[PATCH 5.10 07/55] bpf: Fix insufficient bounds propagation from adjust_scalar_min_max_vals

From: Greg Kroah-Hartman
Date: Mon Jul 11 2022 - 05:20:14 EST

From: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>

commit 3844d153a41adea718202c10ae91dc96b37453b5 upstream.

Kuee reported a corner case where the tnum becomes constant after the call
to __reg_bound_offset(), but the register's bounds are not, that is, its
min bounds are still not equal to the register's max bounds.

This in turn allows to leak pointers through turning a pointer register as
is into an unknown scalar via adjust_ptr_min_max_vals().

Before:

func#0 @0
0: R1=ctx(off=0,imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0)) R10=fp(off=0,imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0))
0: (b7) r0 = 1 ; R0_w=scalar(imm=1,umin=1,umax=1,var_off=(0x1; 0x0))
1: (b7) r3 = 0 ; R3_w=scalar(imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0))
2: (87) r3 = -r3 ; R3_w=scalar()
3: (87) r3 = -r3 ; R3_w=scalar()
4: (47) r3 |= 32767 ; R3_w=scalar(smin=-9223372036854743041,umin=32767,var_off=(0x7fff; 0xffffffffffff8000),s32_min=-2147450881)
5: (75) if r3 s>= 0x0 goto pc+1 ; R3_w=scalar(umin=9223372036854808575,var_off=(0x8000000000007fff; 0x7fffffffffff8000),s32_min=-2147450881,u32_min=32767)
6: (95) exit

from 5 to 7: R0=scalar(imm=1,umin=1,umax=1,var_off=(0x1; 0x0)) R1=ctx(off=0,imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0)) R3=scalar(umin=32767,umax=9223372036854775807,var_off=(0x7fff; 0x7fffffffffff8000),s32_min=-2147450881) R10=fp(off=0,imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0))
7: (d5) if r3 s<= 0x8000 goto pc+1 ; R3=scalar(umin=32769,umax=9223372036854775807,var_off=(0x7fff; 0x7fffffffffff8000),s32_min=-2147450881,u32_min=32767)
8: (95) exit

from 7 to 9: R0=scalar(imm=1,umin=1,umax=1,var_off=(0x1; 0x0)) R1=ctx(off=0,imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0)) R3=scalar(umin=32767,umax=32768,var_off=(0x7fff; 0x8000)) R10=fp(off=0,imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0))
9: (07) r3 += -32767 ; R3_w=scalar(imm=0,umax=1,var_off=(0x0; 0x0)) <--- [*]
10: (95) exit

What can be seen here is that R3=scalar(umin=32767,umax=32768,var_off=(0x7fff;
0x8000)) after the operation R3 += -32767 results in a 'malformed' constant, that
is, R3_w=scalar(imm=0,umax=1,var_off=(0x0; 0x0)). Intersecting with var_off has
not been done at that point via __update_reg_bounds(), which would have improved
the umax to be equal to umin.

Refactor the tnum <> min/max bounds information flow into a reg_bounds_sync()
helper and use it consistently everywhere. After the fix, bounds have been
corrected to R3_w=scalar(imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0)) and thus the register
is regarded as a 'proper' constant scalar of 0.

After:

func#0 @0
0: R1=ctx(off=0,imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0)) R10=fp(off=0,imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0))
0: (b7) r0 = 1 ; R0_w=scalar(imm=1,umin=1,umax=1,var_off=(0x1; 0x0))
1: (b7) r3 = 0 ; R3_w=scalar(imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0))
2: (87) r3 = -r3 ; R3_w=scalar()
3: (87) r3 = -r3 ; R3_w=scalar()
4: (47) r3 |= 32767 ; R3_w=scalar(smin=-9223372036854743041,umin=32767,var_off=(0x7fff; 0xffffffffffff8000),s32_min=-2147450881)
5: (75) if r3 s>= 0x0 goto pc+1 ; R3_w=scalar(umin=9223372036854808575,var_off=(0x8000000000007fff; 0x7fffffffffff8000),s32_min=-2147450881,u32_min=32767)
6: (95) exit

from 5 to 7: R0=scalar(imm=1,umin=1,umax=1,var_off=(0x1; 0x0)) R1=ctx(off=0,imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0)) R3=scalar(umin=32767,umax=9223372036854775807,var_off=(0x7fff; 0x7fffffffffff8000),s32_min=-2147450881) R10=fp(off=0,imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0))
7: (d5) if r3 s<= 0x8000 goto pc+1 ; R3=scalar(umin=32769,umax=9223372036854775807,var_off=(0x7fff; 0x7fffffffffff8000),s32_min=-2147450881,u32_min=32767)
8: (95) exit

from 7 to 9: R0=scalar(imm=1,umin=1,umax=1,var_off=(0x1; 0x0)) R1=ctx(off=0,imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0)) R3=scalar(umin=32767,umax=32768,var_off=(0x7fff; 0x8000)) R10=fp(off=0,imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0))
9: (07) r3 += -32767 ; R3_w=scalar(imm=0,umax=0,var_off=(0x0; 0x0)) <--- [*]
10: (95) exit

Fixes: b03c9f9fdc37 ("bpf/verifier: track signed and unsigned min/max values")
Reported-by: Kuee K1r0a <liulin063@xxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@xxxxxxxxxx>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@xxxxxxxxx>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220701124727.11153-2-daniel@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 72 +++++++++++++++-----------------------------------
1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 49 deletions(-)

--- a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
@@ -1249,6 +1249,21 @@ static void __reg_bound_offset(struct bp
reg->var_off = tnum_or(tnum_clear_subreg(var64_off), var32_off);
}

+static void reg_bounds_sync(struct bpf_reg_state *reg)
+{
+ /* We might have learned new bounds from the var_off. */
+ __update_reg_bounds(reg);
+ /* We might have learned something about the sign bit. */
+ __reg_deduce_bounds(reg);
+ /* We might have learned some bits from the bounds. */
+ __reg_bound_offset(reg);
+ /* Intersecting with the old var_off might have improved our bounds
+ * slightly, e.g. if umax was 0x7f...f and var_off was (0; 0xf...fc),
+ * then new var_off is (0; 0x7f...fc) which improves our umax.
+ */
+ __update_reg_bounds(reg);
+}
+
static bool __reg32_bound_s64(s32 a)
{
return a >= 0 && a <= S32_MAX;
@@ -1290,16 +1305,8 @@ static void __reg_combine_32_into_64(str
* so they do not impact tnum bounds calculation.
*/
__mark_reg64_unbounded(reg);
- __update_reg_bounds(reg);
}
-
- /* Intersecting with the old var_off might have improved our bounds
- * slightly. e.g. if umax was 0x7f...f and var_off was (0; 0xf...fc),
- * then new var_off is (0; 0x7f...fc) which improves our umax.
- */
- __reg_deduce_bounds(reg);
- __reg_bound_offset(reg);
- __update_reg_bounds(reg);
+ reg_bounds_sync(reg);
}

static bool __reg64_bound_s32(s64 a)
@@ -1315,7 +1322,6 @@ static bool __reg64_bound_u32(u64 a)
static void __reg_combine_64_into_32(struct bpf_reg_state *reg)
{
__mark_reg32_unbounded(reg);
-
if (__reg64_bound_s32(reg->smin_value) && __reg64_bound_s32(reg->smax_value)) {
reg->s32_min_value = (s32)reg->smin_value;
reg->s32_max_value = (s32)reg->smax_value;
@@ -1324,14 +1330,7 @@ static void __reg_combine_64_into_32(str
reg->u32_min_value = (u32)reg->umin_value;
reg->u32_max_value = (u32)reg->umax_value;
}
-
- /* Intersecting with the old var_off might have improved our bounds
- * slightly. e.g. if umax was 0x7f...f and var_off was (0; 0xf...fc),
- * then new var_off is (0; 0x7f...fc) which improves our umax.
- */
- __reg_deduce_bounds(reg);
- __reg_bound_offset(reg);
- __update_reg_bounds(reg);
+ reg_bounds_sync(reg);
}

/* Mark a register as having a completely unknown (scalar) value. */
@@ -5230,9 +5229,7 @@ static void do_refine_retval_range(struc
ret_reg->s32_max_value = meta->msize_max_value;
ret_reg->smin_value = -MAX_ERRNO;
ret_reg->s32_min_value = -MAX_ERRNO;
- __reg_deduce_bounds(ret_reg);
- __reg_bound_offset(ret_reg);
- __update_reg_bounds(ret_reg);
+ reg_bounds_sync(ret_reg);
}

static int
@@ -6197,11 +6194,7 @@ reject:

if (!check_reg_sane_offset(env, dst_reg, ptr_reg->type))
return -EINVAL;
-
- __update_reg_bounds(dst_reg);
- __reg_deduce_bounds(dst_reg);
- __reg_bound_offset(dst_reg);
-
+ reg_bounds_sync(dst_reg);
if (sanitize_check_bounds(env, insn, dst_reg) < 0)
return -EACCES;
if (sanitize_needed(opcode)) {
@@ -6939,10 +6932,7 @@ static int adjust_scalar_min_max_vals(st
/* ALU32 ops are zero extended into 64bit register */
if (alu32)
zext_32_to_64(dst_reg);
-
- __update_reg_bounds(dst_reg);
- __reg_deduce_bounds(dst_reg);
- __reg_bound_offset(dst_reg);
+ reg_bounds_sync(dst_reg);
return 0;
}

@@ -7131,10 +7121,7 @@ static int check_alu_op(struct bpf_verif
insn->dst_reg);
}
zext_32_to_64(dst_reg);
-
- __update_reg_bounds(dst_reg);
- __reg_deduce_bounds(dst_reg);
- __reg_bound_offset(dst_reg);
+ reg_bounds_sync(dst_reg);
}
} else {
/* case: R = imm
@@ -7693,21 +7680,8 @@ static void __reg_combine_min_max(struct
dst_reg->smax_value);
src_reg->var_off = dst_reg->var_off = tnum_intersect(src_reg->var_off,
dst_reg->var_off);
- /* We might have learned new bounds from the var_off. */
- __update_reg_bounds(src_reg);
- __update_reg_bounds(dst_reg);
- /* We might have learned something about the sign bit. */
- __reg_deduce_bounds(src_reg);
- __reg_deduce_bounds(dst_reg);
- /* We might have learned some bits from the bounds. */
- __reg_bound_offset(src_reg);
- __reg_bound_offset(dst_reg);
- /* Intersecting with the old var_off might have improved our bounds
- * slightly. e.g. if umax was 0x7f...f and var_off was (0; 0xf...fc),
- * then new var_off is (0; 0x7f...fc) which improves our umax.
- */
- __update_reg_bounds(src_reg);
- __update_reg_bounds(dst_reg);
+ reg_bounds_sync(src_reg);
+ reg_bounds_sync(dst_reg);
}

static void reg_combine_min_max(struct bpf_reg_state *true_src,