Re: [PATCH v4 2/6] treewide: use prandom_u32_max() when possible

From: Darrick J. Wong
Date: Fri Oct 07 2022 - 17:17:40 EST

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On Fri, Oct 07, 2022 at 12:01:03PM -0600, Jason A. Donenfeld wrote:
> Rather than incurring a division or requesting too many random bytes for
> the given range, use the prandom_u32_max() function, which only takes
> the minimum required bytes from the RNG and avoids divisions.
>
> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
> Reviewed-by: KP Singh <kpsingh@xxxxxxxxxx>
> Reviewed-by: Christoph Böhmwalder <christoph.boehmwalder@xxxxxxxxxx> # for drbd
> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@xxxxxxx> # for ext2, ext4, and sbitmap
> Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@xxxxxxxxx>
> ---

<snip, skip to the xfs part>

> diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc.c
> index e2bdf089c0a3..6261599bb389 100644
> --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc.c
> +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_alloc.c
> @@ -1520,7 +1520,7 @@ xfs_alloc_ag_vextent_lastblock(
>
> #ifdef DEBUG
> /* Randomly don't execute the first algorithm. */
> - if (prandom_u32() & 1)
> + if (prandom_u32_max(2))

I wonder if these usecases (picking 0 or 1 randomly) ought to have a
trivial wrapper to make it more obvious that we want boolean semantics:

static inline bool prandom_bool(void)
{
return prandom_u32_max(2);
}

if (prandom_bool())
use_crazy_algorithm(...);

But this translation change looks correct to me, so for the XFS parts:
Acked-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@xxxxxxxxxx>

--D

> return 0;
> #endif
>
> diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc.c b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc.c
> index 6cdfd64bc56b..7838b31126e2 100644
> --- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc.c
> +++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ialloc.c
> @@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ xfs_ialloc_ag_alloc(
> /* randomly do sparse inode allocations */
> if (xfs_has_sparseinodes(tp->t_mountp) &&
> igeo->ialloc_min_blks < igeo->ialloc_blks)
> - do_sparse = prandom_u32() & 1;
> + do_sparse = prandom_u32_max(2);
> #endif
>
> /*
> diff --git a/include/linux/nodemask.h b/include/linux/nodemask.h
> index 4b71a96190a8..66ee9b4b7925 100644
> --- a/include/linux/nodemask.h
> +++ b/include/linux/nodemask.h
> @@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ static inline int node_random(const nodemask_t *maskp)
> w = nodes_weight(*maskp);
> if (w)
> bit = bitmap_ord_to_pos(maskp->bits,
> - get_random_int() % w, MAX_NUMNODES);
> + prandom_u32_max(w), MAX_NUMNODES);
> return bit;
> #else
> return 0;
> diff --git a/lib/cmdline_kunit.c b/lib/cmdline_kunit.c
> index e6a31c927b06..a72a2c16066e 100644
> --- a/lib/cmdline_kunit.c
> +++ b/lib/cmdline_kunit.c
> @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ static void cmdline_test_lead_int(struct kunit *test)
> int rc = cmdline_test_values[i];
> int offset;
>
> - sprintf(in, "%u%s", prandom_u32_max(256), str);
> + sprintf(in, "%u%s", get_random_int() % 256, str);
> /* Only first '-' after the number will advance the pointer */
> offset = strlen(in) - strlen(str) + !!(rc == 2);
> cmdline_do_one_test(test, in, rc, offset);
> @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ static void cmdline_test_tail_int(struct kunit *test)
> int rc = strcmp(str, "") ? (strcmp(str, "-") ? 0 : 1) : 1;
> int offset;
>
> - sprintf(in, "%s%u", str, prandom_u32_max(256));
> + sprintf(in, "%s%u", str, get_random_int() % 256);
> /*
> * Only first and leading '-' not followed by integer
> * will advance the pointer.
> diff --git a/lib/kobject.c b/lib/kobject.c
> index 5f0e71ab292c..a0b2dbfcfa23 100644
> --- a/lib/kobject.c
> +++ b/lib/kobject.c
> @@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ static void kobject_release(struct kref *kref)
> {
> struct kobject *kobj = container_of(kref, struct kobject, kref);
> #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE
> - unsigned long delay = HZ + HZ * (get_random_int() & 0x3);
> + unsigned long delay = HZ + HZ * prandom_u32_max(4);
> pr_info("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s, parent %p (delayed %ld)\n",
> kobject_name(kobj), kobj, __func__, kobj->parent, delay);
> INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&kobj->release, kobject_delayed_cleanup);
> diff --git a/lib/reed_solomon/test_rslib.c b/lib/reed_solomon/test_rslib.c
> index 6faf9c9a6215..4d241bdc88aa 100644
> --- a/lib/reed_solomon/test_rslib.c
> +++ b/lib/reed_solomon/test_rslib.c
> @@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ static int get_rcw_we(struct rs_control *rs, struct wspace *ws,
>
> derrlocs[i] = errloc;
>
> - if (ewsc && (prandom_u32() & 1)) {
> + if (ewsc && prandom_u32_max(2)) {
> /* Erasure with the symbol intact */
> errlocs[errloc] = 2;
> } else {
> diff --git a/lib/sbitmap.c b/lib/sbitmap.c
> index c4f04edf3ee9..ef0661504561 100644
> --- a/lib/sbitmap.c
> +++ b/lib/sbitmap.c
> @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ static int init_alloc_hint(struct sbitmap *sb, gfp_t flags)
> int i;
>
> for_each_possible_cpu(i)
> - *per_cpu_ptr(sb->alloc_hint, i) = prandom_u32() % depth;
> + *per_cpu_ptr(sb->alloc_hint, i) = prandom_u32_max(depth);
> }
> return 0;
> }
> diff --git a/lib/test_hexdump.c b/lib/test_hexdump.c
> index 0927f44cd478..41a0321f641a 100644
> --- a/lib/test_hexdump.c
> +++ b/lib/test_hexdump.c
> @@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ static void __init test_hexdump_overflow(size_t buflen, size_t len,
> static void __init test_hexdump_overflow_set(size_t buflen, bool ascii)
> {
> unsigned int i = 0;
> - int rs = (prandom_u32_max(2) + 1) * 16;
> + int rs = prandom_u32_max(2) + 1 * 16;
>
> do {
> int gs = 1 << i;
> diff --git a/lib/test_vmalloc.c b/lib/test_vmalloc.c
> index 4f2f2d1bac56..56ffaa8dd3f6 100644
> --- a/lib/test_vmalloc.c
> +++ b/lib/test_vmalloc.c
> @@ -151,9 +151,7 @@ static int random_size_alloc_test(void)
> int i;
>
> for (i = 0; i < test_loop_count; i++) {
> - n = prandom_u32();
> - n = (n % 100) + 1;
> -
> + n = prandom_u32_max(n % 100) + 1;
> p = vmalloc(n * PAGE_SIZE);
>
> if (!p)
> @@ -293,16 +291,12 @@ pcpu_alloc_test(void)
> return -1;
>
> for (i = 0; i < 35000; i++) {
> - unsigned int r;
> -
> - r = prandom_u32();
> - size = (r % (PAGE_SIZE / 4)) + 1;
> + size = prandom_u32_max(PAGE_SIZE / 4) + 1;
>
> /*
> * Maximum PAGE_SIZE
> */
> - r = prandom_u32();
> - align = 1 << ((r % 11) + 1);
> + align = 1 << (prandom_u32_max(11) + 1);
>
> pcpu[i] = __alloc_percpu(size, align);
> if (!pcpu[i])
> @@ -393,14 +387,11 @@ static struct test_driver {
>
> static void shuffle_array(int *arr, int n)
> {
> - unsigned int rnd;
> int i, j;
>
> for (i = n - 1; i > 0; i--) {
> - rnd = prandom_u32();
> -
> /* Cut the range. */
> - j = rnd % i;
> + j = prandom_u32_max(i);
>
> /* Swap indexes. */
> swap(arr[i], arr[j]);
> diff --git a/net/core/pktgen.c b/net/core/pktgen.c
> index a13ee452429e..5ca4f953034c 100644
> --- a/net/core/pktgen.c
> +++ b/net/core/pktgen.c
> @@ -2469,11 +2469,11 @@ static void mod_cur_headers(struct pktgen_dev *pkt_dev)
> }
>
> if ((pkt_dev->flags & F_VID_RND) && (pkt_dev->vlan_id != 0xffff)) {
> - pkt_dev->vlan_id = prandom_u32() & (4096 - 1);
> + pkt_dev->vlan_id = prandom_u32_max(4096);
> }
>
> if ((pkt_dev->flags & F_SVID_RND) && (pkt_dev->svlan_id != 0xffff)) {
> - pkt_dev->svlan_id = prandom_u32() & (4096 - 1);
> + pkt_dev->svlan_id = prandom_u32_max(4096);
> }
>
> if (pkt_dev->udp_src_min < pkt_dev->udp_src_max) {
> diff --git a/net/ipv4/inet_hashtables.c b/net/ipv4/inet_hashtables.c
> index b9d995b5ce24..9dc070f2018e 100644
> --- a/net/ipv4/inet_hashtables.c
> +++ b/net/ipv4/inet_hashtables.c
> @@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ int __inet_hash_connect(struct inet_timewait_death_row *death_row,
> * on low contention the randomness is maximal and on high contention
> * it may be inexistent.
> */
> - i = max_t(int, i, (prandom_u32() & 7) * 2);
> + i = max_t(int, i, prandom_u32_max(8) * 2);
> WRITE_ONCE(table_perturb[index], READ_ONCE(table_perturb[index]) + i + 2);
>
> /* Head lock still held and bh's disabled */
> diff --git a/net/sunrpc/cache.c b/net/sunrpc/cache.c
> index c3c693b51c94..f075a9fb5ccc 100644
> --- a/net/sunrpc/cache.c
> +++ b/net/sunrpc/cache.c
> @@ -677,7 +677,7 @@ static void cache_limit_defers(void)
>
> /* Consider removing either the first or the last */
> if (cache_defer_cnt > DFR_MAX) {
> - if (prandom_u32() & 1)
> + if (prandom_u32_max(2))
> discard = list_entry(cache_defer_list.next,
> struct cache_deferred_req, recent);
> else
> diff --git a/net/sunrpc/xprtsock.c b/net/sunrpc/xprtsock.c
> index e976007f4fd0..c2caee703d2c 100644
> --- a/net/sunrpc/xprtsock.c
> +++ b/net/sunrpc/xprtsock.c
> @@ -1619,7 +1619,7 @@ static int xs_get_random_port(void)
> if (max < min)
> return -EADDRINUSE;
> range = max - min + 1;
> - rand = (unsigned short) prandom_u32() % range;
> + rand = (unsigned short) prandom_u32_max(range);
> return rand + min;
> }
>
> --
> 2.37.3
>

Next message: Smita Koralahalli: "[PATCH 0/2] efi/cper, cxl: Decode CXL Protocol Errors CPER"
Previous message: Darrick J. Wong: "Re: [PATCH v4 1/6] treewide: use prandom_u32_max() when possible, mechanically"
In reply to: Jason A. Donenfeld: "[PATCH v4 2/6] treewide: use prandom_u32_max() when possible"
Next in thread: Jason A. Donenfeld: "Re: [PATCH v4 2/6] treewide: use prandom_u32_max() when possible"
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