[PATCH v0.9.1 2/6] mm, x86/uaccess: add userspace atomic helpers

[Peter Oskolkov]

In addition to futexes needing to do atomic operations in the userspace,
a second use case is now in the works (UMCG, see
https://lore.kernel.org/all/20210917180323.278250-1-posk@xxxxxxxxxx/),
so a generic facility to perform these operations has been called for
(see https://lore.kernel.org/all/87ilyk9xc0.ffs@tglx/).

Add a set of generic helpers to perform 32/64-bit xchg and cmpxchg
operations in the userspace. Also implement the required
architecture-specific support on x86_64.

Signed-off-by: Peter Oskolkov <posk@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h |  93 +++++++++++
 include/linux/uaccess.h           |  46 ++++++
 mm/maccess.c                      | 264 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 403 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h
index 45697e04d771..41e2f96d3ec4 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_64.h
@@ -79,4 +79,97 @@ __copy_from_user_flushcache(void *dst, const void __user *src, unsigned size)
 	kasan_check_write(dst, size);
 	return __copy_user_flushcache(dst, src, size);
 }
+
+#define ARCH_HAS_ATOMIC_UACCESS_HELPERS 1
+
+static inline int __try_cmpxchg_user_32(u32 *uval, u32 __user *uaddr,
+						u32 oldval, u32 newval)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	asm volatile("\n"
+		"1:\t" LOCK_PREFIX "cmpxchgl %4, %2\n"
+		"2:\n"
+		"\t.section .fixup, \"ax\"\n"
+		"3:\tmov     %3, %0\n"
+		"\tjmp     2b\n"
+		"\t.previous\n"
+		_ASM_EXTABLE_UA(1b, 3b)
+		: "+r" (ret), "=a" (oldval), "+m" (*uaddr)
+		: "i" (-EFAULT), "r" (newval), "1" (oldval)
+		: "memory"
+	);
+	*uval = oldval;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static inline int __try_cmpxchg_user_64(u64 *uval, u64 __user *uaddr,
+						u64 oldval, u64 newval)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	asm volatile("\n"
+		"1:\t" LOCK_PREFIX "cmpxchgq %4, %2\n"
+		"2:\n"
+		"\t.section .fixup, \"ax\"\n"
+		"3:\tmov     %3, %0\n"
+		"\tjmp     2b\n"
+		"\t.previous\n"
+		_ASM_EXTABLE_UA(1b, 3b)
+		: "+r" (ret), "=a" (oldval), "+m" (*uaddr)
+		: "i" (-EFAULT), "r" (newval), "1" (oldval)
+		: "memory"
+	);
+	*uval = oldval;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static inline int __try_xchg_user_32(u32 *oval, u32 __user *uaddr, u32 newval)
+{
+	u32 oldval = 0;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	asm volatile("\n"
+		"1:\txchgl %0, %2\n"
+		"2:\n"
+		"\t.section .fixup, \"ax\"\n"
+		"3:\tmov     %3, %1\n"
+		"\tjmp     2b\n"
+		"\t.previous\n"
+		_ASM_EXTABLE_UA(1b, 3b)
+		: "=r" (oldval), "=r" (ret), "+m" (*uaddr)
+		: "i" (-EFAULT), "0" (newval), "1" (0)
+	);
+
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	*oval = oldval;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int __try_xchg_user_64(u64 *oval, u64 __user *uaddr, u64 newval)
+{
+	u64 oldval = 0;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	asm volatile("\n"
+		"1:\txchgq %0, %2\n"
+		"2:\n"
+		"\t.section .fixup, \"ax\"\n"
+		"3:\tmov     %3, %1\n"
+		"\tjmp     2b\n"
+		"\t.previous\n"
+		_ASM_EXTABLE_UA(1b, 3b)
+		: "=r" (oldval), "=r" (ret), "+m" (*uaddr)
+		: "i" (-EFAULT), "0" (newval), "1" (0)
+	);
+
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	*oval = oldval;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 #endif /* _ASM_X86_UACCESS_64_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/uaccess.h b/include/linux/uaccess.h
index ac0394087f7d..dcb3ac093075 100644
--- a/include/linux/uaccess.h
+++ b/include/linux/uaccess.h
@@ -408,4 +408,50 @@ void __noreturn usercopy_abort(const char *name, const char *detail,
 			       unsigned long len);
 #endif

+#ifdef ARCH_HAS_ATOMIC_UACCESS_HELPERS
+/**
+ * cmpxchg_user_[32|64][_nofault|]() - compare_exchange 32/64-bit values
+ * @uaddr:     Destination address, in user space;
+ * @curr_val:  Source address, in kernel space;
+ * @new_val:   The value to write to the destination address.
+ *
+ * This is the standard cmpxchg: atomically: compare *@uaddr to *@curr_val;
+ * if the values match, write @new_val to @uaddr, return 0; if the values
+ * do not match, write *@uaddr to @curr_val, return -EAGAIN.
+ *
+ * The _nofault versions don't fault and can be used in
+ * atomic/preempt-disabled contexts.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ * 0      : OK/success;
+ * -EINVAL: @uaddr is not properly aligned ('may fault' versions only);
+ * -EFAULT: memory access error (including mis-aligned @uaddr in _nofault);
+ * -EAGAIN: @old did not match.
+ */
+int cmpxchg_user_32_nofault(u32 __user *uaddr, u32 *curr_val, u32 new_val);
+int cmpxchg_user_64_nofault(u64 __user *uaddr, u64 *curr_val, u64 new_val);
+int cmpxchg_user_32(u32 __user *uaddr, u32 *curr_val, u32 new_val);
+int cmpxchg_user_64(u64 __user *uaddr, u64 *curr_val, u64 new_val);
+
+/**
+ * xchg_user_[32|64][_nofault|]() - exchange 32/64-bit values
+ * @uaddr:   Destination address, in user space;
+ * @val:     Source address, in kernel space.
+ *
+ * This is the standard atomic xchg: exchange values pointed to by @uaddr and @val.
+ *
+ * The _nofault versions don't fault and can be used in
+ * atomic/preempt-disabled contexts.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ * 0      : OK/success;
+ * -EINVAL: @uaddr is not properly aligned ('may fault' versions only);
+ * -EFAULT: memory access error (including mis-aligned @uaddr in _nofault).
+ */
+int xchg_user_32_nofault(u32 __user *uaddr, u32 *val);
+int xchg_user_64_nofault(u64 __user *uaddr, u64 *val);
+int xchg_user_32(u32 __user *uaddr, u32 *val);
+int xchg_user_64(u64 __user *uaddr, u64 *val);
+#endif		/* ARCH_HAS_ATOMIC_UACCESS_HELPERS */
+
 #endif		/* __LINUX_UACCESS_H__ */
diff --git a/mm/maccess.c b/mm/maccess.c
index d3f1a1f0b1c1..620556b11550 100644
--- a/mm/maccess.c
+++ b/mm/maccess.c
@@ -335,3 +335,267 @@ long strnlen_user_nofault(const void __user *unsafe_addr, long count)

 	return ret;
 }
+
+#ifdef ARCH_HAS_ATOMIC_UACCESS_HELPERS
+
+static int fix_pagefault(unsigned long uaddr, bool write_fault, int bytes)
+{
+	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
+	int ret;
+
+	mmap_read_lock(mm);
+	ret = fixup_user_fault(mm, uaddr, write_fault ? FAULT_FLAG_WRITE : 0,
+			NULL);
+	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
+
+	return ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
+}
+
+int cmpxchg_user_32_nofault(u32 __user *uaddr, u32 *curr_val, u32 new_val)
+{
+	int ret = -EFAULT;
+	u32 __old = *curr_val;
+
+	if (unlikely(!access_ok(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr))))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	pagefault_disable();
+
+	if (!user_access_begin(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr))) {
+		pagefault_enable();
+		return -EFAULT;
+	}
+	ret = __try_cmpxchg_user_32(curr_val, uaddr, __old, new_val);
+	user_access_end();
+
+	if (!ret)
+		ret =  *curr_val == __old ? 0 : -EAGAIN;
+
+	pagefault_enable();
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int cmpxchg_user_64_nofault(u64 __user *uaddr, u64 *curr_val, u64 new_val)
+{
+	int ret = -EFAULT;
+	u64 __old = *curr_val;
+
+	if (unlikely(!access_ok(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr))))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	pagefault_disable();
+
+	if (!user_access_begin(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr))) {
+		pagefault_enable();
+		return -EFAULT;
+	}
+	ret = __try_cmpxchg_user_64(curr_val, uaddr, __old, new_val);
+	user_access_end();
+
+	if (!ret)
+		ret =  *curr_val == __old ? 0 : -EAGAIN;
+
+	pagefault_enable();
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int cmpxchg_user_32(u32 __user *uaddr, u32 *curr_val, u32 new_val)
+{
+	int ret = -EFAULT;
+	u32 __old = *curr_val;
+
+	/* Validate proper alignment. */
+	if (unlikely(((unsigned long)uaddr % sizeof(*uaddr)) ||
+			((unsigned long)curr_val % sizeof(*curr_val))))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (unlikely(!access_ok(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr))))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	pagefault_disable();
+
+	while (true) {
+		ret = -EFAULT;
+		if (!user_access_begin(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr)))
+			break;
+
+		ret = __try_cmpxchg_user_32(curr_val, uaddr, __old, new_val);
+		user_access_end();
+
+		if (!ret) {
+			ret =  *curr_val == __old ? 0 : -EAGAIN;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (fix_pagefault((unsigned long)uaddr, true, sizeof(*uaddr)) < 0)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	pagefault_enable();
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int cmpxchg_user_64(u64 __user *uaddr, u64 *curr_val, u64 new_val)
+{
+	int ret = -EFAULT;
+	u64 __old = *curr_val;
+
+	/* Validate proper alignment. */
+	if (unlikely(((unsigned long)uaddr % sizeof(*uaddr)) ||
+			((unsigned long)curr_val % sizeof(*curr_val))))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (unlikely(!access_ok(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr))))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	pagefault_disable();
+
+	while (true) {
+		ret = -EFAULT;
+		if (!user_access_begin(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr)))
+			break;
+
+		ret = __try_cmpxchg_user_64(curr_val, uaddr, __old, new_val);
+		user_access_end();
+
+		if (!ret) {
+			ret =  *curr_val == __old ? 0 : -EAGAIN;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (fix_pagefault((unsigned long)uaddr, true, sizeof(*uaddr)) < 0)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	pagefault_enable();
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * xchg_user_[32|64][_nofault|]() - exchange 32/64-bit values
+ * @uaddr:   Destination address, in user space;
+ * @val:     Source address, in kernel space.
+ *
+ * This is the standard atomic xchg: exchange values pointed to by @uaddr and @val.
+ *
+ * The _nofault versions don't fault and can be used in
+ * atomic/preempt-disabled contexts.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ * 0      : OK/success;
+ * -EINVAL: @uaddr is not properly aligned ('may fault' versions only);
+ * -EFAULT: memory access error (including mis-aligned @uaddr in _nofault).
+ */
+int xchg_user_32_nofault(u32 __user *uaddr, u32 *val)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (unlikely(!access_ok(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr))))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	pagefault_disable();
+
+	if (!user_access_begin(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr))) {
+		pagefault_enable();
+		return -EFAULT;
+	}
+
+	ret = __try_xchg_user_32(val, uaddr, *val);
+	user_access_end();
+
+	pagefault_enable();
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int xchg_user_64_nofault(u64 __user *uaddr, u64 *val)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (unlikely(!access_ok(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr))))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	pagefault_disable();
+
+	if (!user_access_begin(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr))) {
+		pagefault_enable();
+		return -EFAULT;
+	}
+
+	ret = __try_xchg_user_64(val, uaddr, *val);
+	user_access_end();
+
+	pagefault_enable();
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int xchg_user_32(u32 __user *uaddr, u32 *val)
+{
+	int ret = -EFAULT;
+
+	/* Validate proper alignment. */
+	if (unlikely(((unsigned long)uaddr % sizeof(*uaddr)) ||
+			((unsigned long)val % sizeof(*val))))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (unlikely(!access_ok(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr))))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	pagefault_disable();
+
+	while (true) {
+		ret = -EFAULT;
+		if (!user_access_begin(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr)))
+			break;
+
+		ret = __try_xchg_user_32(val, uaddr, *val);
+		user_access_end();
+
+		if (!ret)
+			break;
+
+		if (fix_pagefault((unsigned long)uaddr, true, sizeof(*uaddr)) < 0)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	pagefault_enable();
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int xchg_user_64(u64 __user *uaddr, u64 *val)
+{
+	int ret = -EFAULT;
+
+	/* Validate proper alignment. */
+	if (unlikely(((unsigned long)uaddr % sizeof(*uaddr)) ||
+			((unsigned long)val % sizeof(*val))))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (unlikely(!access_ok(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr))))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	pagefault_disable();
+
+	while (true) {
+		ret = -EFAULT;
+		if (!user_access_begin(uaddr, sizeof(*uaddr)))
+			break;
+
+		ret = __try_xchg_user_64(val, uaddr, *val);
+		user_access_end();
+
+		if (!ret)
+			break;
+
+		if (fix_pagefault((unsigned long)uaddr, true, sizeof(*uaddr)) < 0)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	pagefault_enable();
+
+	return ret;
+}
+#endif		/* ARCH_HAS_ATOMIC_UACCESS_HELPERS */
--
2.25.1