CONFIG_ENCRYPTED_KEYS=y
> > > > >>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>> After I've successfully tested 2/4, I'd suggest that you roll out one more
> > > > >>>>>>>>> version and CC the documentation patch to Elaine and Mini, and clearly
> > > > >>>>>>>>> remark in the commit message that TEE is a standard, with a link to the
> > > > >>>>>>>>> specification.
> > > > >>>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>>> Sure, I will roll out the next version after your testing.
> > > > >>>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>>> Thanks, I'll try this at instant, and give my feedback.
> > > > >>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>> I bump into this:
> > > > >>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>> $ make run-only
> > > > >>>>>> ln -sf /home/jarkko/devel/tpm/optee/build/../out-br/images/rootfs.cpio.gz /home/jarkko/devel/tpm/optee/build/../out/bin/
> > > > >>>>>> ln: failed to create symbolic link '/home/jarkko/devel/tpm/optee/build/../out/bin/': No such file or directory
> > > > >>>>>> make: *** [Makefile:194: run-only] Error 1
> > > > >>>>>>
> > > > >>>>>
> > > > >>>>> Could you check if the following directory tree is built after
> > > > >>>>> executing the below command?
> > > > >>>>>
> > > > >>>>> $ make -j`nproc`
> > > > >>>>> CFG_IN_TREE_EARLY_TAS=trusted_keys/f04a0fe7-1f5d-4b9b-abf7-619b85b4ce8c
> > > > >>>>>
> > > > >>>>> $ tree out/bin/
> > > > >>>>> out/bin/
> > > > >>>>> ├── bl1.bin -> /home/sumit/build/optee/build/../trusted-firmware-a/build/qemu/release/bl1.bin
> > > > >>>>> ├── bl2.bin -> /home/sumit/build/optee/build/../trusted-firmware-a/build/qemu/release/bl2.bin
> > > > >>>>> ├── bl31.bin ->
> > > > >>>>> /home/sumit/build/optee/build/../trusted-firmware-a/build/qemu/release/bl31.bin
> > > > >>>>> ├── bl32.bin ->
> > > > >>>>> /home/sumit/build/optee/build/../optee_os/out/arm/core/tee-header_v2.bin
> > > > >>>>> ├── bl32_extra1.bin ->
> > > > >>>>> /home/sumit/build/optee/build/../optee_os/out/arm/core/tee-pager_v2.bin
> > > > >>>>> ├── bl32_extra2.bin ->
> > > > >>>>> /home/sumit/build/optee/build/../optee_os/out/arm/core/tee-pageable_v2.bin
> > > > >>>>> ├── bl33.bin ->
> > > > >>>>> /home/sumit/build/optee/build/../edk2/Build/ArmVirtQemuKernel-AARCH64/RELEASE_GCC49/FV/QEMU_EFI.fd
> > > > >>>>> ├── Image -> /home/sumit/build/optee/build/../linux/arch/arm64/boot/Image
> > > > >>>>> └── rootfs.cpio.gz ->
> > > > >>>>> /home/sumit/build/optee/build/../out-br/images/rootfs.cpio.gz
> > > > >>>>>
> > > > >>>>> 0 directories, 9 files
> > > > >>>>>
> > > > >>>>> -Sumit
> > > > >>>>
> > > > >>>> I actually spotted a build error that was unnoticed last time:
> > > > >>>>
> > > > >>>> make[2]: Entering directory '/home/jarkko/devel/tpm/optee/edk2/BaseTools/Tests'
> > > > >>>> /bin/sh: 1: python: not found
> > > > >>>>
> > > > >>>> I'd prefer not to install Python2. It has been EOL over a year.
> > > > >>>
> > > > >>> AFAIK, everything should build fine with Python3. On my Ubuntu 20.04
> > > > >>> machine, this is accomplished by installing package "python-is-python3"
> > > > >>> (after uninstalling "python-is-python2" if need be).
> > > > >>>
> > > > >>> $ ls -l /usr/bin/python
> > > > >>> lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Apr 15 2020 /usr/bin/python -> python3
> > > > >>
> > > > >> Right, just found about this in unrelated context :-) [*]
> > > > >>
> > > > >> Hope this will work out...
> > > > >>
> > > > >> [*] https://github.com/surge-synthesizer/surge/pull/3655
> > > > >
> > > > > Now I get
> > > > >
> > > > > Traceback (most recent call last):
> > > > > File "/home/jarkko/Projects/tpm/optee/edk2/BaseTools/Tests/RunTests.py", line 36, in <module>
> > > > > allTests = GetAllTestsSuite()
> > > > > File "/home/jarkko/Projects/tpm/optee/edk2/BaseTools/Tests/RunTests.py", line 33, in GetAllTestsSuite
> > > > > return unittest.TestSuite([GetCTestSuite(), GetPythonTestSuite()])
> > > > > File "/home/jarkko/Projects/tpm/optee/edk2/BaseTools/Tests/RunTests.py", line 25, in GetCTestSuite
> > > > > import CToolsTests
> > > > > File "/home/jarkko/Projects/tpm/optee/edk2/BaseTools/Tests/CToolsTests.py", line 22, in <module>
> > > > > import TianoCompress
> > > > > File "/home/jarkko/Projects/tpm/optee/edk2/BaseTools/Tests/TianoCompress.py", line 69, in <module>
> > > > > TheTestSuite = TestTools.MakeTheTestSuite(locals())
> > > > > File "/home/jarkko/Projects/tpm/optee/edk2/BaseTools/Tests/TestTools.py", line 43, in MakeTheTestSuite
> > > > > for name, item in localItems.iteritems():
> > > > > AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'iteritems'
> > > >
> > > > Right. Same here after removing all traces of Python2 from my system :-/
> > > >
> > > > A couple of fixes are needed:
> > > > 1. EDK2 needs to be upgraded to tag or later [1]
> > > > 2. The PYTHON3_ENABLE environment variable needs to be set to TRUE [2]
> > > >
> > > > [1] https://github.com/OP-TEE/manifest/pull/177
> > > > [2] https://github.com/OP-TEE/build/pull/450
> > >
> > > BTW, Is to *really* impossible to test this with plain BuildRoot. It's
> > > obvious that this forks BR internally.
> > >
> > > I mean even if I get this working once, this will feels like a clumsy way
> > > to test Aarch64 regularly. I use BuildRoot extensively for x86 testing. And
> > > it would be nice to be able to start doing regular ARM testing.
> >
> > The main reason to guide you towards the OP-TEE build system is that
> > you will be able to build all the firmwares (TF-A, OP-TEE, edk2 etc.)
> > from source. If you don't need to rebuild those then I have prepared a
> > flash firmware binary blob for your testing (attached flash.bin). So
> > Qemu cmdline will look like:
> >
> > $ qemu-system-aarch64 -nographic -s -machine virt,secure=on -cpu
> > cortex-a57 -kernel out/bin/Image -no-acpi -append
> > 'console=ttyAMA0,38400 keep_bootcon root=/dev/vda2' -initrd
> > out/bin/rootfs.cpio.gz -smp 2 -m 1024 -bios flash.bin -d unimp
>
> I spentt couple of days to try to get this running.
>
> Here's the log:
>
> ❯ ./qemu.sh
> NOTICE: Booting Trusted Firmware
> NOTICE: BL1: v2.3():v2.3
> NOTICE: BL1: Built : 13:28:04, Jan 25 2021
> NOTICE: BL1: Booting BL2
> NOTICE: BL2: v2.3():v2.3
> NOTICE: BL2: Built : 13:28:06, Jan 25 2021
> NOTICE: BL1: Booting BL31
> NOTICE: BL31: v2.3():v2.3
> NOTICE: BL31: Built : 13:28:08, Jan 25 2021
> UEFI firmware (version built at 18:49:27 on Nov 18 2019)
> pflash_write: Write to buffer emulation is flawed
> pflash_write: Write to buffer emulation is flawed
> EFI stub: Booting Linux Kernel...
> EFI stub: Using DTB from configuration table
> EFI stub: Exiting boot services and installing virtual address map...
> Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0000000000 [0x411fd070]
> Linux version 5.11.0-rc5 (jarkko@suppilovahvero) (aarch64-buildroot-linux-uclibc-gcc.br_real (Buildroot 2021.02-rc1-10-ga72c90b972) 9.3.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.35.2) #1 SMP Thu Feb 11 22:04:53 EET 2021
> Machine model: linux,dummy-virt
> efi: EFI v2.70 by EDK II
> efi: SMBIOS=0x7f520000 SMBIOS 3.0=0x7f500000 MEMATTR=0x7e59b018 MEMRESERVE=0x7c143f18
> Zone ranges:
> DMA [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x000000007fffffff]
> DMA32 empty
> Normal empty
> Movable zone start for each node
> Early memory node ranges
> node 0: [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x0000000041ffffff]
> node 0: [mem 0x0000000042200000-0x000000007be3ffff]
> node 0: [mem 0x000000007be40000-0x000000007c13ffff]
> node 0: [mem 0x000000007c140000-0x000000007f41ffff]
> node 0: [mem 0x000000007f420000-0x000000007f4affff]
> node 0: [mem 0x000000007f4b0000-0x000000007f4cffff]
> node 0: [mem 0x000000007f4d0000-0x000000007f5dffff]
> node 0: [mem 0x000000007f5e0000-0x000000007fffffff]
> Zeroed struct page in unavailable ranges: 864 pages
> Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x000000007fffffff]
> psci: probing for conduit method from DT.
> psci: PSCIv1.1 detected in firmware.
> psci: Using standard PSCI v0.2 function IDs
> psci: Trusted OS migration not required
> psci: SMC Calling Convention v1.2
> percpu: Embedded 21 pages/cpu s48024 r8192 d29800 u86016
> Detected PIPT I-cache on CPU0
> CPU features: detected: ARM erratum 832075
> CPU features: detected: Spectre-v2
> CPU features: detected: ARM errata 1165522, 1319367, or 1530923
> Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 257536
> Kernel command line: root=/dev/vda rw console=ttyAMA0,115200
> Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes, linear)
> Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes, linear)
> mem auto-init: stack:off, heap alloc:off, heap free:off
> Memory: 1011284K/1046528K available (6592K kernel code, 804K rwdata, 1460K rodata, 1088K init, 321K bss, 35244K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
> SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
> rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
> rcu: RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=256 to nr_cpu_ids=1.
> rcu: RCU calculated value of scheduler-enlistment delay is 25 jiffies.
> rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=1
> NR_IRQS: 64, nr_irqs: 64, preallocated irqs: 0
> GICv2m: range[mem 0x08020000-0x08020fff], SPI[80:143]
> random: get_random_bytes called from start_kernel+0x340/0x53c with crng_init=0
> arch_timer: cp15 timer(s) running at 62.50MHz (virt).
> clocksource: arch_sys_counter: mask: 0xffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1cd42e208c, max_idle_ns: 881590405314 ns
> sched_clock: 56 bits at 62MHz, resolution 16ns, wraps every 4398046511096ns
> Console: colour dummy device 80x25
> Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 125.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=250000)
> pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
> Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)
> Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)
> rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
> Remapping and enabling EFI services.
> smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
> smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU
> SMP: Total of 1 processors activated.
> CPU features: detected: 32-bit EL0 Support
> CPU features: detected: CRC32 instructions
> CPU: All CPU(s) started at EL1
> alternatives: patching kernel code
> devtmpfs: initialized
> clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns
> futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)
> SMBIOS 3.0.0 present.
> DMI: QEMU QEMU Virtual Machine, BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015
> NET: Registered protocol family 16
> DMA: preallocated 128 KiB GFP_KERNEL pool for atomic allocations
> DMA: preallocated 128 KiB GFP_KERNEL|GFP_DMA pool for atomic allocations
> DMA: preallocated 128 KiB GFP_KERNEL|GFP_DMA32 pool for atomic allocations
> hw-breakpoint: found 6 breakpoint and 4 watchpoint registers.
> ASID allocator initialised with 65536 entries
> Serial: AMBA PL011 UART driver
> 9000000.pl011: ttyAMA0 at MMIO 0x9000000 (irq = 46, base_baud = 0) is a PL011 rev1
> printk: console [ttyAMA0] enabled
> iommu: Default domain type: Translated
> vgaarb: loaded
> SCSI subsystem initialized
> Registered efivars operations
> clocksource: Switched to clocksource arch_sys_counter
> NET: Registered protocol family 2
> tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear)
> TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear)
> TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 5, 131072 bytes, linear)
> TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
> UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)
> UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)
> NET: Registered protocol family 1
> PCI: CLS 0 bytes, default 64
> hw perfevents: enabled with armv8_pmuv3 PMU driver, 5 counters available
> workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=18 bucket_order=0
> fuse: init (API version 7.33)
> Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 251)
> io scheduler mq-deadline registered
> io scheduler kyber registered
> pci-host-generic 4010000000.pcie: host bridge /pcie@10000000 ranges:
> pci-host-generic 4010000000.pcie: IO 0x003eff0000..0x003effffff -> 0x0000000000
> pci-host-generic 4010000000.pcie: MEM 0x0010000000..0x003efeffff -> 0x0010000000
> pci-host-generic 4010000000.pcie: MEM 0x8000000000..0xffffffffff -> 0x8000000000
> pci-host-generic 4010000000.pcie: Memory resource size exceeds max for 32 bits
> pci-host-generic 4010000000.pcie: ECAM at [mem 0x4010000000-0x401fffffff] for [bus 00-ff]
> pci-host-generic 4010000000.pcie: PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00
> pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff]
> pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0000-0xffff]
> pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x10000000-0x3efeffff]
> pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x8000000000-0xffffffffff]
> pci 0000:00:00.0: [1b36:0008] type 00 class 0x060000
> pci 0000:00:01.0: [1af4:1000] type 00 class 0x020000
> pci 0000:00:01.0: reg 0x10: [io 0x0080-0x009f]
> pci 0000:00:01.0: reg 0x14: [mem 0x10001000-0x10001fff]
> pci 0000:00:01.0: reg 0x20: [mem 0x8000000000-0x8000003fff 64bit pref]
> pci 0000:00:01.0: reg 0x30: [mem 0xfffc0000-0xffffffff pref]
> pci 0000:00:02.0: [1af4:1001] type 00 class 0x010000
> pci 0000:00:02.0: reg 0x10: [io 0x0000-0x007f]
> pci 0000:00:02.0: reg 0x14: [mem 0x10000000-0x10000fff]
> pci 0000:00:02.0: reg 0x20: [mem 0x8000004000-0x8000007fff 64bit pref]
> pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 6: assigned [mem 0x10000000-0x1003ffff pref]
> pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 4: assigned [mem 0x8000000000-0x8000003fff 64bit pref]
> pci 0000:00:02.0: BAR 4: assigned [mem 0x8000004000-0x8000007fff 64bit pref]
> pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 1: assigned [mem 0x10040000-0x10040fff]
> pci 0000:00:02.0: BAR 1: assigned [mem 0x10041000-0x10041fff]
> pci 0000:00:02.0: BAR 0: assigned [io 0x1000-0x107f]
> pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 0: assigned [io 0x1080-0x109f]
> virtio-pci 0000:00:01.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0003)
> virtio-pci 0000:00:02.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0003)
> cacheinfo: Unable to detect cache hierarchy for CPU 0
> virtio_blk virtio1: [vda] 122880 512-byte logical blocks (62.9 MB/60.0 MiB)
> SMCCC: SOC_ID: ARCH_FEATURES(ARCH_SOC_ID) returned error: fffffffffffffffd
> NET: Registered protocol family 10
> Segment Routing with IPv6
> sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver
> NET: Registered protocol family 17
> NET: Registered protocol family 15
> NET: Registered protocol family 40
> registered taskstats version 1
> EXT4-fs (vda): recovery complete
> EXT4-fs (vda): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null). Quota mode: disabled.
> VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) on device 254:0.
> devtmpfs: mounted
> Freeing unused kernel memory: 1088K
> Run /sbin/init as init process
> mount: you must be root
> mount: you must be root
> mkdir: can't create directory '/dev/pts': Permission denied
> mkdir: can't create directory '/dev/shm': Permission denied
> mount: you must be root
> hostname: sethostname: Operation not permitted
> Starting syslogd: OK
> Starting klogd: OK
> Running sysctl: OK
> Initializing random number generator: OK
> Saving random seed: random: dd: uninitialized urandom read (512 bytes read)
> OK
> Starting network: ip: RTNETLINK answers: Operation not permitted
> ip: SIOCSIFFLAGS: Operation not permitted
> sed: /proc/mounts: No such file or directory
> Waiting for interface eth0 to appear............... timeout!
> run-parts: /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/wait_iface: exit status 1
> FAIL
> can't open /dev/ttyAMA0: Permission denied
> can't open /dev/ttyAMA0: Permission denied
> can't open /dev/ttyAMA0: Permission denied
> can't open /dev/ttyAMA0: Permission denied
>
> And it continues...
>
> The qemu command I got did not work "as it is" and because I'm neither too
> proficient with qemu nor aarch64, it took a while to get something usable.
> This is my current qemu command:
>
> qemu-system-aarch64 -nographic -s -machine virt,secure=on -cpu cortex-a57 \
> -kernel ~/Projects/tpm/buildroot/output/images/Image \
> -no-acpi \
> -append 'root=/dev/vda rw console=ttyAMA0,115200 ' \
> -drive file=~/Projects/tpm/buildroot/output/images/rootfs.ext4,format=raw \
> -smp 1 \
> -monitor telnet:127.0.0.1:55555,server,nowait \
> -m 1024 -bios ~/Projects/tpm/fw/aarch64-fw.bin -d unimp
>
> Then I start QEMU monitor from another terminal with:
>
> socat tcp-connect:127.0.0.1:55555 file:`tty`,raw,echo=0
>
> So... what could be the issue with permissions?

NOTE: aarch64-fw.bin is the binary file for FW that you provided. I just renamed it.

/Jarkko