[PATCH] PM: sleep: Avoid calling put_device() under dpm_list_mtx

From: Rafael J. Wysocki
Date: Thu Nov 04 2021 - 13:26:44 EST


From: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@xxxxxxxxx>

It is generally unsafe to call put_device() with dpm_list_mtx held,
because the given device's release routine may carry out an action
depending on that lock which then may deadlock, so modify the
system-wide suspend and resume of devices to always drop dpm_list_mtx
before calling put_device() (and adjust white space somewhat while
at it).

For instance, this prevents the following splat from showing up in
the kernel log after a system resume in certain configurations:

[ 3290.969514] ======================================================
[ 3290.969517] WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
[ 3290.969519] 5.15.0+ #2420 Tainted: G S
[ 3290.969523] ------------------------------------------------------
[ 3290.969525] systemd-sleep/4553 is trying to acquire lock:
[ 3290.969529] ffff888117ab1138 ((wq_completion)hci0#2){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: flush_workqueue+0x87/0x4a0
[ 3290.969554]
but task is already holding lock:
[ 3290.969556] ffffffff8280fca8 (dpm_list_mtx){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: dpm_resume+0x12e/0x3e0
[ 3290.969571]
which lock already depends on the new lock.

[ 3290.969573]
the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:
[ 3290.969575]
-> #3 (dpm_list_mtx){+.+.}-{3:3}:
[ 3290.969583] __mutex_lock+0x9d/0xa30
[ 3290.969591] device_pm_add+0x2e/0xe0
[ 3290.969597] device_add+0x4d5/0x8f0
[ 3290.969605] hci_conn_add_sysfs+0x43/0xb0 [bluetooth]
[ 3290.969689] hci_conn_complete_evt.isra.71+0x124/0x750 [bluetooth]
[ 3290.969747] hci_event_packet+0xd6c/0x28a0 [bluetooth]
[ 3290.969798] hci_rx_work+0x213/0x640 [bluetooth]
[ 3290.969842] process_one_work+0x2aa/0x650
[ 3290.969851] worker_thread+0x39/0x400
[ 3290.969859] kthread+0x142/0x170
[ 3290.969865] ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30
[ 3290.969872]
-> #2 (&hdev->lock){+.+.}-{3:3}:
[ 3290.969881] __mutex_lock+0x9d/0xa30
[ 3290.969887] hci_event_packet+0xba/0x28a0 [bluetooth]
[ 3290.969935] hci_rx_work+0x213/0x640 [bluetooth]
[ 3290.969978] process_one_work+0x2aa/0x650
[ 3290.969985] worker_thread+0x39/0x400
[ 3290.969993] kthread+0x142/0x170
[ 3290.969999] ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30
[ 3290.970004]
-> #1 ((work_completion)(&hdev->rx_work)){+.+.}-{0:0}:
[ 3290.970013] process_one_work+0x27d/0x650
[ 3290.970020] worker_thread+0x39/0x400
[ 3290.970028] kthread+0x142/0x170
[ 3290.970033] ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30
[ 3290.970038]
-> #0 ((wq_completion)hci0#2){+.+.}-{0:0}:
[ 3290.970047] __lock_acquire+0x15cb/0x1b50
[ 3290.970054] lock_acquire+0x26c/0x300
[ 3290.970059] flush_workqueue+0xae/0x4a0
[ 3290.970066] drain_workqueue+0xa1/0x130
[ 3290.970073] destroy_workqueue+0x34/0x1f0
[ 3290.970081] hci_release_dev+0x49/0x180 [bluetooth]
[ 3290.970130] bt_host_release+0x1d/0x30 [bluetooth]
[ 3290.970195] device_release+0x33/0x90
[ 3290.970201] kobject_release+0x63/0x160
[ 3290.970211] dpm_resume+0x164/0x3e0
[ 3290.970215] dpm_resume_end+0xd/0x20
[ 3290.970220] suspend_devices_and_enter+0x1a4/0xba0
[ 3290.970229] pm_suspend+0x26b/0x310
[ 3290.970236] state_store+0x42/0x90
[ 3290.970243] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x135/0x1b0
[ 3290.970251] new_sync_write+0x125/0x1c0
[ 3290.970257] vfs_write+0x360/0x3c0
[ 3290.970263] ksys_write+0xa7/0xe0
[ 3290.970269] do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x80
[ 3290.970276] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
[ 3290.970284]
other info that might help us debug this:

[ 3290.970285] Chain exists of:
(wq_completion)hci0#2 --> &hdev->lock --> dpm_list_mtx

[ 3290.970297] Possible unsafe locking scenario:

[ 3290.970299] CPU0 CPU1
[ 3290.970300] ---- ----
[ 3290.970302] lock(dpm_list_mtx);
[ 3290.970306] lock(&hdev->lock);
[ 3290.970310] lock(dpm_list_mtx);
[ 3290.970314] lock((wq_completion)hci0#2);
[ 3290.970319]
*** DEADLOCK ***

[ 3290.970321] 7 locks held by systemd-sleep/4553:
[ 3290.970325] #0: ffff888103bcd448 (sb_writers#4){.+.+}-{0:0}, at: ksys_write+0xa7/0xe0
[ 3290.970341] #1: ffff888115a14488 (&of->mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x103/0x1b0
[ 3290.970355] #2: ffff888100f719e0 (kn->active#233){.+.+}-{0:0}, at: kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x10c/0x1b0
[ 3290.970369] #3: ffffffff82661048 (autosleep_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: state_store+0x12/0x90
[ 3290.970384] #4: ffffffff82658ac8 (system_transition_mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: pm_suspend+0x9f/0x310
[ 3290.970399] #5: ffffffff827f2a48 (acpi_scan_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: acpi_suspend_begin+0x4c/0x80
[ 3290.970416] #6: ffffffff8280fca8 (dpm_list_mtx){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: dpm_resume+0x12e/0x3e0
[ 3290.970428]
stack backtrace:
[ 3290.970431] CPU: 3 PID: 4553 Comm: systemd-sleep Tainted: G S 5.15.0+ #2420
[ 3290.970438] Hardware name: Dell Inc. XPS 13 9380/0RYJWW, BIOS 1.5.0 06/03/2019
[ 3290.970441] Call Trace:
[ 3290.970446] dump_stack_lvl+0x44/0x57
[ 3290.970454] check_noncircular+0x105/0x120
[ 3290.970468] ? __lock_acquire+0x15cb/0x1b50
[ 3290.970474] __lock_acquire+0x15cb/0x1b50
[ 3290.970487] lock_acquire+0x26c/0x300
[ 3290.970493] ? flush_workqueue+0x87/0x4a0
[ 3290.970503] ? __raw_spin_lock_init+0x3b/0x60
[ 3290.970510] ? lockdep_init_map_type+0x58/0x240
[ 3290.970519] flush_workqueue+0xae/0x4a0
[ 3290.970526] ? flush_workqueue+0x87/0x4a0
[ 3290.970544] ? drain_workqueue+0xa1/0x130
[ 3290.970552] drain_workqueue+0xa1/0x130
[ 3290.970561] destroy_workqueue+0x34/0x1f0
[ 3290.970572] hci_release_dev+0x49/0x180 [bluetooth]
[ 3290.970624] bt_host_release+0x1d/0x30 [bluetooth]
[ 3290.970687] device_release+0x33/0x90
[ 3290.970695] kobject_release+0x63/0x160
[ 3290.970705] dpm_resume+0x164/0x3e0
[ 3290.970710] ? dpm_resume_early+0x251/0x3b0
[ 3290.970718] dpm_resume_end+0xd/0x20
[ 3290.970723] suspend_devices_and_enter+0x1a4/0xba0
[ 3290.970737] pm_suspend+0x26b/0x310
[ 3290.970746] state_store+0x42/0x90
[ 3290.970755] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x135/0x1b0
[ 3290.970764] new_sync_write+0x125/0x1c0
[ 3290.970777] vfs_write+0x360/0x3c0
[ 3290.970785] ksys_write+0xa7/0xe0
[ 3290.970794] do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x80
[ 3290.970803] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
[ 3290.970811] RIP: 0033:0x7f41b1328164
[ 3290.970819] Code: 00 f7 d8 64 89 02 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff eb b7 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 8b 05 4a d2 2c 00 48 63 ff 85 c0 75 13 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 54 f3 c3 66 90 55 53 48 89 d5 48 89 f3 48 83
[ 3290.970824] RSP: 002b:00007ffe6ae21b28 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
[ 3290.970831] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000004 RCX: 00007f41b1328164
[ 3290.970836] RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 000055965e651070 RDI: 0000000000000004
[ 3290.970839] RBP: 000055965e651070 R08: 000055965e64f390 R09: 00007f41b1e3d1c0
[ 3290.970843] R10: 000000000000000a R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000004
[ 3290.970846] R13: 0000000000000001 R14: 000055965e64f2b0 R15: 0000000000000004

Cc: All applicable <stable@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@xxxxxxxxx>
---
drivers/base/power/main.c | 84 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------
1 file changed, 57 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)

Index: linux-pm/drivers/base/power/main.c
===================================================================
--- linux-pm.orig/drivers/base/power/main.c
+++ linux-pm/drivers/base/power/main.c
@@ -710,6 +710,7 @@ static void dpm_noirq_resume_devices(pm_
dev = to_device(dpm_noirq_list.next);
get_device(dev);
list_move_tail(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_late_early_list);
+
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);

if (!is_async(dev)) {
@@ -724,8 +725,9 @@ static void dpm_noirq_resume_devices(pm_
}
}

- mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
put_device(dev);
+
+ mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
}
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
async_synchronize_full();
@@ -849,6 +851,7 @@ void dpm_resume_early(pm_message_t state
dev = to_device(dpm_late_early_list.next);
get_device(dev);
list_move_tail(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_suspended_list);
+
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);

if (!is_async(dev)) {
@@ -862,8 +865,10 @@ void dpm_resume_early(pm_message_t state
pm_dev_err(dev, state, " early", error);
}
}
- mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+
put_device(dev);
+
+ mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
}
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
async_synchronize_full();
@@ -1026,7 +1031,12 @@ void dpm_resume(pm_message_t state)
}
if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
list_move_tail(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_prepared_list);
+
+ mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+
put_device(dev);
+
+ mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
}
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
async_synchronize_full();
@@ -1104,14 +1114,16 @@ void dpm_complete(pm_message_t state)
get_device(dev);
dev->power.is_prepared = false;
list_move(&dev->power.entry, &list);
+
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);

trace_device_pm_callback_start(dev, "", state.event);
device_complete(dev, state);
trace_device_pm_callback_end(dev, 0);

- mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
put_device(dev);
+
+ mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
}
list_splice(&list, &dpm_list);
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
@@ -1296,17 +1308,21 @@ static int dpm_noirq_suspend_devices(pm_
error = device_suspend_noirq(dev);

mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+
if (error) {
pm_dev_err(dev, state, " noirq", error);
dpm_save_failed_dev(dev_name(dev));
- put_device(dev);
- break;
- }
- if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
+ } else if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry)) {
list_move(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_noirq_list);
+ }
+
+ mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+
put_device(dev);

- if (async_error)
+ mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+
+ if (error || async_error)
break;
}
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
@@ -1471,23 +1487,28 @@ int dpm_suspend_late(pm_message_t state)
struct device *dev = to_device(dpm_suspended_list.prev);

get_device(dev);
+
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);

error = device_suspend_late(dev);

mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+
if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
list_move(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_late_early_list);

if (error) {
pm_dev_err(dev, state, " late", error);
dpm_save_failed_dev(dev_name(dev));
- put_device(dev);
- break;
}
+
+ mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+
put_device(dev);

- if (async_error)
+ mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+
+ if (error || async_error)
break;
}
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
@@ -1747,21 +1768,27 @@ int dpm_suspend(pm_message_t state)
struct device *dev = to_device(dpm_prepared_list.prev);

get_device(dev);
+
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);

error = device_suspend(dev);

mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+
if (error) {
pm_dev_err(dev, state, "", error);
dpm_save_failed_dev(dev_name(dev));
- put_device(dev);
- break;
- }
- if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
+ } else if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry)) {
list_move(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_suspended_list);
+ }
+
+ mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+
put_device(dev);
- if (async_error)
+
+ mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+
+ if (error || async_error)
break;
}
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
@@ -1878,6 +1905,7 @@ int dpm_prepare(pm_message_t state)
struct device *dev = to_device(dpm_list.next);

get_device(dev);
+
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);

trace_device_pm_callback_start(dev, "", state.event);
@@ -1885,21 +1913,23 @@ int dpm_prepare(pm_message_t state)
trace_device_pm_callback_end(dev, error);

mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
- if (error) {
- if (error == -EAGAIN) {
- put_device(dev);
- error = 0;
- continue;
- }
+
+ if (!error) {
+ dev->power.is_prepared = true;
+ if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
+ list_move_tail(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_prepared_list);
+ } else if (error == -EAGAIN) {
+ error = 0;
+ } else {
dev_info(dev, "not prepared for power transition: code %d\n",
error);
- put_device(dev);
- break;
}
- dev->power.is_prepared = true;
- if (!list_empty(&dev->power.entry))
- list_move_tail(&dev->power.entry, &dpm_prepared_list);
+
+ mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
+
put_device(dev);
+
+ mutex_lock(&dpm_list_mtx);
}
mutex_unlock(&dpm_list_mtx);
trace_suspend_resume(TPS("dpm_prepare"), state.event, false);