[PATCH v12 7/7] fsdax: set a CoW flag when associate reflink mappings

[Shiyang Ruan]

Introduce a PAGE_MAPPING_DAX_COW flag to support association with CoW file
mappings.  In this case, since the dax-rmap has already took the
responsibility to look up for shared files by given dax page,
the page->mapping is no longer to used for rmap but for marking that
this dax page is shared.  And to make sure disassociation works fine, we
use page->index as refcount, and clear page->mapping to the initial
state when page->index is decreased to 0.

With the help of this new flag, it is able to distinguish normal case
and CoW case, and keep the warning in normal case.

==
PS: The @cow added for dax_associate_entry(), is used to let it know
whether the entry is to be shared during iomap operation.  It is decided
by iomap,srcmap's flag, and will be used in another patchset(
fsdax,xfs: Add reflink&dedupe support for fsdax[1]).

In this patch, we set @cow always false for now.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-xfs/20210928062311.4012070-1-ruansy.fnst@xxxxxxxxxxx/
==

Signed-off-by: Shiyang Ruan <ruansy.fnst@xxxxxxxxxxx>
---
 fs/dax.c                   | 65 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 include/linux/page-flags.h |  6 ++++
 2 files changed, 62 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/dax.c b/fs/dax.c
index 57efd3f73655..2c2958425b95 100644
--- a/fs/dax.c
+++ b/fs/dax.c
@@ -334,13 +334,46 @@ static unsigned long dax_end_pfn(void *entry)
 	for (pfn = dax_to_pfn(entry); \
 			pfn < dax_end_pfn(entry); pfn++)
 
+static inline void dax_mapping_set_cow_flag(struct address_space **mapping)
+{
+	*mapping = (struct address_space *)PAGE_MAPPING_DAX_COW;
+}
+
+static inline bool dax_mapping_is_cow(struct address_space *mapping)
+{
+	return (unsigned long)mapping == PAGE_MAPPING_DAX_COW;
+}
+
 /*
- * TODO: for reflink+dax we need a way to associate a single page with
- * multiple address_space instances at different linear_page_index()
- * offsets.
+ * Set or Update the page->mapping with FS_DAX_MAPPING_COW flag.
+ * Return true if it is an Update.
+ */
+static inline bool dax_mapping_set_cow(struct page *page)
+{
+	if (page->mapping) {
+		/* flag already set */
+		if (dax_mapping_is_cow(page->mapping))
+			return false;
+
+		/*
+		 * This page has been mapped even before it is shared, just
+		 * need to set this FS_DAX_MAPPING_COW flag.
+		 */
+		dax_mapping_set_cow_flag(&page->mapping);
+		return true;
+	}
+	/* Newly associate CoW mapping */
+	dax_mapping_set_cow_flag(&page->mapping);
+	return false;
+}
+
+/*
+ * When it is called in dax_insert_entry(), the cow flag will indicate that
+ * whether this entry is shared by multiple files.  If so, set the page->mapping
+ * to be FS_DAX_MAPPING_COW, and use page->index as refcount.
  */
 static void dax_associate_entry(void *entry, struct address_space *mapping,
-		struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address)
+		struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address, bool cow)
 {
 	unsigned long size = dax_entry_size(entry), pfn, index;
 	int i = 0;
@@ -352,9 +385,17 @@ static void dax_associate_entry(void *entry, struct address_space *mapping,
 	for_each_mapped_pfn(entry, pfn) {
 		struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
 
-		WARN_ON_ONCE(page->mapping);
-		page->mapping = mapping;
-		page->index = index + i++;
+		if (cow) {
+			if (dax_mapping_set_cow(page)) {
+				/* Was normal, now updated to CoW */
+				page->index = 2;
+			} else
+				page->index++;
+		} else {
+			WARN_ON_ONCE(page->mapping);
+			page->mapping = mapping;
+			page->index = index + i++;
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -370,7 +411,12 @@ static void dax_disassociate_entry(void *entry, struct address_space *mapping,
 		struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
 
 		WARN_ON_ONCE(trunc && page_ref_count(page) > 1);
-		WARN_ON_ONCE(page->mapping && page->mapping != mapping);
+		if (!dax_mapping_is_cow(page->mapping)) {
+			/* keep the CoW flag if this page is still shared */
+			if (page->index-- > 0)
+				continue;
+		} else
+			WARN_ON_ONCE(page->mapping && page->mapping != mapping);
 		page->mapping = NULL;
 		page->index = 0;
 	}
@@ -829,7 +875,8 @@ static void *dax_insert_entry(struct xa_state *xas,
 		void *old;
 
 		dax_disassociate_entry(entry, mapping, false);
-		dax_associate_entry(new_entry, mapping, vmf->vma, vmf->address);
+		dax_associate_entry(new_entry, mapping, vmf->vma, vmf->address,
+				false);
 		/*
 		 * Only swap our new entry into the page cache if the current
 		 * entry is a zero page or an empty entry.  If a normal PTE or
diff --git a/include/linux/page-flags.h b/include/linux/page-flags.h
index b70124b9c7c1..e02907150e5c 100644
--- a/include/linux/page-flags.h
+++ b/include/linux/page-flags.h
@@ -650,6 +650,12 @@ __PAGEFLAG(Reported, reported, PF_NO_COMPOUND)
 #define PAGE_MAPPING_KSM	(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE)
 #define PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS	(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE)
 
+/*
+ * Different with flags above, this flag is used only for fsdax mode.  It
+ * indicates that this page->mapping is now under reflink case.
+ */
+#define PAGE_MAPPING_DAX_COW	0x1
+
 static __always_inline int PageMappingFlags(struct page *page)
 {
 	return ((unsigned long)page->mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS) != 0;
-- 
2.35.1