RE: [Patch v5 0/3] Introduce a driver to support host accelerated access to Microsoft Azure Blob for Azure VM

[Long Li]

> Subject: Re: [Patch v5 0/3] Introduce a driver to support host accelerated
> access to Microsoft Azure Blob for Azure VM
> 
> On Thu, Sep 30, 2021 at 10:25:12PM +0000, Long Li wrote:
> > > Greg,
> > >
> > > I apologize for the delay. I have attached the Java transport
> > > library (a tgz file) in the email. The file is released for review under "The
> MIT License (MIT)".
> > >
> > > The transport library implemented functions needed for reading from
> > > a Block Blob using this driver. The function for transporting I/O is
> > > Java_com_azure_storage_fastpath_driver_FastpathDriver_read(),
> > > defined in "./src/fastpath/jni/fpjar_endpoint.cpp".
> > >
> > > In particular, requestParams is in JSON format (REST) that is passed
> > > from a Blob application using Blob API for reading from a Block Blob.
> > >
> > > For an example of how a Blob application using the transport
> > > library, please see Blob support for Hadoop ABFS:
> > >
> https://nam06.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgi
> > > th
> > >
> ub.com%2Fapache%2Fhadoop%2Fpull%2F3309%2Fcommits%2Fbe7d12662e2
> > >
> 3a13e6cf10cf1fa5e7eb109738e7d&data=04%7C01%7Clongli%40microsof
> > >
> t.com%7C3acb68c5fd6144a1857908d97e247376%7C72f988bf86f141af91ab2d7
> > >
> cd011db47%7C1%7C0%7C637679518802561720%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb
> > >
> 3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0
> > > %3D%7C1000&sdata=6z3ZXPtMC5OvF%2FgrtbcRdFlqzzR1xJNRxE2v2
> Qrx
> > > FL8%3D&reserved=0
> 
> Odd url :(
> 
> > > In ABFS, the entry point for using Blob I/O is at AbfsRestOperation
> > > executeRead() in hadoop-tools/hadoop-
> > >
> azure/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/azurebfs/services/AbfsInput
> > > Str eam.java, from line 553 to 564, this function eventually calls
> > > into
> > > executeFastpathRead() in hadoop-tools/hadoop-
> > > azure/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/azurebfs/services/AbfsClien
> > > t.ja
> > > va.
> > >
> > > ReadRequestParameters is the data that is passed to requestParams
> > > (described above) in the transport library. In this Blob application
> > > use-case, ReadRequestParameters has eTag and sessionInfo
> > > (sessionToken). They are both defined in this commit, and are
> > > treated as strings passed in JSON format to I/O issuing function
> > > Java_com_azure_storage_fastpath_driver_FastpathDriver_read() in the
> > > transport library using this driver.
> > >
> > > Thanks,
> > > Long
> >
> > Hello Greg,
> >
> > I have shared the source code of the Blob client using this driver, and the
> reason why the Azure Blob driver is not implemented through POSIX with file
> system and Block layer.
> 
> Please wrap your text lines...
> 
> Anyway, no, you showed a client for this interface, but you did not explain
> why this could not be implemented using a filesystem and block layer.  Only
> that it is not what you did.
> 
> > Blob APIs are specified in this doc:
> >
> https://nam06.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs
> > .microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Frest%2Fapi%2Fstorageservices%2Fblob-
> service-r
> > est-
> api&data=04%7C01%7Clongli%40microsoft.com%7C6a51f21c78a3413e63
> >
> 9d08d984ae2c58%7C72f988bf86f141af91ab2d7cd011db47%7C1%7C0%7C6376
> 867059
> >
> 24012728%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoi
> V2luMzIiL
> >
> CJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=ZiWmZ%2FpuQHNn
> dHNmnIWHO
> > yrXPSscNBbR6RvSr%2FCBuEY%3D&reserved=0
> >
> > The semantic of reading data from Blob is specified in this doc:
> >
> https://nam06.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs
> > .microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Frest%2Fapi%2Fstorageservices%2Fget-
> blob&d
> >
> ata=04%7C01%7Clongli%40microsoft.com%7C6a51f21c78a3413e639d08d984a
> e2c5
> >
> 8%7C72f988bf86f141af91ab2d7cd011db47%7C1%7C0%7C63768670592401272
> 8%7CUn
> >
> known%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6
> Ik1haW
> >
> wiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=xqUObAdYkFf8efSRuK%2FOXm%2
> BRd%2FCiBI
> > 0BjNfx9YpkGN0%3D&reserved=0
> >
> > The source code I shared demonstrated how a Blob is read to Hadoop
> through ABFS. In general, A Blob client can use any optional request headers
> specified in the API suitable for its specific application. The Azure Blob service
> is not designed to be POSIX compliant. I hope this answers your question on
> why this driver is not implemented at file system or block layer.
> 
> 
> Again, you are saying "it is this way because we created it this way", which
> does not answer the question of "why were you required to do it this way",
> right?
> 
> > Do you have more comments on this driver?
> 
> Again, please answer _why_ you are going around the block layer and
> creating a new api that circumvents all of the interfaces and protections that
> the normal file system layer provides.  What is lacking in the existing apis that
> has required you to create a new one that is incompatible with everything
> that has ever existed so far?
> 
> thanks,
> 
> greg k-h

Hello Greg,

Azure Blob is massively scalable and secure object storage designed for cloud native 
workloads. Many of its features are not possible to implement through POSIX file 
system. Please find some of them below:
 
For read and write API calls (for both data and metadata) Conditional Support 
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/storageservices/specifying-conditional-headers-for-blob-service-operations) 
is supported by Azure Blob. Every change will result in an update to the Last Modified 
Time (== ETag) of the changed file and customers can use If-Modified-Since, If-Unmodified-Since, 
If-Match, and If-None-Match conditions. Furthermore, almost all APIs support this 
since customers require fine-grained and complete control via these conditions. It 
is not possible/practical to implement Conditional Support in POSIX filesystem.
 
The Blob API supports multiple write-modes of files with three different blob types: 
Block Blobs (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/storageservices/operations-on-block-blobs), 
Append Blobs, and Page Blobs. Block Blobs support very large file sizes (hundreds 
of TBs in a single file) and are more optimal for larger blocks, have two-phased 
commit protocol, block sharing, and application control over block identifiers. Block 
blobs support both uncommitted and committed data. Block blobs allow the user to 
stage a series of modifications, then atomically update the block list to incorporate 
multiple disjoint updates in one operation. This is not possible in POSIX filesystem.
 
Azure Blob supports Blob Tiers (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/blobs/access-tiers-overview). 
The "Archive" tier is not possible to implement in POSIX file system. To access data 
from an "Archive" tier, it needs to go through rehydration (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/blobs/archive-rehydrate-overview) 
to become "Cool" or "Hot" tier. Note that the customer requirement for tiers is that 
they do not change what URI, endpoint, or file/folder they access at all - same endpoint, 
same file path is a must requirement. There is no POSIX semantics to describe Archive 
and Rehydration, while maintaining the same path for the data.
 
The Azure Blob feature Customer Provided Keys (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/blobs/encryption-customer-provided-keys) 
provides different encryption key for data at a per-request level. It's not possible 
to inject this into POSIX filesystem and it is a critical security feature for customers 
requiring higher level of security such as the Finance industry customers. There 
exists file-level metadata implementation that indicates info about the encryption 
as well. Note that encryption at file/folder level or higher granularity does not 
meet such customers' needs - not just on individual customer requirements but also 
related financial regulations.
 
The Immutable Storage (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/blobs/immutable-storage-overview) 
feature is not possible with POSIX filesystem. This provides WORM (Write-Once Read-Many) 
guarantees on data where it is impossible (regardless of access control, i.e. even 
the highest level administrator/root) to modify/delete data until a certain interval 
has passed; it also includes features such as Legal Hold. Note that per the industry 
and security requirements, the store must enforce these WORM and Legal Hold aspects 
directly, it cannot be done with access control mechanisms or enforcing this at the 
various endpoints that access the data.
  
Blob Index (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/blobs/storage-manage-find-blobs) 
which provides multi-dimensions secondary indexing on user-settable blob tags (metadata) 
is not possible to accomplish in POSIX filesystem. The indexing engine needs to incorporate 
with Storage access control integration, Lifecycle retention integration, runtime 
API call conditions, it's not possible to support in the filesystem itself; in other 
words, it cannot be done as a side-car or higher level service without compromising 
on the customer requirements for Blob Index. Related Blob APIs for this are Set Blob 
Tags (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/storageservices/set-blob-tags) and 
Find Blob by Tags (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/storageservices/find-blobs-by-tags).

Thanks,

Long