Re: [PATCH v1] KVM: selftests: name the threads

From: David Matlack
Date: Wed Oct 19 2022 - 13:32:25 EST

On Wed, Oct 19, 2022 at 10:29 AM David Matlack <dmatlack@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
>
> On Tue, Oct 18, 2022 at 12:24:48AM +0800, Wei Wang wrote:
> > Name the threads to facilitate debugging, performance tuning,
> > runtime pining etc. pthread_create_with_name is used to create
> > general threads with user specified name, and kvm_vcpu_thread_create
> > is used to create vcpu threads with name in "vcpu##id" format.
> >
> > An example is shown below reported from "top". With naming the
> > vcpu threads, the per-vcpu info becomes more noticeable.
> >
> > PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
> > 4464 root 20 0 4248684 4.0g 1628 R 99.9 26.2 0:50.97 dirty_log_perf_
> > 4467 root 20 0 4248684 4.0g 1628 R 99.9 26.2 0:50.93 vcpu0
> > 4469 root 20 0 4248684 4.0g 1628 R 99.9 26.2 0:50.93 vcpu2
> > 4470 root 20 0 4248684 4.0g 1628 R 99.9 26.2 0:50.94 vcpu3
> > 4468 root 20 0 4248684 4.0g 1628 R 99.7 26.2 0:50.93 vcpu1
> >
> > pthread.h is included in kvm_util.h, so remove it from the files
> > that have already included kvm_util.h.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Wei Wang <wei.w.wang@xxxxxxxxx>
> > ---
> > .../selftests/kvm/aarch64/arch_timer.c | 16 ++-----
> > .../selftests/kvm/access_tracking_perf_test.c | 1 -
> > .../selftests/kvm/demand_paging_test.c | 5 +-
> > .../selftests/kvm/dirty_log_perf_test.c | 1 -
> > tools/testing/selftests/kvm/dirty_log_test.c | 2 +-
> > .../selftests/kvm/hardware_disable_test.c | 17 ++-----
> > .../testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util.h | 8 ++++
> > .../selftests/kvm/include/perf_test_util.h | 2 -
> > .../selftests/kvm/kvm_page_table_test.c | 5 +-
> > tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c | 47 +++++++++++++++++++
> > .../selftests/kvm/lib/perf_test_util.c | 3 +-
> > .../selftests/kvm/max_guest_memory_test.c | 4 +-
> > .../kvm/memslot_modification_stress_test.c | 1 -
> > .../testing/selftests/kvm/memslot_perf_test.c | 3 +-
> > tools/testing/selftests/kvm/rseq_test.c | 5 +-
> > .../selftests/kvm/set_memory_region_test.c | 3 +-
> > tools/testing/selftests/kvm/steal_time.c | 4 +-
> > .../selftests/kvm/x86_64/mmio_warning_test.c | 3 +-
> > .../selftests/kvm/x86_64/sev_migrate_tests.c | 1 -
> > .../selftests/kvm/x86_64/tsc_scaling_sync.c | 4 +-
> > .../kvm/x86_64/ucna_injection_test.c | 1 -
> > .../selftests/kvm/x86_64/xapic_ipi_test.c | 10 ++--
> > 22 files changed, 85 insertions(+), 61 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/aarch64/arch_timer.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/aarch64/arch_timer.c
> > index 574eb73f0e90..14f56327ca28 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/aarch64/arch_timer.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/aarch64/arch_timer.c
> > @@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
> > #define _GNU_SOURCE
> >
> > #include <stdlib.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <linux/kvm.h>
> > #include <linux/sizes.h>
> > #include <linux/bitmap.h>
> > @@ -314,28 +313,23 @@ static void test_run(struct kvm_vm *vm)
> > {
> > pthread_t pt_vcpu_migration;
> > unsigned int i;
> > - int ret;
> >
> > pthread_mutex_init(&vcpu_done_map_lock, NULL);
> > vcpu_done_map = bitmap_zalloc(test_args.nr_vcpus);
> > TEST_ASSERT(vcpu_done_map, "Failed to allocate vcpu done bitmap\n");
> >
> > - for (i = 0; i < (unsigned long)test_args.nr_vcpus; i++) {
> > - ret = pthread_create(&pt_vcpu_run[i], NULL, test_vcpu_run,
> > - (void *)(unsigned long)i);
> > - TEST_ASSERT(!ret, "Failed to create vCPU-%d pthread\n", i);
> > - }
> > + for (i = 0; i < (unsigned long)test_args.nr_vcpus; i++)
> > + kvm_create_vcpu_thread(&pt_vcpu_run[i], NULL,
> > + test_vcpu_run, (void *)(unsigned long)i, i);
> >
> > /* Spawn a thread to control the vCPU migrations */
> > if (test_args.migration_freq_ms) {
> > srand(time(NULL));
> >
> > - ret = pthread_create(&pt_vcpu_migration, NULL,
> > - test_vcpu_migration, NULL);
> > - TEST_ASSERT(!ret, "Failed to create the migration pthread\n");
> > + pthread_create_with_name(&pt_vcpu_migration, NULL,
> > + test_vcpu_migration, NULL, "control-thread");
> > }
> >
> > -
> > for (i = 0; i < test_args.nr_vcpus; i++)
> > pthread_join(pt_vcpu_run[i], NULL);
> >
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/access_tracking_perf_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/access_tracking_perf_test.c
> > index 76c583a07ea2..b61ecc907d61 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/access_tracking_perf_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/access_tracking_perf_test.c
> > @@ -37,7 +37,6 @@
> > */
> > #include <inttypes.h>
> > #include <limits.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <sys/mman.h>
> > #include <sys/types.h>
> > #include <sys/stat.h>
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/demand_paging_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/demand_paging_test.c
> > index 779ae54f89c4..f75d531008e8 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/demand_paging_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/demand_paging_test.c
> > @@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
> > #include <stdlib.h>
> > #include <time.h>
> > #include <poll.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <linux/userfaultfd.h>
> > #include <sys/syscall.h>
> >
> > @@ -260,8 +259,8 @@ static void setup_demand_paging(struct kvm_vm *vm,
> > uffd_args->uffd = uffd;
> > uffd_args->pipefd = pipefd;
> > uffd_args->delay = uffd_delay;
> > - pthread_create(uffd_handler_thread, NULL, uffd_handler_thread_fn,
> > - uffd_args);
> > + pthread_create_with_name(uffd_handler_thread, NULL,
> > + uffd_handler_thread_fn, uffd_args, "uffd-handler-thread");
> >
> > PER_VCPU_DEBUG("Created uffd thread for HVA range [%p, %p)\n",
> > hva, hva + len);
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/dirty_log_perf_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/dirty_log_perf_test.c
> > index f99e39a672d3..5cf9080b3864 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/dirty_log_perf_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/dirty_log_perf_test.c
> > @@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
> > #include <stdio.h>
> > #include <stdlib.h>
> > #include <time.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <linux/bitmap.h>
> >
> > #include "kvm_util.h"
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/dirty_log_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/dirty_log_test.c
> > index b5234d6efbe1..c7a30b4dd33a 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/dirty_log_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/dirty_log_test.c
> > @@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ static void run_test(enum vm_guest_mode mode, void *arg)
> > host_clear_count = 0;
> > host_track_next_count = 0;
> >
> > - pthread_create(&vcpu_thread, NULL, vcpu_worker, vcpu);
> > + kvm_create_vcpu_thread(&vcpu_thread, NULL, vcpu_worker, vcpu, 0);
> >
> > while (iteration < p->iterations) {
> > /* Give the vcpu thread some time to dirty some pages */
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/hardware_disable_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/hardware_disable_test.c
> > index f5d59b9934f1..c22b8445a809 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/hardware_disable_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/hardware_disable_test.c
> > @@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
> > #define _GNU_SOURCE
> >
> > #include <fcntl.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <semaphore.h>
> > #include <stdint.h>
> > #include <stdlib.h>
> > @@ -59,15 +58,6 @@ static void *sleeping_thread(void *arg)
> > pthread_exit(NULL);
> > }
> >
> > -static inline void check_create_thread(pthread_t *thread, pthread_attr_t *attr,
> > - void *(*f)(void *), void *arg)
> > -{
> > - int r;
> > -
> > - r = pthread_create(thread, attr, f, arg);
> > - TEST_ASSERT(r == 0, "%s: failed to create thread", __func__);
> > -}
> > -
> > static inline void check_set_affinity(pthread_t thread, cpu_set_t *cpu_set)
> > {
> > int r;
> > @@ -104,12 +94,13 @@ static void run_test(uint32_t run)
> > for (i = 0; i < VCPU_NUM; ++i) {
> > vcpu = vm_vcpu_add(vm, i, guest_code);
> >
> > - check_create_thread(&threads[i], NULL, run_vcpu, vcpu);
> > + kvm_create_vcpu_thread(&threads[i], NULL, run_vcpu, vcpu, i);
> > check_set_affinity(threads[i], &cpu_set);
> >
> > for (j = 0; j < SLEEPING_THREAD_NUM; ++j) {
> > - check_create_thread(&throw_away, NULL, sleeping_thread,
> > - (void *)NULL);
> > + pthread_create_with_name(&throw_away, NULL,
> > + sleeping_thread, (void *)NULL,
> > + "sleeping-thread");
> > check_set_affinity(throw_away, &cpu_set);
> > }
> > }
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util.h
> > index c9286811a4cb..b7f0295d928e 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util.h
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util.h
> > @@ -7,7 +7,15 @@
> > #ifndef SELFTEST_KVM_UTIL_H
> > #define SELFTEST_KVM_UTIL_H
> >
> > +#include <pthread.h>
> > +
> > #include "kvm_util_base.h"
> > #include "ucall_common.h"
> >
> > +void pthread_create_with_name(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr,
> > + void *(*start_routine)(void *), void *arg, char *name);
> > +
> > +void kvm_create_vcpu_thread(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr,
> > + void *(*start_routine)(void *), void *arg, int vcpu_id);
> > +
> > #endif /* SELFTEST_KVM_UTIL_H */
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/perf_test_util.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/perf_test_util.h
> > index eaa88df0555a..cb6971c8740f 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/perf_test_util.h
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/perf_test_util.h
> > @@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
> > #ifndef SELFTEST_KVM_PERF_TEST_UTIL_H
> > #define SELFTEST_KVM_PERF_TEST_UTIL_H
> >
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > -
> > #include "kvm_util.h"
> >
> > /* Default guest test virtual memory offset */
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_page_table_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_page_table_test.c
> > index f42c6ac6d71d..1e41dca7f67d 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_page_table_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_page_table_test.c
> > @@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
> > #include <stdio.h>
> > #include <stdlib.h>
> > #include <time.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <semaphore.h>
> >
> > #include "test_util.h"
> > @@ -359,8 +358,8 @@ static void run_test(enum vm_guest_mode mode, void *arg)
> > *current_stage = KVM_BEFORE_MAPPINGS;
> >
> > for (i = 0; i < nr_vcpus; i++)
> > - pthread_create(&vcpu_threads[i], NULL, vcpu_worker,
> > - test_args.vcpus[i]);
> > + kvm_create_vcpu_thread(&vcpu_threads[i], NULL,
> > + vcpu_worker, test_args.vcpus[i], i);
> >
> > vcpus_complete_new_stage(*current_stage);
> > pr_info("Started all vCPUs successfully\n");
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
> > index f1cb1627161f..c252c912f1ba 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
> > @@ -2021,3 +2021,50 @@ void __vm_get_stat(struct kvm_vm *vm, const char *stat_name, uint64_t *data,
> > break;
> > }
> > }
> > +
> > +/*
> > + * Create a named thread
> > + *
> > + * Input Args:
>
> thread is missing here
>
> > + * attr - the attributes for the new thread
> > + * start_routine - the routine to run in the thread context
> > + * arg - the argument passed to start_routine
> > + * name - the name of the thread
> > + *
> > + * Output Args:
> > + * thread - the thread to be created
> > + *
> > + * Create a thread with user specified name.
> > + */
> > +void pthread_create_with_name(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr,
> > + void *(*start_routine)(void *), void *arg, char *name)
> > +{
> > + int r;
> > +
> > + r = pthread_create(thread, attr, start_routine, arg);
> > + TEST_ASSERT(!r, "thread(%s) creation failed, r = %d", name, r);
> > + pthread_setname_np(*thread, name);
> > +}
> > +
> > +/*
> > + * Create a vcpu thread
> > + *
> > + * Input Args:
>
> thread is missing here
>
> > + * attr - the attributes for the new thread
> > + * start_routine - the routine to run in the thread context
> > + * arg - the argument passed to start_routine
> > + * vcpu_id - the id of the vcpu
> > + *
> > + * Output Args:
> > + * thread - the thread to be created
> > + *
> > + * Create a vcpu thread with the name in "vcpu##id" format.
> > + */
> > +void kvm_create_vcpu_thread(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr,
>
> If I'm reading the patch correctly, attr is always NULL for vCPU
> threads, so just drop it until we need it?
>
> > + void *(*start_routine)(void *), void *arg, int vcpu_id)
>
> I think it would be helpful to tie the vcpu_id to something real, rather
> than leaving it up to the caller. How about passing in the struct
> kvm_vcpu here and using vcpu->id in the thread name?
>
> Another cleanup we could do on top of this series would be to stash the
> vCPU pthread_t into struct kvm_vcpu, which would eliminate another
> parameter here and make this API super clean:
>
> void vcpu_create_thread(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, void *(*fn)(void *), void *arg)
> {
> ...
> }
>
> > +{
> > + char vcpu_name[6];
> > +
> > + sprintf(vcpu_name, "%s%d", "vcpu", vcpu_id);
>
> There's no need to dynamically insert "vcpu". Also, could we include a
> dash to make the name slightly easier to parse? Putting it together...
>
> char vcpu_name[16];
>
> sprintf(vcpu_name, "vcpu-%d", vcpu_id);

Oh and I forgot to mention, vcpu_name[6] is too small of a buffer
since there can be more than 10 vCPUs (honestly, even more than 100 is
quite normal).

>
> > + pthread_create_with_name(thread, attr, start_routine, arg, vcpu_name);
> > +}
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/perf_test_util.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/perf_test_util.c
> > index 9618b37c66f7..4e57181daffc 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/perf_test_util.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/perf_test_util.c
> > @@ -274,7 +274,8 @@ void perf_test_start_vcpu_threads(int nr_vcpus,
> > vcpu->vcpu_idx = i;
> > WRITE_ONCE(vcpu->running, false);
> >
> > - pthread_create(&vcpu->thread, NULL, vcpu_thread_main, vcpu);
> > + kvm_create_vcpu_thread(&vcpu->thread, NULL,
> > + vcpu_thread_main, vcpu, i);
> > }
> >
> > for (i = 0; i < nr_vcpus; i++) {
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/max_guest_memory_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/max_guest_memory_test.c
> > index 9a6e4f3ad6b5..04524694e2b6 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/max_guest_memory_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/max_guest_memory_test.c
> > @@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
> >
> > #include <stdio.h>
> > #include <stdlib.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <semaphore.h>
> > #include <sys/types.h>
> > #include <signal.h>
> > @@ -110,7 +109,8 @@ static pthread_t *spawn_workers(struct kvm_vm *vm, struct kvm_vcpu **vcpus,
> > info[i].vcpu = vcpus[i];
> > info[i].start_gpa = gpa;
> > info[i].end_gpa = gpa + nr_bytes;
> > - pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, vcpu_worker, &info[i]);
> > + kvm_create_vcpu_thread(&threads[i], NULL,
> > + vcpu_worker, &info[i], i);
> > }
> > return threads;
> > }
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/memslot_modification_stress_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/memslot_modification_stress_test.c
> > index 6ee7e1dde404..769300181597 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/memslot_modification_stress_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/memslot_modification_stress_test.c
> > @@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
> > #include <asm/unistd.h>
> > #include <time.h>
> > #include <poll.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <linux/bitmap.h>
> > #include <linux/bitops.h>
> > #include <linux/userfaultfd.h>
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/memslot_perf_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/memslot_perf_test.c
> > index 44995446d942..041a07acba3d 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/memslot_perf_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/memslot_perf_test.c
> > @@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
> > *
> > * Basic guest setup / host vCPU thread code lifted from set_memory_region_test.
> > */
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <sched.h>
> > #include <semaphore.h>
> > #include <stdatomic.h>
> > @@ -332,7 +331,7 @@ static void launch_vm(struct vm_data *data)
> > {
> > pr_info_v("Launching the test VM\n");
> >
> > - pthread_create(&data->vcpu_thread, NULL, vcpu_worker, data);
> > + kvm_create_vcpu_thread(&data->vcpu_thread, NULL, vcpu_worker, data, 0);
> >
> > /* Ensure the guest thread is spun up. */
> > wait_for_vcpu();
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/rseq_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/rseq_test.c
> > index 6f88da7e60be..11e0b1b7abb1 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/rseq_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/rseq_test.c
> > @@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
> > #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for program_invocation_short_name */
> > #include <errno.h>
> > #include <fcntl.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <sched.h>
> > #include <stdio.h>
> > #include <stdlib.h>
> > @@ -226,8 +225,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
> > vm = vm_create_with_one_vcpu(&vcpu, guest_code);
> > ucall_init(vm, NULL);
> >
> > - pthread_create(&migration_thread, NULL, migration_worker,
> > - (void *)(unsigned long)syscall(SYS_gettid));
> > + pthread_create_with_name(&migration_thread, NULL, migration_worker,
> > + (void *)(unsigned long)syscall(SYS_gettid), "migration-thread");
> >
> > for (i = 0; !done; i++) {
> > vcpu_run(vcpu);
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/set_memory_region_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/set_memory_region_test.c
> > index 0d55f508d595..4c9ab5595a22 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/set_memory_region_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/set_memory_region_test.c
> > @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
> > // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
> > #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for program_invocation_short_name */
> > #include <fcntl.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <sched.h>
> > #include <semaphore.h>
> > #include <signal.h>
> > @@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ static struct kvm_vm *spawn_vm(struct kvm_vcpu **vcpu, pthread_t *vcpu_thread,
> > hva = addr_gpa2hva(vm, MEM_REGION_GPA);
> > memset(hva, 0, 2 * 4096);
> >
> > - pthread_create(vcpu_thread, NULL, vcpu_worker, *vcpu);
> > + kvm_create_vcpu_thread(vcpu_thread, NULL, vcpu_worker, *vcpu, 0);
> >
> > /* Ensure the guest thread is spun up. */
> > wait_for_vcpu();
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/steal_time.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/steal_time.c
> > index db8967f1a17b..be93a333ce04 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/steal_time.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/steal_time.c
> > @@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
> > #include <stdio.h>
> > #include <time.h>
> > #include <sched.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <linux/kernel.h>
> > #include <asm/kvm.h>
> > #include <asm/kvm_para.h>
> > @@ -290,7 +289,8 @@ int main(int ac, char **av)
> >
> > /* Steal time from the VCPU. The steal time thread has the same CPU affinity as the VCPUs. */
> > run_delay = get_run_delay();
> > - pthread_create(&thread, &attr, do_steal_time, NULL);
> > + pthread_create_with_name(&thread, &attr, do_steal_time,
> > + NULL, "steal-time-thread");
> > do
> > sched_yield();
> > while (get_run_delay() - run_delay < MIN_RUN_DELAY_NS);
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/mmio_warning_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/mmio_warning_test.c
> > index fb02581953a3..abbd5a4f2828 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/mmio_warning_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/mmio_warning_test.c
> > @@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
> > #include <kvm_util.h>
> > #include <linux/kvm.h>
> > #include <processor.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <stdio.h>
> > #include <stdlib.h>
> > #include <string.h>
> > @@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ void test(void)
> > tc.run = run;
> > srand(getpid());
> > for (i = 0; i < NTHREAD; i++) {
> > - pthread_create(&th[i], NULL, thr, (void *)(uintptr_t)&tc);
> > + kvm_create_vcpu_thread(&th[i], NULL, thr, (void *)(uintptr_t)&tc, i);
> > usleep(rand() % 10000);
> > }
> > for (i = 0; i < NTHREAD; i++)
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/sev_migrate_tests.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/sev_migrate_tests.c
> > index c7ef97561038..b00ba08a19eb 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/sev_migrate_tests.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/sev_migrate_tests.c
> > @@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
> > #include <sys/ioctl.h>
> > #include <stdlib.h>
> > #include <errno.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> >
> > #include "test_util.h"
> > #include "kvm_util.h"
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/tsc_scaling_sync.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/tsc_scaling_sync.c
> > index 47139aab7408..a6511c399173 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/tsc_scaling_sync.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/tsc_scaling_sync.c
> > @@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
> > #include <time.h>
> > #include <sched.h>
> > #include <signal.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> >
> > #define NR_TEST_VCPUS 20
> >
> > @@ -102,7 +101,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
> > pthread_t cpu_threads[NR_TEST_VCPUS];
> > unsigned long cpu;
> > for (cpu = 0; cpu < NR_TEST_VCPUS; cpu++)
> > - pthread_create(&cpu_threads[cpu], NULL, run_vcpu, (void *)cpu);
> > + kvm_create_vcpu_thread(&cpu_threads[cpu], NULL,
> > + run_vcpu, (void *)cpu, cpu);
> >
> > unsigned long failures = 0;
> > for (cpu = 0; cpu < NR_TEST_VCPUS; cpu++) {
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/ucna_injection_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/ucna_injection_test.c
> > index a897c7fd8abe..24a89a3a11db 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/ucna_injection_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/ucna_injection_test.c
> > @@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
> > */
> >
> > #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for program_invocation_short_name */
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <inttypes.h>
> > #include <string.h>
> > #include <time.h>
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/xapic_ipi_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/xapic_ipi_test.c
> > index 3d272d7f961e..8bdef8e0f2b0 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/xapic_ipi_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/xapic_ipi_test.c
> > @@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
> >
> > #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for program_invocation_short_name */
> > #include <getopt.h>
> > -#include <pthread.h>
> > #include <inttypes.h>
> > #include <string.h>
> > #include <time.h>
> > @@ -393,7 +392,6 @@ void get_cmdline_args(int argc, char *argv[], int *run_secs,
> >
> > int main(int argc, char *argv[])
> > {
> > - int r;
> > int wait_secs;
> > const int max_halter_wait = 10;
> > int run_secs = 0;
> > @@ -436,9 +434,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
> > params[1].pipis_rcvd = pipis_rcvd;
> >
> > /* Start halter vCPU thread and wait for it to execute first HLT. */
> > - r = pthread_create(&threads[0], NULL, vcpu_thread, &params[0]);
> > - TEST_ASSERT(r == 0,
> > - "pthread_create halter failed errno=%d", errno);
> > + kvm_create_vcpu_thread(&threads[0], NULL,
> > + vcpu_thread, &params[0], 0);
> > fprintf(stderr, "Halter vCPU thread started\n");
> >
> > wait_secs = 0;
> > @@ -455,8 +452,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
> > "Halter vCPU thread reported its APIC ID: %u after %d seconds.\n",
> > data->halter_apic_id, wait_secs);
> >
> > - r = pthread_create(&threads[1], NULL, vcpu_thread, &params[1]);
> > - TEST_ASSERT(r == 0, "pthread_create sender failed errno=%d", errno);
> > + kvm_create_vcpu_thread(&threads[1], NULL, vcpu_thread, &params[1], 1);
> >
> > fprintf(stderr,
> > "IPI sender vCPU thread started. Letting vCPUs run for %d seconds.\n",
> > --
> > 2.27.0
> >