[PATCH 1/3] kfence: await for allocation using wait_event

[Marco Elver]

On mostly-idle systems, we have observed that toggle_allocation_gate()
is a cause of frequent wake-ups, preventing an otherwise idle CPU to go
into a lower power state.

A late change in KFENCE's development, due to a potential deadlock [1],
required changing the scheduling-friendly wait_event_timeout() and
wake_up() to an open-coded wait-loop using schedule_timeout().
[1] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/000000000000c0645805b7f982e4@xxxxxxxxxx

To avoid unnecessary wake-ups, switch to using wait_event_timeout().

Unfortunately, we still cannot use a version with direct wake_up() in
__kfence_alloc() due to the same potential for deadlock as in [1].
Instead, add a level of indirection via an irq_work that is scheduled if
we determine that the kfence_timer requires a wake_up().

Fixes: 0ce20dd84089 ("mm: add Kernel Electric-Fence infrastructure")
Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
 lib/Kconfig.kfence |  1 +
 mm/kfence/core.c   | 58 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------
 2 files changed, 43 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/Kconfig.kfence b/lib/Kconfig.kfence
index 78f50ccb3b45..e641add33947 100644
--- a/lib/Kconfig.kfence
+++ b/lib/Kconfig.kfence
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ menuconfig KFENCE
 	bool "KFENCE: low-overhead sampling-based memory safety error detector"
 	depends on HAVE_ARCH_KFENCE && (SLAB || SLUB)
 	select STACKTRACE
+	select IRQ_WORK
 	help
 	  KFENCE is a low-overhead sampling-based detector of heap out-of-bounds
 	  access, use-after-free, and invalid-free errors. KFENCE is designed
diff --git a/mm/kfence/core.c b/mm/kfence/core.c
index 768dbd58170d..5f0a56041549 100644
--- a/mm/kfence/core.c
+++ b/mm/kfence/core.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <linux/atomic.h>
 #include <linux/bug.h>
 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
+#include <linux/irq_work.h>
 #include <linux/kcsan-checks.h>
 #include <linux/kfence.h>
 #include <linux/kmemleak.h>
@@ -587,6 +588,20 @@ late_initcall(kfence_debugfs_init);
 
 /* === Allocation Gate Timer ================================================ */
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_KFENCE_STATIC_KEYS
+/* Wait queue to wake up allocation-gate timer task. */
+static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(allocation_wait);
+
+static void wake_up_kfence_timer(struct irq_work *work)
+{
+	wake_up(&allocation_wait);
+}
+static DEFINE_IRQ_WORK(wake_up_kfence_timer_work, wake_up_kfence_timer);
+
+/* Indicate if timer task is waiting, to avoid unnecessary irq_work. */
+static bool kfence_timer_waiting;
+#endif
+
 /*
  * Set up delayed work, which will enable and disable the static key. We need to
  * use a work queue (rather than a simple timer), since enabling and disabling a
@@ -604,25 +619,16 @@ static void toggle_allocation_gate(struct work_struct *work)
 	if (!READ_ONCE(kfence_enabled))
 		return;
 
-	/* Enable static key, and await allocation to happen. */
 	atomic_set(&kfence_allocation_gate, 0);
 #ifdef CONFIG_KFENCE_STATIC_KEYS
+	/* Enable static key, and await allocation to happen. */
 	static_branch_enable(&kfence_allocation_key);
-	/*
-	 * Await an allocation. Timeout after 1 second, in case the kernel stops
-	 * doing allocations, to avoid stalling this worker task for too long.
-	 */
-	{
-		unsigned long end_wait = jiffies + HZ;
-
-		do {
-			set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
-			if (atomic_read(&kfence_allocation_gate) != 0)
-				break;
-			schedule_timeout(1);
-		} while (time_before(jiffies, end_wait));
-		__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
-	}
+
+	WRITE_ONCE(kfence_timer_waiting, true);
+	smp_mb(); /* See comment in __kfence_alloc(). */
+	wait_event_timeout(allocation_wait, atomic_read(&kfence_allocation_gate), HZ);
+	smp_store_release(&kfence_timer_waiting, false); /* Order after wait_event(). */
+
 	/* Disable static key and reset timer. */
 	static_branch_disable(&kfence_allocation_key);
 #endif
@@ -729,6 +735,26 @@ void *__kfence_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s, size_t size, gfp_t flags)
 	 */
 	if (atomic_read(&kfence_allocation_gate) || atomic_inc_return(&kfence_allocation_gate) > 1)
 		return NULL;
+#ifdef CONFIG_KFENCE_STATIC_KEYS
+	/*
+	 * Read of kfence_timer_waiting must be ordered after write to
+	 * kfence_allocation_gate (fully ordered per atomic_inc_return()).
+	 *
+	 * Conversely, the write to kfence_timer_waiting must be ordered before
+	 * the check of kfence_allocation_gate in toggle_allocation_gate().
+	 *
+	 * This ensures that toggle_allocation_gate() always sees the updated
+	 * kfence_allocation_gate, or we see that the timer is waiting and will
+	 * queue the work to wake it up.
+	 */
+	if (READ_ONCE(kfence_timer_waiting)) {
+		/*
+		 * Calling wake_up() here may deadlock when allocations happen
+		 * from within timer code. Use an irq_work to defer it.
+		 */
+		irq_work_queue(&wake_up_kfence_timer_work);
+	}
+#endif
 
 	if (!READ_ONCE(kfence_enabled))
 		return NULL;
-- 
2.31.1.368.gbe11c130af-goog