WARNING: inconsistent lock state in trace_call_bpf

From: Hao Sun
Date: Wed Dec 07 2022 - 00:17:27 EST

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Hi,

The following warning can be triggered by attaching/detaching the prog
in the link multiple times. This is related to a previous report:
https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/Y4%2F27g8EHQ9F3bDr@xxxxxxxxxx/T/#t

Seems hard to prevent this, especially with kprobe. This can be
reproduced on:

HEAD commit: ab0350c743d5 selftests/bpf: Fix conflicts with built-in
functions in bpf_iter_ksym
git tree: bpf-next
console log: https://pastebin.com/raw/khH3sQVG
kernel config: https://pastebin.com/raw/77bXX2Wb
BPF prog: https://pastebin.com/raw/A43uNuP1

================================
WARNING: inconsistent lock state
6.1.0-rc7-01489-gab0350c743d5 #120 Not tainted
--------------------------------
inconsistent {INITIAL USE} -> {IN-NMI} usage.
kprobe/6606 [HC1[1]:SC0[0]:HE0:SE1] takes:
ffffffff8d41bfb8 (trace_printk_lock){....}-{2:2}, at:
____bpf_trace_printk kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c:391 [inline]
ffffffff8d41bfb8 (trace_printk_lock){....}-{2:2}, at:
bpf_trace_printk+0xd3/0x170 kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c:377
{INITIAL USE} state was registered at:
lock_acquire kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5668 [inline]
lock_acquire+0x1e0/0x610 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5633
__raw_spin_lock_irqsave include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:110 [inline]
_raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x3a/0x50 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:162
____bpf_trace_printk kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c:391 [inline]
bpf_trace_printk+0xd3/0x170 kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c:377
bpf_prog_cf2ac6d483d8499b_trace_bpf_trace_printk+0x2b/0x37
bpf_dispatcher_nop_func include/linux/bpf.h:1082 [inline]
__bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:600 [inline]
bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:607 [inline]
bpf_prog_run_array include/linux/bpf.h:1728 [inline]
trace_call_bpf+0x280/0x660 kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c:136
kprobe_perf_func+0x107/0x860 kernel/trace/trace_kprobe.c:1522
kprobe_dispatcher+0xe6/0x180 kernel/trace/trace_kprobe.c:1665
opt_pre_handler+0xd9/0x160 kernel/kprobes.c:429
optimized_callback arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c:199 [inline]
optimized_callback+0x221/0x2b0 arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c:176
0xffffffffa0403034
pgdat_kswapd_lock include/linux/memory_hotplug.h:213 [inline]
kswapd_is_running mm/compaction.c:1987 [inline]
should_proactive_compact_node mm/compaction.c:2060 [inline]
kcompactd+0x2cb/0xeb0 mm/compaction.c:2979
irq event stamp: 14116
hardirqs last enabled at (14115): [<ffffffff81d074f2>]
kasan_quarantine_put+0x102/0x230 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:242
hardirqs last disabled at (14116): [<ffffffff89f217a3>]
exc_int3+0x23/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:843
softirqs last enabled at (14102): [<ffffffff81917290>] spin_unlock_bh
include/linux/spinlock.h:395 [inline]
softirqs last enabled at (14102): [<ffffffff81917290>]
bpf_link_settle kernel/bpf/syscall.c:2879 [inline]
softirqs last enabled at (14102): [<ffffffff81917290>]
bpf_perf_link_attach+0x360/0x520 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3283
softirqs last disabled at (14100): [<ffffffff81917253>] spin_lock_bh
include/linux/spinlock.h:355 [inline]
softirqs last disabled at (14100): [<ffffffff81917253>]
bpf_link_settle kernel/bpf/syscall.c:2877 [inline]
softirqs last disabled at (14100): [<ffffffff81917253>]
bpf_perf_link_attach+0x323/0x520 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3283

other info that might help us debug this:
Possible unsafe locking scenario:

CPU0
----
lock(trace_printk_lock);
<Interrupt>
lock(trace_printk_lock);

*** DEADLOCK ***

1 lock held by kprobe/6606:
#0: ffff8880b98412b0 (&cpuctx_mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}, at:
perf_event_ctx_lock_nested+0x227/0x480 kernel/events/core.c:1297

stack backtrace:
CPU: 0 PID: 6606 Comm: kprobe Not tainted 6.1.0-rc7-01489-gab0350c743d5 #120
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Arch Linux
1.16.1-1-1 04/01/2014
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]
dump_stack_lvl+0x100/0x178 lib/dump_stack.c:106
print_usage_bug include/trace/events/lock.h:24 [inline]
verify_lock_unused kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5600 [inline]
lock_acquire kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5659 [inline]
lock_acquire.cold+0x3b/0x40 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5633
__raw_spin_lock_irqsave include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:110 [inline]
_raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x3a/0x50 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:162
____bpf_trace_printk kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c:391 [inline]
bpf_trace_printk+0xd3/0x170 kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c:377
bpf_prog_cf2ac6d483d8499b_trace_bpf_trace_printk+0x33/0x37
bpf_dispatcher_nop_func include/linux/bpf.h:1082 [inline]
__bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:600 [inline]
bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:607 [inline]
bpf_prog_run_array include/linux/bpf.h:1728 [inline]
trace_call_bpf+0x280/0x660 kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c:136
kprobe_perf_func+0x107/0x860 kernel/trace/trace_kprobe.c:1522
kprobe_dispatcher+0xe6/0x180 kernel/trace/trace_kprobe.c:1665
aggr_pre_handler+0xdd/0x180 kernel/kprobes.c:1202
kprobe_int3_handler+0x442/0x560 arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c:981
do_int3+0xd/0x50 arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:800
exc_int3+0x2d/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:846
asm_exc_int3+0x39/0x40 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:569
RIP: 0010:trace_contention_begin+0x1/0x1e0 include/trace/events/lock.h:95
Code: f5 2b 6e 00 e9 7d fe ff ff 48 89 df e8 e8 2b 6e 00 e9 ea fe ff
ff e8 fe 2b 6e 00 e9 43 ff ff ff 66 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 cc <55> 41
54 55 53 66 90 48 c7 c3 80 b7 32 8f 65 8b 2d f2 de 9f 7e 48
RSP: 0018:ffffc9000be87cb0 EFLAGS: 00000282
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000001
RDX: 1ffff11004068149 RSI: 0000000000000021 RDI: ffff8880b9841248
RBP: ffffc9000be87e10 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffffff91ee6a4f
R10: fffffbfff23dcd49 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: dffffc0000000000 R14: ffff8880b9841248 R15: ffffed10026611c0
__mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:605 [inline]
__mutex_lock+0x15a/0x12e0 kernel/locking/mutex.c:747
perf_event_ctx_lock_nested+0x227/0x480 kernel/events/core.c:1297
perf_event_ctx_lock kernel/events/core.c:1310 [inline]
perf_ioctl+0x67/0xb0 kernel/events/core.c:5754
vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
__do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:870 [inline]
__se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:856 [inline]
__x64_sys_ioctl+0x189/0x210 fs/ioctl.c:856
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x38/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
RIP: 0033:0x7f9e448e1017
Code: 00 00 00 48 8b 05 81 7e 2b 00 64 c7 00 26 00 00 00 48 c7 c0 ff
ff ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 b8 10 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d
01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d 51 7e 2b 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffc65e35c48 EFLAGS: 00000206 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000007 RCX: 00007f9e448e1017
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000002400 RDI: 0000000000000006
RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 0000000727d65330 R09: 0000000500000000
R10: 0000000000000541 R11: 0000000000000206 R12: 0000000000000005
R13: 000055f027d65f70 R14: 0000000000000006 R15: 000055f027d65350
</TASK>
----------------
Code disassembly (best guess):
0: f5 cmc
1: 2b 6e 00 sub 0x0(%rsi),%ebp
4: e9 7d fe ff ff jmp 0xfffffe86
9: 48 89 df mov %rbx,%rdi
c: e8 e8 2b 6e 00 call 0x6e2bf9
11: e9 ea fe ff ff jmp 0xffffff00
16: e8 fe 2b 6e 00 call 0x6e2c19
1b: e9 43 ff ff ff jmp 0xffffff63
20: 66 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 nopw 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
27: 00 00
29: cc int3
* 2a: 55 push %rbp <-- trapping instruction
2b: 41 54 push %r12
2d: 55 push %rbp
2e: 53 push %rbx
2f: 66 90 xchg %ax,%ax
31: 48 c7 c3 80 b7 32 8f mov $0xffffffff8f32b780,%rbx
38: 65 8b 2d f2 de 9f 7e mov %gs:0x7e9fdef2(%rip),%ebp # 0x7e9fdf31
3f: 48 rex.W

Next message: Steven Rostedt: "Re: [PATCH v2] panic: Taint kernel if fault injection has been used"
Previous message: Luis Chamberlain: "Re: [PATCH v10 05/13] kbuild: remove MODULE_LICENSE/AUTHOR/DESCRIPTION in non-modules"
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